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Topic: LINCtape

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DECtape

Magnetic tape

	LINC
		In contrast, the LINCtape was a small, nimble device which stored about 400K, had a fixed formatting track allowing data to be repeatedly read and re-written to the same locations, and took less than a minute to spool from one end to the other.
		LINCtape is also fondly remembered for its reliability, which was distinctly higher than that of the diskettes that supplanted it.
		LINCtape incorporated a very simple form of redundancy--all data was duplicated laterally in two locations across the tape.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/l/li/linc.html (1008 words)

	LINC - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In contrast, the LINCtape was a small, nimble device which stored about 400K, had a fixed formatting track allowing data to be repeatedly read and re-written to the same locations, and took less than a minute to spool from one end to the other.
		LINCtape is also fondly remembered for its reliability, which was distinctly higher than that of the diskettes that supplanted it.
		LINCtape incorporated a very simple form of redundancy--all data was duplicated laterally in two locations across the tape.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/LINC (1049 words)

	southern linc - idnsa02959 field version linc
		In contrast, the LINCtape was a small, nimble device which stored about linc energy ltd 400K, had a fixed formatting track allowing data to be repeatedly read and re-written 105.3 linc to the same locations, and took less than a minute to spool from one end to the other.
		LINCtape southern linc - voice mail is also fondly remembered for its reliability, which was distinctly higher than that of the diskettes that supplanted it.
		LINCtape incorporated a very simple form of redundancy--all data was duplicated laterally in two locations across the linc stocks tape.
	www.infotechloco.com /Inf-Programming-F---L/LINC.html (1110 words)

	DECtape - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		DECtape and DECtape II DECtape was controversial for its amazing similarity to LINCtape, which was originally designed by Wesley Clark at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory as an integral part of the LINC computer.
		The design of the LINC, including LINCtape, was in the public domain, and LINCtape drives were manufactured by several companies, including Digital.
		Thus, LINCtape and DECtape had opposite placements of feed and takeup reels, wrote signals to tape with opposite magnetic polarities, and wrote the bits of a byte in different orders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/DECtape (471 words)

	[No title]
		DECtape and LINCtape were the same tape wound in the reverse direction and stored in differently colored canisters.
		LINCtape used 12-bit words on tape, with a four-bit mark pattern associated with each 12-bit word.
		You could convert a LINCtape to DECtape or vice versa by using the transport to wind it onto the "takeup reel", which became the new tape reel.
	neil.franklin.ch /Usenet/alt.folklore.computers/20011118_DECtape_and_LINCtape (1990 words)

	What about the LINC/8 and PDP-12?
		One of the major innovations introduced with the LINC was the LINCtape, designed by Tom Stockebrand scaled down from an experimental tape drive developed for the TX-2 at Lincoln Labs.
		LINCtapes could be carelessly pocketed or dropped on the floor without fear of data loss, and they allowed random access to data blocks.
		The motives behind the development of LINCtape were the same motives that led IBM to develop the floppy disk almost a decade later, and in fact, DECtape survived as a widely used medium until DEC introduced the RX01 8 inch floppy disk drive around 1975, and even after this, DECtape was only slowly phased out.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/dec-faq/pdp8/section-7.html (892 words)

	[No title]
		LINCtape is not compatible with DECtape format, but uses the same media running in the opposite direction.
		Some newer devices, such as RX02, may not assume this, since they may be connected to a PDP-8 CPU through an appropriate buss converter (DW8E-N).) OS/8 development, as well as P?S/8 development, persists to this day, although admittedly on a "non-profit" basis by concerned individuals, some of whom are contributors to the archive.
		NOVA LINCtapes are created on drives and controllers for the NOVA which are manufactured by Computer Operations Corp. of Beltsville, Md. P?S/8 includes software to treat DECtapes on a LINC-8 as a block device.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/academic/computer-science/history/pdp-8/docs/WHAT-IS-A-PDP8 (9356 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		LINCtape is interesting because unlike most tape formats, it allows for random access read/write.
		LINCtape on the other hand, behaves just like a very slow-access floppy disk, and that is how it was used on the LINC family of minis - interactively, instead of for backup.
		It also has a fixed-head disk drive, the logic for which is also implimented in flip chips and wire wrap.
	www.cca.org /tech/rcs/linc8.html (253 words)

	[No title]
		Since the software is supplied on a system DECtape (or LINCtape), it is not necessary to build an initial system, as it is when using cassettes or paper tapes.
		The LINCtape on unit 0 will move again, and a dot (.) will be printed at the left margin of the terminal.
		Once you have built an OS/8 system on a disk, it may occasionally be necessary to start (bootstrap) the system into operation when nothing is in memory.
	www.dbit.com /pub/pdp8/doc/os8sysgn.doc (5698 words)

