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Topic: Lake Saimaa

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	Saimaa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Saimaa, or Saimen in Swedish, is a lake in southeastern Finland.
		At 1,147 square km (443 square miles), it is the largest lake in Finland, and the fifth largest in Europe.
		The Saimaa Canal from Lappeenranta to Vyborg binds Saimaa to the Gulf of Finland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lake_Saimaa (141 words)

	Lake Peipus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Lake Peipus (Estonian: Peipsi järv, Russian: Чудское озеро (Chud Lake), German: Peipussee) is a large lake, on the border between Estonia and Russia in Eastern Europe.
		It is the fourth largest lake in Europe, after Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega in Russia north of St.
		Petersburg, and Lake Vänern in Sweden, followed by Lake Saimaa and Lake Inari in Finland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lake_Peipsi (153 words)

	Finnish Maritime Administration
		The importance of the Saimaa Lake District significantly increased in 1968 when it was reconnected with the Gulf of Finland through the Saimaa Canal, and 4.2m deep channels were dredged in the lake.
		The length of the Finnish section of the Saimaa Canal is 23.3 km.
		The total head from Lake Saimaa to the Gulf of Finland is, on the average, 75.7m, and there are eight locks with heads varying from 5.5 to 12.7m.
	www.fma.fi /e/leisure/canals/saimaa.php (556 words)

	SAIMAA — Finland's largest lake — Virtual Finland
		Saimaa is a labyrinthine watercourse whose waters flow slowly from north to south and finally through its outflow channel, the Vuoksi, southeast over the Russian border into Ladoga, Europe’s largest lake.
		Note: ‘Saimaa’ is used here to refer to the Saimaa basin, the central area of the Saimaa lake system or drainage region, consisting of several interconnected lakes of which Lake Saimaa proper, the principal lake in the system, is one.
		Lake Saimaa, the Saimaa canal and the surrounding countryside in eastern Finland were popular locations for holidays as long ago as the 19th century.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/saimaa/index.html (410 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Saimaa Lake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Saimaa, Lake, south-eastern Finland; about 1,300 sq km (500 sq mi) in area, it drains east through the Vuoksi (Russian, Vuoksa) River into Lake...
		Finland is a country of some 60,000 lakes, the largest of which are the Saimaa, Inari, and Päijänne.
		Lakes are distinguished from bodies of water such as bays and gulfs, and some seas, that...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Saimaa_Lake.html (101 words)

	Lappeenranta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lappeenranta (or Villmanstrand in Swedish) is a city and municipality that resides on the shore of the lake Saimaa in South-Eastern Finland, about 30 km from the Russian border.
		Lappeenranta is known as a summer city, mostly due to its closeness to the lake Saimaa.
		The harbour area, with beautiful lake scenery and cruises to Vyborg and the nearby Saimaa Canal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lappeenranta (289 words)

	Maritime Administration of the Ports o Vyborg ad Vysotsk — Vyborg — Saimaa Canal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Lake Saimaa was connected with the sea in 1968.
		The importance of the waterways of the Saimaa Lake District was significantly enhanced in 1968 when they were again connected with the Gulf of Finland through the Saimaa Canal and when so-called the deep channels were dredged in Lake Saimaa.
		The passage depth permitted in the channel departing for the Saimaa Canal is 4.35 m, calculated from the water level of MW - 0.25 m.
	www.pgf.ru /about_c_6_en.htm (662 words)

	Saimaa Canal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Saimaa Risteilyt Information about cruises and private charters on Lake Saimaa.
		Lake Saimaa - Finland's Largest Lake A tour of the Lake Saimaa area with over 70 photos by photographer Arto Hämäläinen.
		Manchester Bolton and Bury Canal Society Aims are to preserve the line of the canal, initially restore all parts of the canal which remain in water, eventually restore the whole canal to full navigable standard and to foster interest in the canal.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Saimaa_Canal.html (364 words)

	Encyclopedia: Saimaa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A lake is a body of water surrounded by land.
		Map of Scandinavia Lake Ladoga (Russian: Ладожское озеро, Finnish: Laatokka) is the largest lake in Europe, located in Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia (since WWII), near the border to Finland.
		Saimaa Canal (Finnish: Saimaan kanava, Swedish: Saima kanal) is a canal in a system of 120 interconnected lakes in the south-central and south-east part of Finland.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Saimaa (738 words)

	SCS: Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida)
		Recent studies by scientists have concluded that the pollution of Lake Ladoga, caused mainly by increased industrialisation around the Lake, is a serious threat, high levels of mercury being found in the seals and high levels of toxic chemicals in the water.
		Pollution of the lake by toxic chemicals and heavy metals has been a serious problem in the past, but lake pollution levels and concentrations of pollutants in Saimaa seal tissues have both decreased significantly in the last 15-20 years.
		Underwater visibility in Lake Saimaa is very poor due to high concentrations of humus, in some areas visibility being as low as 2m, and the seals tend to feed on fish in total darkness.
	www.pinnipeds.org /species/ringed.htm (3005 words)

