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	X. The Organs of the Senses and the Common Integument. 1d. 4. The Internal Ear or Labyrinth. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy ...
		It is called the labyrinth, from the complexity of its shape, and consists of two parts: the osseous labyrinth, a series of cavities within the petrous part of the temporal bone, and the membranous labyrinth, a series of communicating membranous sacs and ducts, contained within the bony cavities.
		On the inner side of the inner rods is a single row of hair cells, and on the outer side of the outer rods three or four rows of similar cells, together with certain supporting cells termed the cells of Deiters and Hensen.
		—The arteries of the labyrinth are the internal auditory, from the basilar, and the stylomastoid, from the posterior auricular.
	www.bartleby.com /107/232.html (4443 words)

	eMedicine - Inner Ear, Labyrinthitis : Article Excerpt by: Mark E Boston, MD
		Background: Labyrinthitis is an inflammatory disorder of the inner ear or labyrinth.
		The labyrinth lies within the petrous portion of the temporal bone adjacent to the mastoid cavity and connects with the middle ear at the oval and round windows.
		Viral labyrinthitis is often confused with vestibular neuritis, and the terms are occasionally used interchangeably in the literature.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/byname/inner-ear-labyrinthitis.htm (606 words)

	Ear - RxWiki
		The inner ear is hollow, embedded in the temporal bone, the densest bone of the body.
		Ear wax (medical name - cerumen) is produced by glands in the skin of the outer portion of the ear canal.
		Template:Inner ear map The inner ear includes both the organ of hearing (the cochlea) and a sense organ that is attuned to the effects of both gravity and motion (labyrinth or vestibular apparatus).
	www.rxwiki.com /~medicati/index.php?title=Ear (2510 words)

	Ear InfoSite - Dizziness from A to Z
		The sensory organ of the ear that is receptive to inertia and gravity(both of which are expressions of linear acceleration).
		Relating to the portion of the inner ear, and its central neural pathways, involved in the sense of spatial orientation.
		The vestibule of the ear is the central part of the inner ear cavity, between the cochlea and semicircular canals.
	www.earinfosite.org /atoz.htm (4369 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Labyrinth (inner ear)
		The labyrinth is a system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system which provides the sense of balance.
		The vestibule is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ).
		Labyrinthitis can be caused by viral infections, bacterial infections, physical blockage of the inner ear, or due to decompression sickness.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Labyrinth_%28inner_ear%29 (278 words)

	* Inner ear diseases
		The low level laser therapy of inner ear diseases has been made use of in Germany since the end of the eighties (for example by Dr. Uwe Witt, Hamburg) and is also to be found in quite a few other countries (Italy, France, Scandinavia, Switzerland, Hungary, the United States of America, Russia etc.).
		Since 1991, about 800 inner ear patients have been treated with low level laser light under the medical and scientifical supervision of me. The therapy results have been (and still are) continuously documented and analyzed.
		Coarsenings of the tiny hairses of sens organs as a reflex of the inner ear cell e.g.
	www.dr-wilden.de /en_info/31.html (891 words)

	How The Ear Works - With Pictures
		Inner hairs attached to the basilar membrane convert the waves into electrical impulses that are transmitted to the brain by the auditory nerve.
		Both the inner and outer hair fibers are all connected to the auditory nerve through the basilar membrane and, depending on the nature of the movements in the cochlear fluid, different hair fibers are put into motion.
		From the vibrating ear drum, and in sequence, the malleus (hammer), the incus (anvil), and the stapes (stirrup), vibrate and transfer the vibrations to the oval window of the inner ear.
	www.hearingaidcentral.com /howtheearworks.asp (4048 words)

	American Institute of Balance - www.dizzy.com
		The disorder is related to an abnormality in the association of the otoconia to the cupula within the membranous labyrinth resulting in abnormal responses to endolymphatic movement with head motion.
		Labyrinthitis is an inflammatory process occurring within the membranous labyrinth which may have a bacterial or viral etiology.
		A malfunction of the inner ear affecting the cochlea and labyrinth due to increase hydraulic (fluid) pressure.
	www.dizzy.com /script/Dizziness.asp (832 words)

	How Hearing Works
		Part of the ear that contains both the organ of hearing (the cochlea) and the organ of balance (the labyrinth).
		If a part of the outer, middle, or inner ear is damaged or missing, a person can have hearing loss.
		Middle Ear: The sound moves the eardrum and three tiny bones, sending the sound to the inner ear.
	www.hearinglosseducation.com /Hearing/114.asp (670 words)

	Inner Ear (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The "osseous labyrinth" is a bony canal in the temporal bone; the "membranous labyrinth" lies within the osseous one and has a similar shape.
		Between the two labyrinths is a fluid that is secreted by cells in the wall of the bony canal.
		The parts of the labyrinths of the inner ear include a "cochlea" that function in hearing, and three semicircular canals that function in providing a sense of equilibrium.
	www.innerbody.com /text/nerv129.html (121 words)

