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Topic: Lancelets

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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata, traditionally known as amphioxus) are a group of primitive chordates.
		In common with the vertebrates, lancelets have a nerve cord running along the back, pharyngeal slits and a tail that runs past the anus.
		The lancelets also have oral cirri, thin tentacle-like strands that hang in front of the mouth and act as sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Cephalochordata (348 words)

	lancelet. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Lancelets are filter feeders and live in shallow marine waters; they can swim through water or wet sand, but are usually found buried in the sand with only the mouth end projecting.
		The lancelet has a dorsal notochord, or stiffening rod, extending from tip to tail, that gives it its characteristic pointed shape.
		Lancelets are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Cephalochordata.
	www.bartleby.com /65/la/lancelet.html (290 words)

	CarlZimmer.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		The lancelet doesn't have a true neural crest, but it does have cells in the same position as neural crest cells, and they express some of the same genes that neural crest cells express before they begin to migrate.
		Lacalli goes even further, claiming that clusters of neurons in the lancelet brain seem to perform the same functions as their vertebrate counterparts--even though in the lancelet these clusters may be made up of only a handful of neurons.
		Lacalli has found lancelet neurons whose structure and organization resemble those of vertebrate limbic neurons and that are located in the corresponding parts of the midbrain and forebrain.
	www.carlzimmer.com /articles/2000/articles_2000_6.html (3380 words)

	Olympus Microscopy Resource Center: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Differential Interference Contrast Image ...
		The lancelet, or amphioxus, is a diminutive marine organism that is similar in appearance to an eel.
		Though capable of swimming, lancelets typically remain buried in the sand or mud that lines the ocean floors.
		Lancelets breed multiple times each year in tropical regions of the world, but only once in temperate zones.
	www.olympusmicro.com /primer/techniques/dic/dicgallery/amphioxuspharynxsmall.html (248 words)

	Lancelets - Medicow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		The lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata, and traditionally known as the amphioxus) are a group of primitive chordates.
		The lancelets, as animals in this subphylum are known, have a mouth in the head end of the body, gill slits in the pharynx region, a dorsal nerve cord contained inside a notochord, and a tail that extends past the anus.
		Known as lancelets or as amphioxus (from the Greek for "both [ends] pointed," in reference to their shape), cephalochordates are small, eel-like, unprepossessing animals that spend much of their time buried in sand.
	www.medicow.com /topics/Lancelet (1996 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia- lancelet - AOL Research & Learn
		Lancelets are filter feeders and live in shallow marine waters; they can swim through water or wet sand, but are usually found buried in the sand with only the mouth end projecting.
		The lancelet has a dorsal notochord, or stiffening rod, extending from tip to tail, that gives it its characteristic pointed shape.
		Lancelets are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Cephalochordata.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/lancelet/20051206193409990014 (278 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pikaia
		Based on the obvious and regular segmentation of the body, Walcott classified it as a Polychaete worm.
		It resembles a living chordate commonly known as the lancelet.
		Families Asymmetronidae Branchiostomidae The lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata, and traditionally known as the amphioxus) are a group of primitive chordates.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pikaia (523 words)

	Cephalochordates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		Lancelets are common bottom-dwelling forms that possess all four chordate characteristics (a notochord, dorsal tail, etc; Fig 1).
		Although lancelets are most often seen in their burrows, they can swim and posses several adaptations for their active lifestyle.
		Fresh lancelets are tasty in soup (cook slowly for 30 min; add lots of cayenne pepper, some onion and garlic powder, green onion, kimchi, ramin noodles, and maybe a few shrimp).
	cas.bellarmine.edu /tietjen/images/cephalochordates.htm (281 words)

	Chapter 34 - Vertebrates — HCC Southwest College Learning Web
		Lancelets are suspension feeders, feeding by trapping tiny particles on mucous nets secreted across the pharyngeal slits.
		In lancelets, the pharynx and gill slits are feeding structures and play only a minor role in respiration, which primarily occurs across the external body surface.
		Unlike the pharyngeal slits of lancelets, which are used primarily for suspension feeding, gill slits are associated with muscles and nerves that allow water to be pumped through the slits.
	learning.swc.hccs.edu /members/gladys.gurrala/notes/chapter34 (4615 words)

	Lancelets. In: Marine Biodiversity - An Introduction. Author: Peter Dyrynda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		Lancelets are of scientific interest because of their primitive chordate characteristics.
		Lancelets are very agile burrowers that occur on the lower shore and in the subtidal zone.
		Lancelets are harvested commercially by Chinese fishermen on coasts of the Yellow Sea.
	www.solaster-mb.org /mb/amphioxidae.htm (289 words)

