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Topic: Lactate dehydrogenase

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LDH

Exudate

Erythrocyte

Hemolysis

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Hemolytic anemia

Clinical chemistry

Monocyte

Cancer

Lactate

Creatine kinase

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Red blood cell

Reticuloendothelial system

Creatine Phosphokinase

	Lactic acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lactate is constantly produced during normal metabolism and exercise but does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal.
		The increased lactate produced can be removed in a number of ways including: oxidation to pyruvate by well-oxygenated muscle cells which is then directly used to fuel the citric acid cycle and conversion to glucose via the Cori cycle in the liver through the process of gluconeogenesis.
		This is because lactate itself is not capable of releasing a proton, and secondly, the acidic form of lactate (lactic acid) cannot be formed under normal circumstances in human tissues.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lactate (961 words)

	Lactate dehydrogenase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme (EC 1.1.1.27) present in a wide variety of organisms, including plants and animals.
		The enzyme is also found in cerebrospinal fluid where high levels of lactate dehydrogenase in cerebrospinal fluid are often associated with bacterial meningitis.
		High levels of the enzyme can also be found in cases of viral meningitis, generally indicating the presence of encephalitis and poor prognosis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lactate_dehydrogenase (493 words)

	Lactate dehydrogenase is not a mitochondrial enzyme in human and mouse vastus lateralis muscle -- Rasmussen et al. 541 ...
		Lactate dehydrogenase is not a mitochondrial enzyme in human and mouse vastus lateralis muscle -- Rasmussen et al.
		Lactate dehydrogenase is not a mitochondrial enzyme in human and mouse vastus lateralis muscle
		The presence of lactate dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle mitochondria was investigated to clarify whether lactate is a possible substrate for mitochondrial respiration.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/abstract/541/2/575 (400 words)

	Isolation and Expression of Lactate Dehydrogenase Genes from Rhizopus oryzae -- Skory 66 (6): 2343 -- Applied and ...
		The ldhA gene encoding the fermentative lactate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli.
		Identification and characterization of a hypoxically induced maize lactate dehydrogenase gene.
		The cDNA sequence of the lactate dehydrogenase A of the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias): corrections to the amino acid sequence and analysis of the phylogeny of vertebrate lactate dehydrogenases.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/6/2343 (4196 words)

	Literature reviews: Summary Niklasson et al. Lactate dehydrogenase and its... Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diagnostics ...
		Lactate dehydrogenase activity in vaginal fluid is elevated in samples from women with vaginal inflammation.
		Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in vaginal fluid in vaginitis/vaginosis cases and in healthy controls.
		The total lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity and the activity of LD isoenzymes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were measured in vaginal lavage and brush samples collected from women with vaginitis/vaginosis and from healthy controls.
	www.who.int /std_diagnostics/literature_reviews/Issue_5/issue5_sum_Niklasson_14.htm (538 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Dehydrogenases are good examples of enzymes involved in metabolism that are more complex than a simple protein like Cytochrome c.
		Lactate dehydrogenase is the enzyme in your muscles involved in anaerobic metabolism which helps keep your muscles working under limited oxygen stress.
		Glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis in your liver and other tissues and also a very important enzyme in photosynthesis in green plants.
	www.bio.mtu.edu /campbell/401lec10p2.html (516 words)

	Role of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidation in the intracellular lactate shuttle -- Brooks et al. ...
		Role of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidation in the intracellular lactate shuttle -- Brooks et al.
		Role of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidation in the intracellular lactate shuttle
		and release lactate because of lesser mitochondrial density.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/3/1129 (4010 words)

	Pfam 20.0 : Ldh_1_C (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		L-lactate dehydrogenases are metabolic enzymes which catalyse the conversion of L-lactate to pyruvate, the last step in anaerobic glycolysis.
		L-lactate dehydrogenase is also found as a lens crystallin in bird and crocodile eyes.
		Structural basis of substrate specificity in malate dehydrogenases: crystal structure of a ternary complex of porcine cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketomalonate and tetrahydoNAD.
	pfam.wustl.edu /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=Ldh_1_C (230 words)

	Lactate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lactate is a 3 carbon intermediary of carbohydrate metabolism which is formed from pyruvate by the reversible action of lactate dehydrogenase.
		The Cori cycle refers to the pathway whereby glycolysis in the muscle produces lactate, which is released into the bloodstream, transported to the liver and converted back to glucose for re-use in the muscle.
		The lactate is rapidly cleared once the muscular activity ceases both by renal and hepatic clearance and by aerobic metabolism in the muscles.
	www.sydpath.stvincents.com.au /tests/Lactate.htm (483 words)

