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	Lake Toba - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lake Toba is a large lake, 100 km long and 30 km wide, in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
		In 1949 the Dutch geologist Rein van Bemmelen reported that Lake Toba was surrounded by a layer of ignimbrite rocks, and was a large volcanic caldera.
		Oceanographers discovered Toba ash on the floor of the eastern Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lake_Toba (332 words)

	Toba - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The city of Toba in the Mie prefecture, Japan.
		Lake Toba, a lake in northern Sumatra, Indonesia, and site of a devastating volcanic eruption 75,000 years ago; and the Toba catastrophe theory, according to which modern human evolution was affected by this event.
		Toba, a Java-to-C translator developed in University of Arizona, which supports Java 1.1 and no later versions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Toba (147 words)

	Toba, Sumatra, Indonesia
		Toba caldera produced the largest eruption in the last 2 million years.
		The Young Toba Tuff was erupted from ring fractures that surround most or all of the present-day lake.
		Lake sediments on Samosir indicate at least 1,350 feet (450 m) of uplift.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/southeast_asia/indonesia/toba.html (766 words)

	Lake Toba
		It is the world's largest crater lake and has two major basins and two small ones, remarkable water clarity and great volume of 240 cubic km of deep, blue waters.
		It is the ninth deepest lake in the world with the depth of 529 m and surface area of 1,130 square km.
		Lake Toba and its surroundings are the homestead of the exuberant Batak tribe who inhabited these highlands many millennia ago.
	www.kolumbus.fi /pasi.lehmusluoto/toba.htm (460 words)

	Indonesia Attractions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lake Toba is the largest lake in South East Asia measuring 100km in length; it is also one of the deepest and highest lakes in the world.
		Lake Toba has the island of Samosir situated in the centre of the lake and a regular ferry is available from the mainland to Samosir.
		The week-long Lake Toba Festival is held annually in June, where alongside the song and dance, is the fascinating canoe race held by competing villages.
	www.asia-planet.net /indonesia/lake-toba.htm (375 words)

	Lake Toba
		Lake Toba is a large lake, 100km long and 30km wide, in the middle of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
		The Toba eruption, dated at 75,000 years ago, was the most recent eruption of a "supervolcano." Bill Rose[?] and Craig Chesner[?] of Michigan Technological University deduced that the total amount of erupted material was about 2800km
		There is some evidence, based on mitochondrial DNA, that the human race was reduced to only a few thousand individuals by the Toba eruption.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/la/Lake_Toba.html (306 words)

	Toba, Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lakes often form in depressions caused by glacial erosion (Great Lakes of USA) or by down-dropping of large blocks of the crust (the lakes of East Africa), but such gentle processes didn't cause Lake Toba in Sumatra.
		In 1949 the Dutch geologist van Bemmelen reported that Lake Toba was surrounded by a vast layer of ignimbrite rocks.
		And oceanographers discovered a vast dusting of Toba ash on the floor of the eastern Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/vw_hyperexchange/toba.html (354 words)

	Encyclopedia: Lake Toba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A lake is a body of water surrounded by land.
		Crater Lake, Oregon A caldera is a volcanic feature formed by the collapse of a volcano into itself.
		The Toba eruption (the Toba event) was the largest volcanic eruption on Earth in the last 28 million years.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Lake-Toba (967 words)

	\| Victory News Magazine \| The Volcano That May Destroy Mankind \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Approaching Lake Toba in North Sumatra, one could be forgiven for thinking that the beauty of the lake was heavenly, without thinking of how it was formed.
		According to Rampino's research, Toba blasted a crater 100 kms long and sent 3 billion tonnes of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere and a dense volcanic cloud around the globe.
		Other research indicates that as the cooling of the earth had already commenced and Toba then was the indicating point for the commencement of the ice-age.
	www.victorynewsmagazine.com /TheVolcanoThatMayDestroyMankind.htm (1042 words)

	:: The Indonesia Tourism Database :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The island of Samosir, in the centre of the lake and the lake's eastern shore or the main tourist centre today are all that remain of the volcano's shattered cone.
		Samosir island, the huge, and "island of the dead" in the middle of Lake Toba, is a stark remnant of a second powerful explosion that rocked this volcanic cauldron some 30,000 years ago.
		The rich colour and diversity of North Sumatra cultures are displayed during this festival including the Toba Batak culture, as the hosts of this festival, their culture and traditions are in the forefront of the many performance.
	www.budpar.go.id /marketing/marketmgt/promotion/natural/lake_toba.html (837 words)