	Biology of chordates video guide shows vertebrate evolution.
		The lancelet has a strong supportive notochord, and angled muscles along the body used for brief periods of swimming, such as when the animal is dislodged from the sand.
		Although better swimmers than lancelets, they lack the jaws, paired fins and gill covers of true fishes, having instead no jaws, a fin-like flap of skin along the body, and only simple pore openings for the gill chamber.
		Living chordates, such as sea squirts, larvaceans, lancelets, hagfish, sharks, bony fish, salamanders, turtles, snakes, birds, and mammals all reflect descent from a common ancestor with the four chordate characteristics: notochord, dorsal nerve cord, post anal tail and pharyngeal gill.
	ebiomedia.com /prod/BOchordates.html (1592 words)

	M18.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		Sometimes considered a subphylum of the Chordata, the Cephalochordates are composed of about 22 species of small fish-like organisms commonly called lancelets.
		Lancelets live mostly in shallow marine waters in tropical and subtropical areas, however, some species extend into temperate seas as far north as Norway and as far south as New Zealand.
		Present day lancelets, such as Branchiostoma sp., bury in sand where they draw in water through their mouth and filter out small organisms for food.
	www.meer.org /M18.htm (166 words)

	Large Number Of Ancient Fish Species Discovered In South China Sea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		The first group of about 30 lancelets were discovered in April 2002 when the local marine and piscatorial staff were making an investigation at the sea area off the Fangji Island.
		In August 2003, led by Zhanjiang University of Oceanology, an investigation team began to set observation spots in the sea area and discovered that the largest distribution density of the lancelets is 573 heads per square meter.
		Named as "living fossils", the lancelets are of great value to the research on the evolution of animals and human beings.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /fish/InNews/ancientfish2004.html (261 words)

	Chordata
		Lancelets are small, fishlike animals with tapered bodies.
		Lancelets display all four of the vertebrate characteristics throughout their lives and do not possess metamorphosis.
		When Vertebrates evolved, the single, continuous notochord was replaced by a column of separate, hardened vertebrae, parts of which became modified near the head to form jaws.
	www.mercy.edu /faculty/knizeski/chordata.html (610 words)

	Read doi:10.1038/nature04336 - postgenomic.com
		Lancelets, or Branchiostoma, or amphioxus, (seen in the header of this site) are almost iconic in their status as the protovertebrate.
		Lancelets have a notochord (a firm rod of tissue that underlies the dorsal hollow nerve chord -- one of the unique features that unites chordates, the group that includes tunicates, lancelets, and vertebrates), an elongate row of gill slits, and segmented muscle blocks.
		This is not the first analysis to cast doubt on the status of lancelets, and certainly won't be the last.
	www.ghastlyfop.com /paper.php?doi=10.1038/nature04336 (1261 words)

	CEPHALOCHORDATA Articles Asymmetronidae BranchiostomidaeThe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		In common with the vertebrates, lancelets have a nerve cord running along the back, pharyngeal gill slits and a tail that runs past the anus.
		Unlike the vertebrates, however, the dorsal nerve cord is not protected by bone, but a rather simpler notochord made up of a cylinder of cells that are closely-packed to form a toughened rod.
		The lancelets also have oral cirri, thin tentacle-like strands that hang in front of the mouth and act as sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body.
	www.amazines.com /Cephalochordata_related.html (549 words)

	lancelets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		identifying areas of uncertainty and continuing research lancelets In contrast, adequate evidence of effectiveness corresponds directly to the intervention (whether the comparison was concurrent or before-after).
		To lancelets included in the lancelets of effectiveness, studies had to meet local objectives, recommendations and other agencies and organizations in developing and implementing.
		In these cases, the studies were considered qualifying studies.** lancelets** 14 Task Force either strongly recommended or recommended nine of the evidence of harms resulting from an intervention being recommended).
	hometown.aol.com /HoweKarry7812/lancelets.html (283 words)

	Lancelets: A New Look at Some Old Beasts, The American Zoologist - Find Articles
		This is especially welcome in a young and explosive research field, such as lancelet molecular biology, which is elegantly presented by P W. Holland.
		One could question, however, whether there is sufficient evidence to adopt terms such as "tectum" and "balance organ" for the lancelet brain.
		In one case a lancelet larva is presented upside down, but it does not really matter as this illustration adds nothing to the text.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3746/is_199709/ai_n8779961 (762 words)