	Lake Saimaa -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		Located northeast of Helsinki, Lake Saimaa has an area of 443 sq mi (1,147 sq km) and is the primary lake in the Great Saimaa lake system, the largest in Finland.
		The lake is approximately 60 miles (100 km) long between the town of Nurmes and the village of Uimaharju and ranges from 1 to 25 miles (1.5 to 40 km) in width.
		The lake is irregularly shaped, with Saginaw Bay indenting the coast of Michigan.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9377457 (1025 words)

	Saimaa - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Late Weichselian and Flandrian history of the Saimaa lake complex (Commentationes physico-mathematicae, v.
		The shore-line displacement of southern Lake Saimaa (Acta botanica Fennica)
		Biometrical comparison of four populations of Phoca hispida Schreb;: In the Baltic and White Seas and Lakes Ladoga and Saimaa, (Commentationes biologicae, 31:3)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /saimaa.htm (203 words)

	Lake Ladoga
		The area of the lake is 17,700 km² (approximately 6,800 square miles).
		River Vuoksi from the Saimaa lake in Finland
		The 10th century Valamo Monastery was founded on the island of Valaam (Finnish: Valamo), the largest in Lake Ladoga, desolated 1611-1715, magnificently restored in the 18th century, and finally evacuated to Finland during the Winter War in 1940.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/l/la/lake_ladoga.html (238 words)

	Lake Ladoga -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The area of the lake is (additional info and facts about 17,700) 17,700 (additional info and facts about km²) km² (approximately 6,800 square miles).
		The lake drains into the (An eastern arm of the Baltic Sea; between Finland and Estonia) Gulf of Finland of the (A sea in northern Europe; stronghold of the Russian navy) Baltic Sea via (additional info and facts about river Neva) river Neva.
		The basin of the Ladoga Lake includes about 50,000 lakes and 3,500 revers longer than 10 km.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/la/lake_ladoga.htm (408 words)

	Ringed Seals (Phoca hispida)
		Yablokov, A. Marine mammal-fishery interactions in the Baikal and Ladoga Lakes and in the Caspian and White Seas.
		The Saimaa seal is similar in appearance as the Baltic ringed seal, but a bit smaller and darker in color.
		The main interference of humans with the Saimaa seal consists of disturbance (especially by recreational snowmobiles in winter that disturb the pups), pollution and habitat destruction by development on the shores of Lake Saimaa.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/jaap/ringseal.htm (1453 words)

	South Karelia - Municipalities
		Lake Saimaa in fact both begins and ends at the Port of Lappeenranta and dominates everything that occurs the region.
		Lake Saimaa’s brilliant blue waters account for one third of the entire surface area of the municipality of Joutseno, and at Hinkanranta Beach the delights of the Lake are made all the more exhilarating.
		The magnificent Lake Saimaa, as well as Lake Kuolimojärvi renowned for its clear blue waters and rugged shoreline, are as much part of Suomenniemi as are the ancient pine trees and the silence of the wilderness.
	kuutti.etela-karjala.fi /makuva/en-kunnat.htm (3240 words)

	Saimaa ringed seal — Virtual Finland
		The Saimaa ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis) is a subspecies of the ringed seal and exists only in the Saimaa lake system of eastern Finland.
		At present, Saimaa ringed seals are found in special national parks that have been set up at Linnansaari and Kolovesi in Lake Saimaa.
		Fluctuations in the water level of Lake Saimaa create problems for a mother seal feeding her pup in the lair.
	virtual.finland.fi /netcomm/news/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=25721 (1882 words)

	iktyonomi_joulu2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mikkelis lower part of Lake Saimaa is under of hard fishing pressure and its mean for relaxation use is remarkable.
		In both lakes the currents were measured with the use of flow cross and flow meter.
		The lake's currents promoted the accumulating of effluent into the depth, where some drastic changes in the quality of hypolimnion were measured.
	www.kala.turkuamk.fi /opiskelu/opinnaytetyot/decembergb_2001.html (3497 words)

	the Saimaa maze of lakes - Saimaa lakes, sailing opportunities in Finland
		The coast line of the Saimaa system is 15 thousands kilometers, the maximum depth of the lakes – 82 meters.
		The waters of the Saimaa system travel slowly from north to south, then head south-east through the Vouksi river, cross the border with Russia and end up in the Ladoga lake – the biggest lake in Europe.
		Now the channel has 8 sluices between the lake and the gulf, three of which are located on Finnish territory.
	www.port21.pl /article_1111.html (419 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Saimaa @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		SAIMAA [Saimaa], lake system c.1,850 sq mi (4,790 sq km), occupying the heavily glaciated plateau of S central Finland.
		It comprises more than 120 connecting lakes; the large southern basin of the system constitutes Lake Saimaa proper (c.500 sq mi/1,290 sq km).
		The cities of Joensuu, Kuopio, Lappeenranta, and Mikkeli are on the lakes.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Saimaa&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (158 words)