	PORMANTIS HOMEPAGE
		Lake Toba is the spectacular sights - a remarkable volcanic crater set in the middle of northern Sumatra, 176 km from Medan.
		The lake is huge (the largest in South-East Asia), occupying the caldera of a giant volcano that collapsed on itself after a massive eruption some 100,000 years ago.
		The lake is surrounded by steep mountains, ridges and sandy, pine-sheltered beaches.
	members.tripod.com /~Simbolon/pormantis (331 words)

	Toba Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		...variously referred to as the Toba caldera, the Toba volcanotectonic depression, the Toba caldera complex, or simply Lake Toba, this huge volcanic center was the source of one of the world's largest known eruptions.
		The source of this huge eruption was the 100 x 30 km, oval-shaped Toba "depression" - a chunk of land that dropped downward when partly molten rock was evacuated from the underlying magma system.
		Often referred to as Earth's largest caldera, Toba is now filled by a lake of the same name.
	www.rpi.edu /~warkd/toba/toba.html (213 words)

	guidething: Lake Toba travel guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lake Toba is on most itineraries of travellers going to Sumatra.
		The lake is set in the caldera of a giant volcano and it's the largest lake of South East Asia.
		This makes Lake Toba a favourite get away for people living in less-than-appealing city of Medan.
	www.guidething.com /asia/southeastasia/indonesia/sumatra/laketoba (210 words)

	Cockatoo Press Online / Indonesia / North Sumatra / Lake Toba - Parapat
		Lake Toba is the heart of Batak country, the largest lake in Southeast Asia with a surface area of about 1,145 sg.
		The town of Parapat is the main tourist resort and lies on the shores of the lake.
		The Batak Toba and Batak Simalungun peoples of Parapat are happy, easygoing people, known for their lively and sentimental love songs.
	www.cockatoo.com /english/indonesia/indonesia_north_sumatra_lake.htm (151 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| SPECIAL REPORT > Laguna Lake threatened by runaway dev’t
		Recent reports have claimed the famous lake and source of livelihood for thousands of families, is biologically dead.
		The fact that the lake and its tributaries are located in the country’s center of urban and industrial development is a big factor.
		“This makes the lake a major supplier of water for the provinces that compose the Cavite-Laguna-Batangas-Rizal-Quezon (Calabarzon) area,” Rivera writes in her paper, which was presented during the National Symposium and Awarding Ceremonies for Outstanding Achievements in Agriculture and Resources Research and Development.
	www.manilatimes.net /others/special/2002/jul/14/20020714spe1.html (1507 words)

	Medan - North Sumatra - Lake Toba - INDONESIA
		The centerpiece of North Sumatra, Lake Toba's bracing climate and magnificent panoramas clear the mind and soothe the soul.
		Formed by a stupendous prehistoric volcanic explosion, the 100 km long lake is the largest is Southeast Asia and one of the deepest and highest in the world.
		Samosir, the large island in the center of the lake, is the home of the Toba batak, considered -at least by the Toba Batak - as the original Batak tribe.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Corridor/8339/medan.htm (1183 words)

	2 Go Lake Toba
		The giant lake sits at an altitude of 800 meters, and is 100 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide.
		The lake is situated in the caldera of the huge Toba volcano which erupted approximately 75,000 years ago.
		The bottom of the volcano rose and formed the island of Samosir which is beautifully situated in the middle of the blue waters of Toba.
	www.2goglobal.com /2GoChronicals/2%20Go%20Photos/Asia/Indonesia/2_go_lake_toba.htm (369 words)

	Worldisround - Lake Toba, sing sing so..... - Lakes in Sumatra photos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lakes in Sumatra - travel photos - LAKE TOBA Lake Toba or commonly referred to as Danau Toba by the locals is one of the...
		Lake Toba or commonly referred to as Danau Toba by the locals is one of the largest crater lakes in the world.
		The hilly road leading to lake Toba is a bit scary but the breath taking scenery at Lake Toba is worth exploring..
	www.worldisround.com /articles/83941 (470 words)

	United Nations Division for Sustainable Development - Success Stories-1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia, and the source of the Asahan River which flows east to Tanjung Balai on the east coast of Sumatra.
		The Lake Toba watershed, which is the world's largest volcanic crater lake, covers about 4,000 square kilometres.
		The Lake Toba Heritage Foundation was established in August 1995 to counter the rapid degradation of the region and to conserve and promote the unique cultural and social heritage of the Batak people.
	www.un.org /esa/sustdev/mgroups/success/watenfed.htm (568 words)