	The Lancelets (Subphylum Cephalochotdata)
		They have long fascinated biologists because they exhibit all four basic characteristics of the phylum Chordata (a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, a post annul tail and pharyngeal gill slits) in the adult stage of their lives.
		Among the 28 known species one occurs off European shores (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) which was the original lancelet, and four occur of the coasts of North America, one of which is Branchiostoma virginiae.
		The body is designed with three openings; a mouth, guarded by tentacles called buccal cirri and through which water enters, an atriopore towards the posterior (tail) end of the animal through which water exits and behind this an anus through which waste products exit.
	www.earthlife.net /inverts/cephalochordata.html (835 words)

	Chordata
		Adults of most members are sessile filter feeders with an expanded pharynx and, like cephalochordates and larval lampreys, with an endostyle, a mucous food trap in the pharyngeal floor that is homologous with the thyroid gland of vertebrates.
		Among the living chordates there is little doubt that lancelets are most closely related to the Craniates based on synapomorphies such as segmented axial muscles and metameric organization of the visceral (pharyngeal) arches.
		Uniquely, the notochord of cephalochordates extends to the tip of the snout, the gonads are segmentally organized, adults have a high number (50+) gill arches, and there is a hood-like atrium covering the pharyngeal region.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Chordata&contgroup=Animals (1676 words)

	Section A - Lancelets (Amphioxus)
		The Cephalochordates or lancelets are small (6-7cm long) fishlike marine invertebrates.
		Pikaia had segmented muscle blocks (myomeres) like a fish and a notochord but its shape was more that of a lancelet than a fish.
		In addition, lancelet development is more like that of the vertebrates (except for the echinoderms) than the invertebrates
	www.reef.edu.au /asp_pages/seca.asp?formno=20 (245 words)

	Chordate Summary
		The Urochordata (e.g., tunicates) and Cephalochordata (e.g., lancelets) were the earliest chordates to evolve, and they provide a link between invertebrate and vertebrate animals.
		However, as different as these organisms are from each other and from vertebrate chordates, they all share the following characteristics that identify them as chordates (and distinguish them from all other invertebrate animals): a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal gill slits.
		In subphylum Cephalochordata the lancelet worms are found.
	www.bookrags.com /Chordate (1146 words)

	lancelet — FactMonster.com
		There are about 30 lancelet species, most belonging to the genus
		, the most primitive living vertebrate, resembles a lancelet in many respects.
		Chordata: Subphylum Cephalochordata - Subphylum Cephalochordata This class includes the several species of lancelets, or amphioxi, small,...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0828747.html (296 words)

	Left-right asymmetric expression of BbPtx, a Ptx-related gene, in a lancelet species and the developmental ...
		Left-right asymmetric expression of BbPtx, a Ptx-related gene, in a lancelet species and the developmental left-sidedness in deuterostomes -- Yasui et al.
		Left-right asymmetric expression of BbPtx, a Ptx-related gene, in a lancelet species and the developmental left-sidedness in deuterostomes
		structures in lancelets (amphioxus) are phylogenetically related to the
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/127/1/187 (549 words)

	Lancelets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		The word "lancelets" uses 9 letters: A C E E L L N S T.
		Words within lancelets not shown as it has more than seven letters.
		List all words starting with lancelets, words containing lancelets or words ending with lancelets
	www.morewords.com /word/lancelets (137 words)

	Marine animals without backbones - Lancelets, lampreys and hagfish - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
		Technically, they are invertebrates because they lack bony structures; however, their bodies are supported by a gelatinous rod of tissue – a precursor to a backbone.
		Lancelets, or puhi (Epigonichthys hectori) are small, transparent animals that spend most of their life partially buried in sandy burrows just below the low-tide zone.
		They filter-feed, using the whiskery growths around their mouths to trap food.
	www.teara.govt.nz /EarthSeaAndSky/SeaLife/MarineAnimalsWithoutBackbones/7/en (375 words)

	Lancelets
		The Subphylum Cephalochordata contains about 30 species of animals called lancelets.
		Although they can swim fairly well, most animals are found with their tails buried in the sand with only the anterior end protruding.
		Note: This page is best viewed at a screen size of 800 X 600 pixels
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-9a/Lancelets/lancelets.htm (161 words)

	Lancelets - Adult Type II Diabetes
		This forum is for questions and support regarding Type II Diabetes such as: Athletics, Celiac Disease, Depression, Diabetic Complications, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Islet Cell Transplantation, Nutritional issues, Parenting a Diabetic Child, Pregnancy, Pump Therapy, and School issues.
		This is in regard to Lancelets used in blood count testing.
		is; as the lancelets are completely sealed against contamination,
	www.medhelp.org /forums/Diabetes-Support/messages/42.html (160 words)

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