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Topic: Lalande 21185

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	Lalande 21185
		Although Lalande 21185 is almost 200 times dimmer than the Sun, it is among the brightest red dwarfs in the solar neighborhood.
		Moving perpendicular to the galactic plane at a high velocity of 47 km/s, Lalande 21185 appears to belong to the Galaxy’s thick disk population and to be considerably older than the Sun.
		However, their existence has been questioned by researchers who have monitored Lalande 21185 by the radial velocity method and found no evidence of unseen companions.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/L/Lalande21185.html (327 words)

	Extrasolar Planets - Lalande 21185
		Both Lalande 21185 b and c could have been ideal Jovian worlds - were it not for their parent star.
		Lalande 21185 is a Red Dwarf, a cosmic glowworm rather than a bright fire as our own sun.
		But Lalande 21185 c would not be as bright as our own ringed beauty - with a sun 40 times dimmer than ours, this world would more resemble Uranus or Neptune, and nothing more spectacular than a winter snowstorm of frozen methane may be seen on its moons.
	www.exoplaneten.de /lalande/english.html (214 words)

	Mason & Dixon - Thomas Pynchon
		Joseph-Jérôme de Lalande (1732-1807) became director of Paris Observatory in 1795 and produced a catalog of nearly 50,000 star positions.
		Lalande 21185 can be seen on spring evenings glowing like a dim ember at magnitude 7.5 in the hind feet of Ursa Major.
		A friend of Charles Messier and the author of several astronomy textbooks, Lalande was well known in his time not only for his writings but also for his love of publicity.
	www.hyperarts.com /pynchon/mason-dixon/extra/lalande.html (336 words)

	Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de (1732-1807)
		In 1760 Lalande became professor of astronomy in the Collège de France, holding the post for 46 years, and in 1768 was appointed director of the Paris Observatory.
		Lalande’s niece by marriage, Marie-Jeanne de Lalande, lectured on astronomy and worked with Lalande in collaboration with her husband.
		Lalande's Traite d'astronomie (published in three volumes under the title Astronomie in 1792) includes passages that argue in favor of intelligent life throughout the universe.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/L/LalandeJ.html (489 words)

	NewStandard: 6/12/96
		Gatewood estimates, the more distant planet takes about 30 years to circle Lalande 21185, and the nearer one is in a six-year orbit.
		Lalande 21185 is so weak that it can't even be seen with the naked eye, Mr.
		That change in speed is probably due to the gravitational pull of planets orbiting Lalande 21185.
	www.southcoasttoday.com /daily/06-96/06-12-96/a02wn020.htm (669 words)

	* Lalande 21185 - (Astronomy): Definition
		Lalande 21185, a dim red dwarf, may have as many as three Jupiter-class
		Groombridge 1830 and Lalande 21185, both of which require a finder's chart, and 47 Ursae Majoris, which has recently been found to have a planet which could theoretically support water.
		Lalande 21185 is also known as BD+36° 2147.
	en.mimi.hu /astronomy/lalande_21185.html (214 words)

	Lalande 21185
		According to SIMBAD, Lalande 21185 is also considered to be a flare star.
		Gatewood (director of the University of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory) reported the detection of possible planetary companions for Lalande 21185 (Gatewood, 1996).
		Without accounting for infrared heating, the distance from Lalande 21185 where an Earth-type planet could have liquid water on its surface may be centered around 0.074 AU.
	www.solstation.com /stars/la21185.htm (1169 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Use the measured parallax angle and Equation 3 to calculate the distance to Lalande 21185.
		In Figure 13, the Lalande 21185 parallax angle was measured to be 0.39 arc seconds.
		Appendix 4 of Kaufmann and Freedman (1999) reports a known distance to Lalande 21185 of 8.32 ly.
	www.computing.edu.au /~bvk/astronomy/HET603/atlas/html/ve05.html (306 words)

	Lalande (crater) - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Lalande (crater) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lalande (crater) - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Lalande (crater).
		Lalande is a small lunar impact crater that lies in the central part of the visible Moon, on the east edge of Mare Insularum.
		The crater is surrounded by a high-albedo area of ejecta that extends into a ray system with a maximum radius of over 300 kilometers.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Lalande-crater.html (169 words)