	Lake Ladoga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The time required for renewal of the water in lake Ladoga is 11 years, which indicates that the ecosystem is rather conservative.
		Lake Ladoga is situated on the borderline between the crystalline Baltic shield and Great Russian Plain, and the geological history of its drainage basin is very complicated.
		Differences in the geological structure of the watershed are reflected in the structure of both shores and depressions of the lake.
	www.spb.org.ru /lake/eng/ladoga.htm (227 words)

	PaperAge News: UPM-Kymmene Kaukas Mill Back to Normal
		Soap was discharged in the Lake Saimaa, which caused turbidity in the lake water.
		This was followed by the release of neutralized fl liquor, which resulted in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), leading to consumption of oxygen from the lake water in the vicinity of the mill and a number of fish to die.
		Lake Saimaa is gradually recovering to a normal, said UPM, and the quality of the water has improved with no permanent damage expected.
	www.paperage.com /2003/news/08_04_2003upm.html (343 words)

	Finnish Maritime Administration
		The canal is 42.9 km long; 23.3 km situated on the Finnish and 19.6 km on the Russian side of the border.
		The head from Lake Saimaa to the Gulf of Finland is, on average, 75.7m and there are eight locks with heads from 5.5 to 12.7m.
		Saimaa VTS is situated in a building by the Lock.
	www.fma.fi /e/leisure/canals/saimaa.php?page=saimaa_kauttakulkuohjeet (397 words)

	Ladoga, Lake on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The largest lake in Europe, it is c.130 mi (210 km) long and c.80 mi (130 km) wide and has a maximum depth of 738 ft (225 m).
		Chief among the many rivers that feed the lake are the Svir, descending from Lake Onega; the Vuoska, which forms the outlet of the Saimaa lake system of Finland; and the Volkhov, coming from Lake Ilmen.
		Until the Finnish-Russian War of 1939-40, the northern part of the lake belonged to Finland; cession of the Finnish shore to the USSR was confirmed by the peace treaty of 1947.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/L/Ladoga-L1.asp (454 words)

	[No title]
		Cross-analysis of the Baltic Sea and the Lake Saimaa, Finland
		The main objectives of the project are to find out appropriate policies for the protection of aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity and to apply the results in environmental protection and in education at different levels.
		Are we spoiling the diversity of Archipelago Sea and Lake Saimaa?
	fibre.utu.fi /proj/12.htm (580 words)

	endangered animals - introduction
		Saimaa ringed seal is the most endangered seal in the world; it lives near extinction here.
		The protection of Saimaa ringed seal began at the beginning of 1980's when the population decreased very quickly because of the contamination of the environment.
		Saimaa zeehond is de meest bedreigde diersoort in de wereld; het is bijna uitgestorven.
	www.tenan.vuurwerk.nl /reports/yliharma/ringseal.htm (471 words)

	Saimaa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		At 1 147 square km (443 square miles) it is the largest lake in Finland and the fifth largest Europe.
		Other canals bind Saimaa to smaller lakes in Finland and form a network of waterways.
		These waterways are mainly used to wood minerals metals pulp and other cargo but also tourists use the waterways.
	www.freeglossary.com /Saimen (232 words)

	Paperloop.com - leading the pulp, paper, packaging and printing industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The COD emissions (loading indicating the chemical oxygen demand) into lake Saimaa have remained below permit conditions since July 5, 2003, so the 75t/d permit condition for the entire month was not exceeded.
		Lake Saimaa is gradually recovering to a normal state.
		Issues related to claims and the current condition of the lake system will be reviewed in a briefing conference arranged for the people from the affected areas on Monday, Aug. 4, 2003 at the Kaukas school.
	www.paperloop.com /db_area/archive/pponews/2003/wk08_04_2003/03.html (555 words)

	Anttolanhovi - Physical Exercise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The beautiful pine forest, the shores of Lake Saimaa and the clean air will definitely get you going.
		Lake Saimaa is superbly suited for canoeing and rowing, and you may like to try a traditional Finnish church boat.
		The nearest slalom centre is 20 kilometres away, and there are two golf courses (one 18- and the other 9-hole) within 20 kilometres of Anttolanhovi.
	www.anttolanhovi.fi /physical (202 words)

	Major Rivers and Lakes (from Russia) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It has an area of 209 square miles (541 square km) and is about 40 miles (65 km) long and up to 8 miles (13 km) wide, with an average depth of 295 feet (90 m) and a maximum depth of 827 feet (252 m).
		The second largest lake in Europe, Lake Onega is in the northwestern part of Russia between Lake Ladoga and the White Sea.
		The lake lies in northern Russia near the Finnish border.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-207540?ct= (934 words)

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