	AllRefer Health - LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase, Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase) - Test/Medical Exams/Tests
		This is a blood test that measures the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
		The enzyme LDH is in many body tissues, especially the heart, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, brain, blood cells, and lungs.
		Lactate is released into the blood and is eventually taken up by the liver.
	health.allrefer.com /health/ldh-info.html (350 words)

	p991004a - Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), markedly elevated. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Title: Markedly elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels are a clue to the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS.
		We therefore evaluated whether markedly increased LDH levels were useful for making a diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis by comparing admission LDH levels for 15 patients with culture-proven disseminated histoplasmosis with those for 30 patients with advanced AIDS who were admitted to the hospital for evaluation of pulmonary infiltrates and fever.
		We conclude that markedly elevated admission LDH levels may be a clinical clue to the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/p991004a.html (245 words)

	Lactate Dehydrogenase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lactate dehydrogenase is an oxidoreductase which catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate.
		It consists of 4 subunits which may be of 2 different types = M and H(»m uscle« and »h eart« formerly known as A and B respectively).
		It may also be used in the determination of lactate (5), pyruvate (6) and various other metabolites.
	www.serva.de /products/knowledge/061100.shtml (215 words)

	[Full text] NAD(H) recycling activity of an engineered bifunctional enzyme galactose dehydrogenase/lactate dehydrogenase
		A chimeric bifunctional enzyme composing of galactose dehydrogenase (galDH; from Pseudomonas fluorescens) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; from Bacillus stearothermophilus) was successfully constructed.
		A chimeric enzyme composing of the two oligomeric enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from Bacillus stearothermophilus [15] is fused in-frame with the galactose dehydrogenase (galDH) from Pseudomonas fluorescens [16] and applied for the production of lactate under continuous recycling of NADH using pyruvate and galactose as substrates.
		The levels of lactate produced in these samples were assayed enzymatically as described by Noll [22].
	www.biolsci.org /v02p0010.htm (3833 words)

	Evolution of Cryptosporidium parvum Lactate Dehydrogenase from Malate Dehydrogenase by a Very Recent Event of Gene ...
		Insights into the molecular relationships between malate and lactate dehydrogenases: structural and biochemical properties of monomeric and dimeric intermediates of a mutant of tetrameric L-[LDH-like] malate dehydrogenase from the halophilic archaeon Haloarcula marismortui.
		From malate dehydrogenase to phenyllactate dehydrogenase: incorporation of unnatural amino acids to generate an improved enzyme-catalyzed activity.
		Tetrameric malate dehydrogenase from a thermophilic Bacillus: cloning, sequence and overexpression of the gene encoding the enzyme and isolation and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/21/3/489 (4977 words)

	Conversion of Lactobacillus pentosus D-Lactate Dehydrogenase to a D-Hydroxyisocaproate Dehydrogenase through a Single ...
		dehydrogenases (2, 4, 10, 13, 14, 21, 25, 26, 29, 32, 33) but
		A single amino acid substitution deregulates a bacterial lactate dehydrogenase and stabilizes its tetrameric structure.
		Equilibrium binding of nicotinamide nucleotides to lactate dehydrogenases.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/185/16/5023 (2078 words)

	Lactate dehydrogenase expression at the onset of altered loading in rat soleus muscle -- Washington et al. 97 (4): 1424 ...
		Lactate dehydrogenase expression at the onset of altered loading in rat soleus muscle -- Washington et al.
		Structural determinants for post-transcriptional stabilization of lactate dehydrogenase A mRNA by the protein kinase C signal pathway.
		Protein kinase A stimulates binding of multiple proteins to a U-rich domain in the 3'-untranslated region of lactate dehydrogenase A mRNA that is required for the regulation of mRNA stability.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/97/4/1424 (4040 words)

	LDH - Lactate dehydrogenase - The Doctors Lounge(TM)
		Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a ubiquitous enzyme present in both plants and animals.
		It catalyses the reaction between pyruvate and lactate and vice versa, dependent on the abundance of either.
		As it can also dehydrogenate hydroxybutyrate, it is occasionally called Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase (HBD).
	www.thedoctorslounge.net /rheumatology/labs/ldh.htm (374 words)

	References - lactate dehydrogenase - HORT640 - Metabolic Plant Physiology - Department of Horticulture and Landscape ...
		Reversibility of isocitrate dehydrogenase and involvement of ATP-citrate lyase in gluconeogenesis.
		Gokarn RR, Eiteman MA, Altman E 2000 Metabolic analysis of Escherichia coli in the presence and absence of the carboxylating enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate carboxylase.
		Wood JM 1987 Membrane association of proline dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli is redox dependent.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /rhodcv/hort640c/referen/ldh.htm (2114 words)

