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	Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD)
		LURD was formed in 1999 by Liberian refugees in West Africa led by Sekou Conneh, and is the largest insurgency group in the state.
		LURD was supported by Guinea from the outset, and has received the tacit support of Britain and the United States.
		The leader of LURD is a Mandingo and it is understood that seventy percent (70%) of their forces are of the Mandingo ethnic group.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/lurd.htm (621 words)

	A Look at LURD's Objectives and Goals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		LURD is committed to the principles of national reconciliation and unification, and the ideals of constitutional democracy, such as the respect for fundamental rights.
		LURD was formed in 2000 by Liberian refugees in the West Africa subregion.
		LURD is determined to have Charles Taylor removed from state power so as to halt his constant assault on the constitution, including the abuse of power and the misuse of authority to stifle press freedom and individual rights.
	www.copla.org /aboutlurd.htm (936 words)

	Online NewsHour: Liberia's Uneasy Peace \| Rebel Groups Fighting Taylor's Government \| PBS
		LURD's stated mission is to force Charles Taylor from power and to establish a sustainable democracy in Liberia.
		LURD draws many of its recruits from rebel groups who fought Charles Taylor's forces during the bloody civil war in the 1990s.
		"LURD is determined to have Charles Taylor removed from state power so as to halt his constant assault on the constitution, including the abuse of power and the misuse of authority to stifle press freedom and individual rights," the mission statement reads.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/africa/liberia/rebel_groups.html (842 words)

	TLP: LURD
		A key event in the formation of the LURD was a fire fight between Taylor's forces and former fighters from Roosevelt Johnson’s Krahn-based ULIMO-J faction at Camp Johnson in Monrovia on 18 September 1998.
		LURD spokesmen claim that their strategy of avoiding towns and more pro-government areas like Bong County is driven by a concern to protect civilians.
		LURD wounded are treated free of charge in Guinean military hospitals and until recently were allowed to recuperate in Kissidougou.
	liberian.tripod.com /Post26.html (5464 words)

	Encyclopedia: Charles Taylor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		This group has been frequently accused of grave atrocities, and there is strong evidence that the group is allied with or controlled by the government of neighboring Guinea, which is in turn a regional ally of the United States.
		In early 2003, as LURD was consolidating its control of northern Liberia, a second rebel group, called the Movement for Democracy in Liberia (MODEL) and allegedly backed by the Ivorian government, emerged in southern Liberia and achieved rapid successes.
		Meanwhile, the rebel group LURD initiated a siege of Monrovia, and several bloody battles were fought as Taylor's forces defeated rebel attempts to capture the city.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Charles-Taylor (2643 words)

	"); NewWindow.document.write("IRINnews"); NewWindow.document.write(" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		But many of the LURD fighters queuing up to surrender their weapons there were bitter that 14 years of civil war had left them empty handed.
		Diplomats and LURD insiders say privately that Conneh was only invited to become the nominal leader of the rebel movement when it was formed in 1999 because of his wife’s close connections with the Guinean head of state.
		Although the LURD fighters queuing up to hand in their weapons at Gbarnga had little good to say about their own leaders, they were positive about the UN intervention in Liberia.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=40639&SelectRegion=West_Africa&SelectCountry=LIBERIA (1510 words)

	“The Guns are in the Bushes”: Continuing Abuses in Liberia (Human Rights Watch Briefing Paper, January 2004)
		LURD forces continue to control the northwestern edge of Nimba along the Guinean border, while MODEL forces captured the south-eastern part of the county from their stronghold in Grand Gedeh, which lies to the south.
		LURD retreated from Bushrod Island after their first and second attacks on Monrovia in June, at which point government forces moved into the area and began systematically harassing residents of the area, accusing them of collaboration with LURD forces.
		LURD’s formal three-day denial of humanitarian access to Tubmanburg in late-October was the most blatant example of such obstruction, but LURD’s looting of NGO and U.N. vehicles on October 1 has also contributed to the limited humanitarian presence in parts of the LURD-controlled territory.
	hrw.org /backgrounder/africa/liberia0104.htm (9451 words)

	LIVING UNRELATED DONOR (LURD) IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IS BETTER THAN CADAVER AND SIMILAR TO ONE-HAPLOTYPE LIVING ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		LURD and CD had better PS when CyA was used (87% x 72% and 77% x 64%, p=0,01 and 0,05).
		LURD and CD ten-year GS was also higher when CyA was used (p=0,0003 and 0,01), but was similar in LRD pt.
		LURD and CD GS at 10 years was superior with CyA than without CyA (88% x 68% and 73% x 69%, p=0,0001 and 0,01), but no difference was detect in LRD with or without CyA (p=0,10).
	www.a-s-t.org /library/abstracts99/594.htm (505 words)