	Pinetree Magnetic Tape History
		LINCtape (and its derivative, DECtape) were variations on this "round tape." They were essentially a personal storage medium.
		LINCtapes and DECtapes had similar capacity and data transfer rate to the diskettes that displaced them, but their "seek times" were on the order of thirty seconds to a minute.
		A tape drive (or "transport" or "deck") uses precisely-controlled motors to wind the tape from one reel to the other, passing a read/write head as it does.
	www.pine1nc.com /PinetreeMagneticTapeHistory.php (893 words)

	Grace's Place in the Information Systems at UM-St. Louis
		Tapes retained their length, in the 1980's even growing to up to 3600 inches, albeit with a much smaller width.
		LINCtape and DECtape were the second generation of magnetic tape storage, and were mainly used as personal storage devices.
		The evolution here was that these tapes were able to be written and rewritten as needed, replacing the expensive, one time use tape used prior.
	www.umsl.edu /divisions/business/mis/grace/onlinemuseum/e4.html (482 words)

	[No title]
		When OS/8 software is supplied on DECtape or LINCtape, BUILD includes the device handlers shown in Table 9-1.
		For example, assume you are replacing the LINCtape handlers LTA0, LTA1, LTA2, and LTA5 with DECtape handlers DTA0, DTA1, DTA2, and DTA5.
		For example, assume you are removing the entire group of LINCtape handlers.
	www.dbit.com /pub/pdp8/doc/build.doc (5026 words)

	The PDP-12
		It was introduced in 1969 and 725 were built before the line was discontinued in 1972.
		The basic machine came configured with dual LINCtape drives, a scope display, and IO ports for interfacing with external laboratory equipment.
		Unlike most tape drives, linctape are random access read/write, so you can have a filesystem on tape and use it interactively like a disk.
	www.cca.org /tech/rcs/pdp12.html (388 words)

	11/45 is alive (I'm singing "who's johnny")
		One of the packs that's still here is the one that has the driver source for the LincTape drive.
		As best I recall, the LincTape II supports both DecTape and LincTape formats (they are not the same).
		The drives you have (LincTape II and DSD) are the very drives I used for this.
	www.classiccmp.org /pipermail/cctalk/2005-July/198583.html (692 words)

	Lights out for last LINC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Removable media - two LINCtape drives, of course.
		Later that summer (August 1992) John Cook, RLE photographer, came over to record photographically the retirement party for the LINC.
		The front panel is in the center with LINCtapes and CRT, Soroban keyboard at the bottom - the CPU itself is a large rack out of sight.
	www.mit.edu:8001 /people/ijs/epl/LINC.html (517 words)

	C:\BELLBO~1\COMPUT~1\HTMFILES\00000237.HTM
		A special mode, the Three Cycle Data Break (described in Chapter 6), allows a controller to request the next word from a block in memory.
		The DECtape was derived from M.I.T.'s Lincoln Laboratory LINCtape unit, as indicated in Chapter 7.
		Data was explicitly addressed by blocks (variable but by convention 128 words).
	research.microsoft.com /~gbell/Computer_Engineering/00000237.htm (633 words)

	DEC LINC-8
		The LINC had its own file system, called LINCtape, the forerunner of the small floppy disk, which only became more widely available almost 10 years later, in 1971.
		When the system's designer, Tom Stockebrand, came to Digital from Lincoln Laboratory, he made changes to LINCtape, which was renamed DECtape.
		It was a great improvement over existing tape systems, which often had to be rewound several times and sometimes destroyed data.
	ed-thelen.org /comp-hist/vs-dec-linc-8.html (458 words)

	Corestore collection: pdp-12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The current status of the system is 'faulty' - it worked ok when I got it and for some time afterwards, but then it went down bit by bit...
		first the terminal control, then the LINCtape control, then it failed totally, getting hung with the run light on if you use any of the major console switches - exam, dep etc. Probably something fundamental like missing volts to memory...
		the LINCtape controller is a complex state machine of some notoriety, the cpu and backplane are a rat's nest...
	www.corestore.org /12.htm (600 words)

	What is a LINC-8? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The X and Y axis control for the scope came from DACs attached to the LINC's AC and MB registers, respectively.
		Expandability: In addition to standard PDP-8 peripherals, up to 3 additional pairs of LINCtape drives could be added, for a total of 8 drives.
		The design of the type 555 dual DECtape transport was based on that of the LINCtape drive.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/dec-faq/pdp8-models/section-3.html (278 words)