	Promoter Hypermethylation in Cancer Silences LDHB, Eliminating Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes 1-4 -- Maekawa et al. ...
		Markert CL. Lactate dehydrogenase isozymes: dissociation and recombination of subunits.
		Serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme-1 activity in patients with testicular germ cell tumors correlates with the total number of copies of the short arms of chromosome 12 in the tumor.
		Lactate dehydrogenase in estrogen-responsive human breast cancer cells.
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/49/9/1518 (1680 words)

	Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, and Bacterial Pneumonia - LDH - ) CHEST - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, and Bacterial Pneumonia - LDH -) CHEST - FindArticles
		Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, and Bacterial Pneumonia - LDH -)
		An increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is commonly taken to support the presumptive diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), although the LDH level may also be increased in other lung infections and in a variety of extrapulmonary disorders.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_2_108/ai_53980215 (411 words)

	Epidermal Growth Factor Regulates Glucose Metabolism Through Lactate Dehydrogenase A Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ...
		Mapping of human lactate dehydrogenase-A, -B, and -C genes and their related sequences: the gene for LDH C is located with that for LDH A on chromosome 11.
		Lactate dehydrogenase A subunit messenger RNA stability is synergistically regulated via the protein kinase A and C signal transduction pathways.
		Analysis of the rat lactate dehydrogenase A subunit gene promoter/regulatory region.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/61/4/1139 (4539 words)

	Kinetics of Lactate Dehydrogenase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Individual concentrations should be selected so that the reciprocal values are well spaced and so that the concentrations can be accurately measured from the smallest possible number of different stock concentrations.
		Run the assays using the concentration of lactate dehydrogenase determined in Part A (ΔA/min = ~0.5).
		Calculate the velocities by the method appropriate for the spetrophotometer you are using and record the results in tabular form, expressing lactate concentration in mM and velocities in nmol/min or nmol/min/mg protein.
	www.msstate.edu /dept/Biochemistry/faculty/willeford/4414/lab9.html (447 words)

	Lactate Dehydrogenase Test \| Principal Health News
		Lactate dehydrogenase, also called lactic dehydrogenase, or LDH, is an enzyme found in the cells of many body tissues, including the heart, liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle, brain, red blood cells, and lungs.
		It is responsible for converting muscle lactic acid into pyruvic acid, an essential step in producing cellular energy.
		Lactic dehydrogenase is present in almost all body tissues, so the LDH test is used to detect tissue alterations and as an aid in the diagnosis of heart attack, anemia, and liver disease.
	www.principalhealthnews.com /topic/topic100587064 (573 words)

	Purification of NAD Lactate Dehydrogenase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a metabolic enzyme distributed widely in nature.
		Skeletal muscles are often anaerobic, and so the M form efficiently catalyzes the production of lactate from pyruvate (lactate fermentation, which regenerates NAD).
		If the only substrates added to the reaction are NAD and lactate (or NADH and pyruvate), the change in absorbance at 340 nm should be proportional to the change in NADH concentration due to the LDH activity present in the cuvette.
	www.msstate.edu /dept/Biochemistry/faculty/willeford/4805/exp2intro.html (663 words)

	Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD) Isoenzymes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Rotenberg Z, Weisnberger I, Davidson E, et al, "Atypical Patterns of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes in Acute Myocardial Infarction," Clin Chem, 1988, 349 (6): 1096-8.
		Rotenberg Z, Weinberger I, Davidson E, et al, "Patterns of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes in Serum of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Edema," Clin Chem, 1988, 34(8) 1882-4.
		Von Eyben FE, Blaabjerg O, Petersen PH, et al, "Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme 1 as a Marker of Testicular Germ Cell Tumor," J Urol, 1988, 140(5): 989-90.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/nf10003790.htm (1782 words)

	Worthington Lactate Dehydrogenase, L- (Cytochrome b2)
		Appleby, C., and Morton, R.: Lactic Dehydrogenase and Cytochrome b2 of Bakers' Yeast.
		Nygaard, A.: Lactate Dehydrogenases of Yeast,The Enzymes, 2nd Ed.
		Suzuki, H., and Ogura, Y.: The Kinetic Behavior of the FMN and Protoheme Moieties of Yeast L-(+)-Lactate Dehydrogenase (Cytochrome b2), J Biochem (Tokyo) 67, 277, 1970
	www.worthington-biochem.com /YLDHS (1152 words)

	The Archaeoglobus fulgidus D-Lactate Dehydrogenase Is a Zn2+ Flavoprotein -- Reed and Hartzell 181 (24): 7580 -- The ...
		The Archaeoglobus fulgidus D-Lactate Dehydrogenase Is a Zn2+ Flavoprotein -- Reed and Hartzell 181 (24): 7580 -- The Journal of Bacteriology
		-lactate dehydrogenases (cytochrome) (EC 1.1.2.4.) are poorly understood.
		Garvie, E. Lactic dehydrogenases of strains of the genus Leuconostoc.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/24/7580 (5395 words)

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