	Extrasolar Visions - Lalande 21185 c
		Far away from the dim glow of its parent red dwarf, Lalande 21185 c is a world we know very little about, even for extrasolar planets.
		The moons of Lalande 21185 would be dark, frozen and inert, akin to Pluto and its moon, Charon.
		Above the nearly featureless clouds of Lalande 21185 C, the planet's dark rings and moons orbit in frigid darkness.
	www.jtwinc.com /planettour.asp?PlanetID=35 (252 words)

	Factbook: Outsystem
		Lalande I is barren, but Lalande II has a thick atmosphere much like Earth's, but with a great deal of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses.
		There are indications that Lalande II may have had a complex biosphere at one point, which has since been choked off by the greenhouse effect and later, the cooling of its star.
		Lalande V is very similar to Jupiter in size, and orbits from between 27 and 9 AU.
	www.sunflower.com /~taraqual/mcgod/factbook/outsystem.html (4077 words)

	Extrasolar Visions - Lalande 21185 b
		If Lalande 21185 was a yellow dwarf, then Lalande 21185 b might be orbited by moons with liquid water.
		Lalande 21185 b is more akin to Saturn or Uranus than it's warmer extrasolar cousins.
		Ringed Lalande 21185 B and its moons are dimly lit by its distant red dwarf sun.
	www.jtwinc.com /planettour.asp?PlanetID=34 (242 words)

	Astrobiology Magazine
		The Italian astronomers found three stars with the signature water MASER emissions: Upsilon Andromedae, Epsilon Eridani, and Lalande 21185.
		University of Pittsburgh astronomer George Gatewood analyzed photographic plates taken between 1930 and 1984 that tracked the movement of Lalande 21185.
		Because Lalande 21185 is such a dim star, any worlds orbiting it will be cold and dark, and water could not exist there in a liquid state.
	www.astrobio.net /news/print.php?sid=283 (1174 words)

	Thesis Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lalande 21185, also a thermal emitter, was observed a total of six times using the Morehead Radio Telescope, again with no evidence of narrow-band radio frequency emission.
		A typical observation of Lalande 21185 from the 1999 MRT observation sessions
		Another typical observation of Lalande 21185 from the 2000 observing sessions
	people.morehead-st.edu /students/pm/pjmill01/thesispaper11.html (68 words)

	Planetary Star Systems From Inspirational Writings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lalande 21185 is the fourth system closest to Sol after Alpha Centauri 3, Barnard's Star, and Wolf 359.
		Moving perpendicular to the galactic plane at a fast velocity of 47 km/sec, Lalande 21185 appears to belong to the our Milky Way galaxy's "thick disk," which has a mean thickness of 3,500 ly.
		While probably much older than our own 4.6-billion-year-old Sun, Lalande 21185 is probably less than 10 billion years old.
	www.inspirationalwritings.co.nz /Planetary_Star_Systems.html (1958 words)

	Science News Online - Past Issues - 6/15/96
		If other studies confirm the report, Lalande 21185 would rank as the nearest star to the sun known to have planets.
		Moreover, the orientation and locations of the two proposed planets--both appear to orbit Lalande 21185 in the same plane and to lie relatively far from their parent star--resemble the architecture of our own solar system.
		He reanalyzed the movement of Lalande 21185 recorded on photographic plates taken at the observatory between 1930 and 1984, and he tracked the star's motion from 1988 to the present using a photoelectric detector called MAP (Multichannel Astrometric Photometer).
	www.sciencenews.org /sn_arch/6_15_96/fob2.htm (763 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Lalande 21185 Solar System
		Lalande 21185 Solar System, solar system made up of a small red star and at least three suspected planets orbiting the star.
		Solar System, the Sun and everything that orbits the Sun, including the nine planets and their satellites; the asteroids and comets; and...
		Search for books about your topic, "Lalande 21185 Solar System"
	encarta.msn.com /Lalande_21185_Solar_System.html (216 words)

	Planet?
		When astronomer George Gatewood described the discovery of orbital companions around a small star called Lalande 21185, he seemed to be discussing an old friend.
		Lalande 21185 is red dwarf star (defined), with about one-third of our sun's mass.
		However, Lalande 21185's proximity explains some of the excitement over the discovery, since details about size, orbit, composition, and even possibly the presence of life, are all easier to see in such a nearby system.
	whyfiles.org /017planet/main1.html (630 words)