	Mind Body Spirit Canada : Home
		The vibrations of the eardrum, which reacts like the membrane of a loud speaker, are transmitted to the chain of ossicles and thus echo up to the oval window, a threshold of the inner ear.
		Ear Ache -is when tissue towards the inner ear swells at the Eustachian tube, preventing proper draining.
		A sensation of release and lightness occurs, mainly in the ears and the head.
	www.mindbodyspiritcanada.com /ear.php (1225 words)

	ear
		The ear may be divided up into three regions, the inner ear, the middle ear, and the outer ear.
		The outer ear is solely composed of the ear canal, the external auditory canal, and the pinna.
		When the maculae turn, the gel in the inner ear is pulled, resulting in an impulse to the vestibular nerve, which notifies the brain of the change of position.
	library.thinkquest.org /11965/html/cyber-anatomy_ear.html (398 words)

	Inner Ear Infections
		Inner ear infections (otitis interna) or labyrinthitis, are almost always caused by viruses, and sometimes happen as a complication of a middle ear infection.
		When the inner ear is infected, fluid builds up in the vestibular labyrinth causing you to have problems with balance.
		In addition, because the inner ear can't function properly when it is infected, the signals it sends to the brain aren't quite right.
	www.alexanderent.net /inner-ear-infection.htm (149 words)

	Labyrinthitis - The Inner ear
		Not inner ear related but can cause inner ear damage in some cases and can present similar symptoms to inner ear dysfunction though MAV is generally episodic.
		It is thought to be brain related though the symptoms are often identical to inner ear.
		At this point (beyond the 8 week mark) Labyrinthitis has gone and it is the residuals of the infection - the damage - instead which remains - creating inner ear dysfunction.
	www.labyrinthitis.org.uk /page2.htm (597 words)

	internal ear (inner ear, labyrinth) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Developmental expression of monocarboxylate transporter in the gerbil inner ear.
		Melanin formation in the inner ear is catalyzed by a new tyrosine hydroxylase kinetically and structurally different from tyrosinase.
		Phosphoinositides in the developing inner ear with references to brain, kidney and liver of the mouse.
	www.arclab.org /node_pages/1205.html (276 words)

	Ear: Anatomy of Hearing and Balance - Hearing Loss and communication disorders
		Usually considered part of the middle ear, the eardrum is a thin, flexible membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear.
		A delicate membranous inner ear (labyrinth) is enclosed and protected by a bony chamber that is referred to as the bony labyrinth.
		In contrast, the saccule and utricle are responsible for the detection of straight-line (linear) acceleration and gravity.
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=21685 (1030 words)

	Labyrinth (inner ear) - Information from Reference.com
		The inner ear is the bony labyrinth, a system of passages comprising two...
		of the inner ear for hearing is the membranous labyrinth where the fibers of...
		The structure of the inner ear consists of a membranous labyrinth surrounded by
	dictionary.reference.com /search?q=Labyrinth%20%28inner%20ear%29 (275 words)

	Meniere's Disease
		There are three small bones of hearing (hammer or malleus, anvil or incus, stirrup or stapes) in the middle ear which act as a transformer to transmit the energy of sound vibrations to the inner ear fluids.
		Movement of fluid in the balance portion of the inner ear (vestibule and semicircular canals) results in electrical impulses which are sent through the balance nerve to the brain where they are interpreted as motion.
		An incision is made behind the affected ear and the mastoid air cells are removed to gain exposure to the inner ear.
	www.med.umn.edu /otol/library/menieres.htm (2224 words)

	AUDITORY AND VESTIBULAR PATHWAYS
		The round window serves as a pressure valve, bulging outward as pressure rises in the inner ear.
		The membranous labyrinth is caught between the two, and bounces up and down with all this sloshing.
		There are inner hair cells, which are the auditory receptors, and outer hair cells, which help to "tune" the cochlea, as well as supporting cells.
	thalamus.wustl.edu /course/audvest.html (2465 words)

	eMedicine - Inner Ear, Labyrinthitis : Article by Mark E Boston, MD
		Meningitis and otitis media may be complicated by bacterial labyrinthitis, which can occur by either direct bacterial invasion (suppurative labyrinthitis) or through the passage of bacterial toxins and other inflammatory mediators into the inner ear (serous labyrinthitis).
		Bacterial labyrinthitis is rare in the postantibiotic era, although bacterial meningitis remains a significant cause of hearing loss.
		Inspect the ear canal for otitis externa, otorrhea, or vesicles.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic226.htm (3612 words)

	PATTS - Anatomy of the Ear
		The ear divides anatomically and functionally into three regions: the external ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear.
		Nerve impulses generated in the inner ear travel along the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII), which leads to the brain.
		The perilymph, in turn, transmits the vibrations to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth and, thence, to the hair cells of the organ of Corti.
	webschoolsolutions.com /patts/systems/ear.htm (1013 words)

	inner ear - OmniMedicalSearch.com - inner ear (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A labyrinth is a patterned path, often circular in form, used as a walking meditation or spiritual practice.
		A labyrinth ' s walkway is arranged in such a way that the participant moves back and forth across the circular form through a series of curves, ending at the labyrinths ' s h...
		Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear canals.
	www.omnimedicalsearch.com /sr_inner_ear.html (550 words)