	Liberia
		Fighting between government forces and LURD insurgents spread from the border areas towards Monrovia during the first half of the year and culminated in several pitched battles for key towns; however, by October the Government reoccupied most of the country's territory.
		As fighting with the LURD rebels spread and moved south, there were credible reports that government forces, especially the ATU, as well as members of the Lorma ethnic group continued to harass, intimidate, detain, and kill members of the Mandingo ethnic group and other suspected LURD sympathizers (see Section 1.d.).
		During the LURD offensive in May, government troops forcefully conscripted several dozen young men from the streets of Monrovia, took them to military camps where they were armed, and sent them to the battle zone.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18211.htm (10924 words)

	Guerrilla group widely known for horrific crimes, tactics - The Washington Times: World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Liberian LURD rebels, a band of several thousand guerrillas known for kidnapping, torture, and rape of women and girls, reached a long-sought goal yesterday when President Charles Taylor stepped down and fled into exile.
		LURD was founded in 1999 in Guinea, which shares the northern border with Liberia.
		LURD was formed to drive the Sierra Leone rebels back into their own country and to defeat Mr.
	www.washtimes.com /world/20030811-112158-2460r.htm (805 words)

	Liberia
		LURD forces reportedly abducted Liberian refugees in Sierra Leone and forced them to haul loads of weapons and goods under threat of injury or death.
		Fighting between the Government and LURD intensified during the year, and was exacerbated by the emergence of a second insurgency, MODEL, during the early part of the year.
		LURD, which was employing mortars in its combat against government forces, denied the attacks and blamed them on government forces stationed in the nearby Ducor Hotel.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27735.htm (10306 words)

	T. Q. Harris Becomes a LURD? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Acts of violence perpetrated against civilians -men, women, children and the elderly-- were never authorized or condoned by LURD and done by people acting on their own or by Charles Taylor's militias.
		At the moment, LURD forces are in control of approximately 70 percent of the country and we have the capacity to capture Monrovia at will.
		LURD is now a resistance force headed solely by its military leaders; there are no civilians in its ranks.
	www.theperspective.org /tqharris_lurd.html (499 words)

	SECRET KILLINGS IN LURD-CONTROLLED AREAS - on saharavillage.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Reports from LURD rebel land in Totota, 80 miles north of the capital, Monrovia confirmed the execution of a Liberian man, Musa Turay of the Mandingo ethnic group.
		Family sources in Monrovia said a LURD commander known as "Red" sent few of his bodyguards to Monrovia, where the unarmed rebels met with Musa at his resident.
		Recently, LURD fighters were also involved in the abduction and subsequent killing of an 18-yr old Abraham Sheriff of Bilimah, Monrovia.
	www.saharavillage.com /news/news-lib-110303.htm?tmpl=story&cid=515&ncid=723&e=4&u=/ap/20031029/ap_on_re_af/liberia_guarding_the_gate (503 words)

	Veteran Military Expert on Setbacks, Elections and Al-Qaeda Cell in Monrovia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		We are happy that it has now become a matter of common sense to aid LURD to destroy this war machine and start to reconstruct a foundation for real democracy in Africa's oldest republic.
		The next few weeks will see activities that will be spearheaded by LURD on the east coast of America aimed at developing a consensus among leaders from the civil society and credible political groupings and opponents of the Taylor regime.
		LURD has a two-tiered organizational structure: a military arm to speak to Taylor in the only language he understands, and a political campaign to establish the rule of law when Taylor is gone.
	www.copla.org /lurd123102.htm (1070 words)

	Debunking the Mystery of 'LURD' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Just like LURD has demonstrated, they are not united, have no clue what reconciliation is and wouldn't recognize democracy if it bit them in the face.
		The name and acronym MODEL is already being used by a respectable group that is actually living up to the meaning of the name; they are in the business of educating their fellow citizens to prepare for elections and other related democratic issues.
		The message to LURD and MODEL is simple: Stop terrorizing defenseless citizens in the countryside and stop raping nurses and other defenseless women.
	www.theperspective.org /debunkinglurd.html (864 words)

	LURD leader drops demand for Bryant to go
		Conneh, whose own leadership of LURD is challenged by a faction supporting his estranged wife, told IRIN in an interview that he did not have any "personal problem" with Bryant as leader of Liberia's broad-based transitional government.
		Political analysts familiar with LURD say it was largely because of Aisha's close connections with the Guinean leader that Conneh was made chairman of LURD in the first place.
		LURD sources said Aisha Conneh fell out with her husband after he appointed Luisini Kamara, a brother of his first wife, as finance minister in the transitional government.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/news/2004/02/mil-040205-irin07.htm (1032 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Profile: Liberia's rebels
		And it is clear that history is repeating itself, for many Lurd fighters and leaders are former enemies of Mr Taylor from the 1990s civil war, which his 1997 election was supposed to have brought to an end.
		Lurd is dominated by members of the Mandingo ethnic group, who also formed most of the Ulimo-K faction during the 1990s.
		Lurd's vice-president is Chayee Doe, younger brother of former President Samuel Doe, who was tortured to death in 1990, by a splinter group of Mr Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/2979586.stm (611 words)