	Lalande 21185 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lalande 21185 has been discovered to have planets buzzing around it by George D. Gatewood Ph.D, director of the University of Pittsburgh’s Allegheny Observatory.
		This discovery was announced at 188th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Madison Wisconsin.
		Using 60 years of photographic data and 9 years of data from the Multichannel Astrometric Photometer(MAP) at least 2 Jupiter sized, and possibly a third planet is orbiting the red dwarf star Lalande 21185.
	www.extragalacticsystems.com /3ap.org/features/lalande.shtml (206 words)

	Extrasolar Planets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Using photoelectric astrometry Lalande 21185 was studied over a four-year time period for perturbations in the proper motion of the star.
		Lalande 21185 was studied because it is very much like our own sun, is relatively close to us (approximately 2.5 parsecs or 8.25 light years), and has a fast proper motion (4.78 arcseconds/year).
		Gatewood suggests that the companion is between 0.5 to twice the size of Jupiter, revolves around Lalande 21185 between 35 and 50 years, and is approximately 9.5 astronomical units from its sun.
	www.public.asu.edu /~sciref/exoplnt.htm (15809 words)

	Lalande 21185 Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lalande 21185 is an average red dwarf star just over 8 light years away.
		It has been the subject of much interest in recent years as astronomers have detected what may be a planetary system around the star.
		Any Earth-like planet would have to be very close to the parent star to receive sufficient energy necessary for life
	www.frontierastro.co.uk /StarData/Lalande.html (58 words)

	Thesis Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The velocity curve observed for 51 Pegasai's Planet.
		Observed data for Lalande 21185 remains unpublished, but has shown it to have at least two planets, one that has almost twice the mass of Jupiter and another about the same mass of Jupiter.
		Lalande 21185 is a relatively dim star, and given the probability of its two planets being gas giants, much like Jupiter and Saturn, the possibility of terrestrial planets is very likely.
	people.morehead-st.edu /students/pm/pjmill01/thesispaper4.html (213 words)

	Stars within 10 light-years
		Except for Lalande 21185, astronomers believe that Sol and its current nearest neighbors were born close to or within the Milky Way's "thin disk." While Lalande 21185 may be substantially older than Sol, Barnard's Star may be even older, born perhaps as much as 10 or more billion years ago.
		As of early January 2005, astronomers have been able to detect planets in the Solar System and around Lalande 21185 among the nearest 12 stars.
		Other than Sol itself, however, only Alpha Centauri A and B may possibly be capable of hosting Earth-type planets in stable orbits within their respective circumstellar habitable zones (CHZs).
	www.solstation.com /stars/s10ly.htm (450 words)

	APOD: October 19, 1996 - Lalande 21185: The Nearest Planetary System? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		cataloged as Lalande 21185 -- a mere 8 light years distant.
		Lalande 21185's wobble is most likely due to an unseen planet with approximately 90% of the mass of Jupiter and an orbital period of 5.8 years.
		His work also indicates that a second and possibly third planet of similar mass could well be present in the system.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap961019.html (222 words)

	LALANDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Search the LALANDE Family Message Boards at Ancestry.com (if available).
		Search the LALANDE Family Resource Center at RootsWeb.com (if available).
		Find graves of people named LALANDE at Find-a-Grave.com (or add one that you know).
	www.worldhistory.com /surname/US/L/LALANDE.htm (73 words)

	USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education): Hello! Is there anybody out there? - discoveries of other solar ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The locations and orientation of the two sister planets suggest they orbit Lalande 21185 in the same plane and dwell relatively far from their stellar parent.
		In this way, what may be going around Lalande 21185 resembles the structure of our own solar system.
		From old photographs taken of Lalande 21185 at the Allegheny Observatory from 1930 through 1984, Gatewood calculated one planet could orbit the star at 10 times Earth's distance from the sun.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1272/is_n2632_v126/ai_20301220/pg_3 (598 words)

	Astron. Astrophys. 325, 551-558 (1997)
		g., Lalande 21185, Walker 1996) are preferred objects which should be investigated for spectroscopic features.
		In case of the Jupiter-like planet detected around the M2V star Lalande 21185 a linear dimension of 1 AU corresponds to a beam size of
		The data deduced for the planet (0.9 Jupiter masses, 0.35 to 1.35 Jupiter radii, 2 AU distance from star, 5.8 years orbital period) would allow an observation of a possible CO band with a relativly large beam size.
	aa.springer.de /papers/7325002/2300551/sc4.htm (721 words)

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