	Another Real Machine: The Strela
		Another interesting feature the Strela had was that its magnetic tape was divided into zones in which up to 2,048 numbers could be written; the tape could be advanced to any zone, and writing data into that zone did not affect what came after it on the tape.
		Thus, like DECtape and LINCtape, it used magnetic tape to perform the kind of function we normally associate with disks.
		Doing so, though, was beyond the state of the art during that computer's lifetime.
	www.quadibloc.com /comp/cp0308.htm (548 words)

	LINCtape - OneLook Dictionary Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		We found 3 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word LINCtape:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "LINCtape" is defined.
		LINCtape : Free On-line Dictionary of Computing [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /cgi-bin/cgiwrap/bware/dofind.cgi?word=LINCtape (77 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		LINCtape was developed by Tom Stockebrand for the MIT Lincoln Laboratory LINC computer.
		It used 3/4 inch magnetic tape on small reels.
		Al Kossow has scanned a Type 555 DECtape Drive brochure.
	pdp-1.org /Wiki/DECtape/src (94 words)

	PDP-12
		With regards to the direction of writing on tape, this was actually not something the PDP-12 can "choose" without modifying the hardware significantly.
		A PDP-12 is always designed to read LINCtape.
		Later versions of the PDP-8 OSes understood this and "fudged" it in software to allow DECtape compatibility (the only real difference was writing direction), but the PDP-12 can never read DECtape without the software understanding the 12.
	www.ed-thelen.org /comp-hist/pdp-12.html (511 words)

	The Restoration Has Begun
		As of this writing - early August, 2006 - I've just started the restoration process, documenting the hardware and preparing to restore the power supply capacitors.
		What challenges await after that have yet to be seen, though I suspect the LINCtape drives will provide some interesting diversions.
		It will likely be several months before this computer is capable of playing SPACEWAR.
	flyingmoose.org /pdp-12.htm (253 words)

	OS/8 Software Support Manual (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Similarly, LINCtapes are formatted with 129 (or 128) words per block but never 256, as this format is unacceptable to OS/8.
		If the device is block oriented (such as DECtape, LINCtape, or Disk), then the handler transfers data directly with no alteration.
		However, if the device is character oriented (such as a paper tape reader, Teletype, or line printer), the handler is required to pack characters into the buffer on input and unpack them on output.
	anachronda.homeunix.com:8000 /~rivie/os8/ssm/ssm.htm (17639 words)

	Jim's Computer Garage (museum) - Historical Items
		The first three on the top row show the changes in the labeling over the years, while the reel with the green label is a 'LINCtape'.
		Identical in nearly all respects to the DECtapes, the 'LINCtape' was used on the LINC variants of the PDP line and the LINCtape drives ran in the opposite direction from the DECtape drives.
		On the lower row is a tape from a PDP based typesetting system, and the other tape is a 'Scotch' (3M) branded tape.
	www.rdrop.com /~jimw/j-hist.shtml (2571 words)

	The Computer Age
		The drive takes about 30 seconds to get from one end of the tape to the other.
		The DECtape is derived from the LINCtape on the LINC-8.
		The operation of this drive is a little different than many other reel-reel tape drives.
	www.moah.org /exhibits/archives/brains/computerage.html (4346 words)

	Bin's On-Line Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		From Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (00Mar29) :
		LINCtape <storage> A formatted, block-oriented, high-reliability, random access tape system used on the Laboratory Instrument Computer.
		An independent company, Computer Operations[?], built LINCtape drives for use in nuclear submarines.
	language.bin.org /ref/dict/?t=LINCtape (167 words)

	It Shares an Application With Chromium Dioxide
		The timing track had a transition in the middle of each bit area, and the mark track had alternating groups of three zeroes and three ones.
		Since LINCtape, the ancestor of DECtape, originated when half-inch wide tape still only had seven tracks on it, rather than nine, both were on 3/4" wide tape.
		Although it did not attempt to provide random access to blocks on the tape, the KDF9 computer also used 3/4" wide tape with duplication of tracks.
	www.quadibloc.com /comp/tapeint.htm (4876 words)

	Doug Jones's DEC PDP-8 Collection
		It is mounted in a full height DEC rack with a trim panel on top in PDP-8 colors.
		The 4K core set came from Michael L. Ardai, who found it in a junk pile.
		The paper-tape hardware is from the Rockwell International Corporate Surplus Store in Cedar Rapids Iowa, and the LincTape II drive is also from Rockwell, which donated it, along with a Data General Nova to the University of Iowa, where it sat unused for at least 10 years prior to being discarded.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/pdp8/collection (772 words)

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