	March Resources @ National Geographic Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Eruptions that leave calderas this big don't happen often (Toba seems to be on a 400,000-year cycle, give or take a hundred thousand or so), but when they do, the effects can be global.
		Toba appears to have ejected some 670 cubic miles (2,790 cubic kilometers) of material, as much as 560 times the amount produced by Mount Pinatubo in 1991.
		The ash and gas from Toba reached 30 miles (50 kilometers) into the stratosphere and shrouded the entire planet.
	magma.nationalgeographic.com /ngm/0503/resources_who.html (543 words)

	Jakarta Post : Environment body slams Lake Toba regreening policy
		Based on information from a survey conducted by the Ministry of Forestry and the Bandung-based Pajajaran University in 1998, from the total 230,000 hectares of land surrounding Lake Toba, some 163,000 hectares were already in a critical condition.
		According to him, the erosion was due to the uncontrolled felling of trees in the lake's catchment area.
		He said that as a follow-up to the regreening campaign, which was launched by President Megawati Soekarnoputri on March 3 in Medan, the province would set up the Lake Toba Ecosystem coordinating board involving the heads of all the five regencies around the lake.
	www.ecologyasia.com /news-archives/2002/mar-02/thejakartapost.com_20020325.F02.htm (490 words)

	Lake Toba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lake Toba is a large, very deep freshwater lake in the highlands of northern Sumatra.
		Lake Toba was my first stop in Indonesia on my 1992/3 trans-Asia trip.
		On the boat to Samosir Island, in the middle of the lake, I met a group of students from Medan city headed to their uncle's house for the Idul Fitri (end of Ramadan) school holiday.
	members.ispwest.com /jwilbrot/LakeToba.htm (146 words)

	The Lake Toba Project.
		It is really worth the trouble to make tourism again a source of income for the many ones, who, some years ago, could have a nice living on this tourism business and to let many ones enjoy this splendid region.
		Lake Toba in North Sumatra, the country of the Batak tribes, is the greatest lake in the world.
		Nature is overwhelming around the lake, There are rough mountains, lovely hills, tropical rainforests, can find, silent beauches and islands to be on your own without any other people in your neighborhood.
	spellonu.tripod.com /travel_magazine/id32.html (301 words)

	UNESCO Water Portal newsletter No. 107: Lakes
		Lake Baikal, situated in south-east Siberia, is the oldest (25 million years) and deepest (1,700 m) lake in the world.
		Lake Malawi has the largest number of fish species of any lake in the world, estimated at more than 500 species, 90% of which are thought to be unique to the lake.
		Living Lakes is an international network whose mission is to enhance the protection, restoration and rehabilitation of lakes, wetlands, other freshwater bodies of the world and their catchment areas.
	www.unesco.org /water/news/newsletter/107.shtml (1655 words)

	TrekEarth \| Lake Toba II Photo
		Lake Toba is the caldera of a dormant volcano that last exploded 75,000 years ago.
		Oh Lake Toba, my colleague that I was with in Melaka told me this was the first place I should visit if I ever go to Sumatra.
		The lake is nicely positioned on the shot, and we have some nice contrast between the lake, relections and the land.
	www.trekearth.com /gallery/Asia/Indonesia/photo134306.htm (804 words)

	Indonesian Retrospective - Lake Toba
		Somosir Island, the island occupying a large proportion of the area of Lake Toba, was created by subsequent upheavals between 30,000 and 75,000 years ago.
		The island has long been a popular tourist destination for tourists, though its popularity has dropped off slightly in recent times, and its popularity is apparent in the islands' culture, which seems to focus entirely on the tourist dollar.
		Lake Toba was very nice, but I think I would have had a better time had we not been taken into the possession of some of the locals who were nice enough, but seemed to be very good at taking our money from us.
	markc.ethereal.net /indonesia/toba.html (834 words)

	Toba Volcano, ch.2 - Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Toba is likely to have been the place where modern Homo sapiens most dangerous and fiercest struggle for survival began.
		Lake Toba is surrounded by two small, active volcanos as well as several updomed areas and hot springs.
		Lake Toba developed its characteristic geography during the last 73,000 years as shown (highly simplified) here.
	www.andaman.org /book/app-r/ch2_today/textr2.htm (795 words)

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