	Medical University Of South Carolina - Health Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An ear disorder involving inflammation (irritation and swelling with presence of extra immune cells) of the canals of the inner ear (semicircular canals, labyrinth), which causes dizziness.
		The cause of labyrinthitis is unknown, but because it commonly occurs following otitis media (ear infection) or an upper respiratory infection (URI), it is thought to be a consequence of viral or bacterial infection.
		It may also follow allergy, cholesteatoma, or the ingestion of certain drugs that are toxic to the inner ear.
	www.muschealth.com /cds/HealthEncy.aspx?id=001054&category=Disease (505 words)

	Ear
		The tympanic membrane (ear drum) is the innermost portion of the outer ear.
		It is a thin double layered membrane that is very sensitive to pain via CN V and CN X. The tympanic membrane transmits vibrations to the malleus in the middle ear.
		It is divided into two portions, the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth.
	www.etsu.edu /cpah/hsci/forsman/webEar.htm (675 words)

	The Ear (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tympanic membrane : the eardrum; boundary between the outer and middle ears.
		Auditory ossicles : the malleus is vibrated by sound waves on the eardrum, which in turn transfers the vibration to the incus, which in turn vibrates the stapes.
		Labyrinth : the inner ear, divided into the perilymph-filled bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth, which floats in the perilymph and is filled with endolymph
	www.xecu.net /kiirenza/anatomy/ear.htm (189 words)

	Ears; Chapter 59 (Med-Surg Nursing)
		A form of hearing loss in which sound passes properly through the outer and middle ear but is distorted by a defect in the inner ear.
		This is an infection of the ________ ear canal.
		If advanced chronic ear disease is left untreated, inner ear and life threatening CNS complications may develop because of erosion of surrounding structures.
	www.faculty.de.gcsu.edu /~sdarby/Fundamentals/Ears.htm (2511 words)

	A Pictorial Guide to the Cochlear Fluids
		As shown in this figure, the inner ear consists of a complex series of tubes, running through the temporal bone of the skull.
		However, unlike other body fluids, such as saliva or lacrymal fluid (tears), the fluids of the inner ear are not secreted and resorbed in volume.
		If the bony capsule of the inner ear is perforated, then perilymph escapes, driven by the hydrostatic pressure of CSF.
	oto.wustl.edu /cochlea/intro1.htm (588 words)

	Untitled Document
		Viral neurolabyrinthitis is due to a viral infection of the inner ear that may cause hearing loss, tinnitus, blurred vision, vertigo or dizziness and imbalance.
		Ototoxicity is ear poisoning due to certain drugs or chemicals which are toxic to the inner ear where the hearing (cochlear) and balance (vestibular) organs are located.
		Post traumatic vertigo may be due to damage to the vestibular (balance) nerve or labyrinth (inner ear) by a haemorrhage or a fracture of the temporal bone (skull), concussion of the labyrinth, or otolith dysfunction where the otoconia (crystals) have been dislodged, with or without concurrent benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo.
	www.dizzinessbalancedisorders.com.au /body.php?pageid=2 (855 words)

	SIU SOM Histology SSB
		It is sandwich of tissues, with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium facing the outer ear, non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium facing the middle ear, and a very thin layer of connective tissue in between.
		Surrounding the membranous labyrinth (i.e., filling the remaining space of the bony labyrinth) is a fluid called perilymph.
		Synapses from the inner hair cells apparently supply most of the sensory information that goes to the brain, while the outer hair cells (the ones which are most readily recognized by light microscopy) have a curious mechanical function (for more, see for example How the Ear Works).
	www.siumed.edu /~dking2/ssb/ear.htm (2143 words)

	Welcome to AJC! \| ajc.com
		An ear disorder involving inflammation of the canals of the inner ear (semicircular canals, labyrinth), resulting in dizziness.
		The cause of labyrinthitis is unknown but since it commonly occurs following otitis media or an upper respiratory infection (URI), it is thought to be a consequence of viral or bacterial infection.
		Risk factors include recent viral illness, respiratory infection, or ear infection; use of prescription or nonprescription drugs (especially aspirin); stress; fatigue; and a history of allergy, smoking, or alcohol consumption.
	www.ajc.com /search/healthfd/shared/health/adam/ency/article/001054.html (179 words)

	Diseased Labyrinth Inner Ear
		Abide Diseased Labyrinth Inner Ear in the school.As some men wear boutonnieres,so to say more important,is their use as friends.I was told a few hours we can
		Underling had to bear his imperial displeasure.No Posted on 4:55 PM Fri, July 13th 2007
		Library furnished with what not only in the most fruitful moments of his Diseased Labyrinth Inner Ear soul.He endeavors to reach a decision.Wearied with his morning pursuit of truth through a maze of conflicting theories
	usuarios.lycos.es /islcfpbe/diseased-labyrinth-inner-ear.html (111 words)

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