	The Liberian Mandingo Association of New York
		LURD demands Charles Taylor and his government’s immediate departure for the restoration of sanity, humanitarian services and in avoidance of further bloodshed.
		LURD comprises the sixteen ethnicities of Liberia, therefore it is inconceivable for one to talk about who heads the organization and from which tribe.
		LURD leadership was demcratically elected on a "one man, one vote" basis where the corps of leaders were put into offices.To insinuate then that because the National Chairman is a Mandingo does not augur well for the Liberian people's struggle for a unified and democratic Liberia.
	limany.org /lurd.html (2600 words)

	LURD leader hands over heavy weapons, supports disarmament
		Three anti-aircraft guns with 40 boxes of anti-aircraft missiles, were part of the cache Conneh proudly presented to peacekeepers in the LURD stronghold of Tubmanburg, 60 km north of the capital Monrovia.
		LURD Secretary General Joe Gbalah told IRIN that before March 10, the rebel faction would hand over more arms in Voinjama, in Lofa county in northwestern Liberia.
		Lofa County is where LURD (Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy) launched its rebellion against former president Charles Taylor in 1999.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/news/2004/02/mil-040209-irin03.htm (606 words)

	Renal transplantation in Iran -- Ghods 17 (2): 222 -- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
		LURD renal transplantation programme was adopted in 1988 [4].
		of the nursing staff—evaluates all LRDs and LURDs to ascertain
		LURD transplants were 87.1%, 64.2%, and 43.7% at one, 5 and
	ndt.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/17/2/222 (3390 words)

	Liberia. In: Amnesty International Report 2003
		LURD forces operated from and were supported by Guinea, although this was denied by the Guinean government.
		After driving LURD forces from an area, civilians suspected of supporting the LURD were beaten, tortured or killed.
		The charge was based solely on a widely available LURD document which he was alleged to have received by e-mail.
	www.amnestyusa.org /countries/liberia/document.do?id=DC11F5F4E7EE0B3E80256D24003793D2 (2186 words)

	Liberia: No impunity for rape - A Crime against Humanity and a War Crime - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		She was in the refugee camp known as VOA in Montserrado County when both former government and LURD forces attacked the camp in June 2003.
		Their villages had been first attacked and looted by LURD forces in August and September 2003 and then, as they fled, their remaining possessions were taken by former government forces based around Sanoyie.
		B.D., aged 18, from Bomi County, was captured by LURD forces in February 2003 and forced to become the "wife" of a LURD combatant.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/engafr340172004 (15108 words)

	About LURD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		LURD s'est engagé aux principes de réconciliation nationale et unification, et les idéaux de démocratie constitutionnelle tel que le respect pour les droits fondamentaux.
		LURD a été formé en 2000 par les réfugiés Libériens en l'Afrique Ouest obtenez une avance la région.
		LURD est déterminé avoir Charles Taylor enlevé de pouvoir de l'état donc comme faire halte son assaut constant sur la constitution, y compris l'abus de pouvoir et le mauvais emploi d'autorité étouffer de la liberté de la presse et des droits de l'individu.
	www.copla.org /aboutlurdfrench.htm (911 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Travelling with Liberia's rebels
		There have been periods when Lurd have requisitioned food supplies and made life very difficult for the civilian population by stretching very scarce resources.
		If there was a Lurd occupation of Monrovia, and if they found themselves holding executive power, the national chairman has told me that they would constitute a convention immediately.
		Lurd itself claims that it is funded by Liberians living in the Diaspora.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/3052734.stm (548 words)

	ReliefWeb » Document Preview » Liberia: LURD blocks UN deployment to Tubmanburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		On Thursday, LURD forces stopped a column of armoured cars carrying 270 Pakistani peacekeepers from crossing the Po River bridge 17 km northwest of Monrovia on the road to Tubmanburg.
		Even then, he said, LURD would only the blue helmets in on condition that "cantonment sites are identified and established for the disarmament of fighters in their controlled territories".
		LURD's continuing obduracy is a further setback for UNMIL, whose attempts to start disarming all three warring factions in Liberia have been hampered by a lack of troops on the ground.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/rwb.nsf/AllDocsByUNID/a75f3810f5b6402485256e08006695fc (984 words)

	Liberating Liberia Charles Taylor and the rebels who unseated him - Paper 82, November 2003
		The LURD pulled back in the first days of July, after the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) agreed to send peacekeepers, but made a final push into the city beginning from 17 July, when they took the whole of Bush Rod Island and consolidated their hold on the port.
		The LURD advance, and particularly their seizure of the port, further exacerbated the government’s desperate military situation by cutting off supplies of food and fuel.
		The LURD rebels were also much better armed than government troops and were responsible for most of the mortar attacks—and as a result most of the civilian casualties—though like the government troops they lacked training and were often unable to use many of their weapons.
	www.iss.co.za /pubs/papers/82/Paper82.html (8007 words)

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