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Topic: Land Forces of Poland

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	Polish Armed Forces - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Polish Armed Forces consist of the Army (Wojsko Lądowe), Navy (Marynarka Wojenna) and Air Force (Siły Powietrzne) branches and are under the command of the Ministry of Defense (Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej).
		Poland's national security goal is to further integrate with NATO and other west European defense, economic, and political institutions via a modernization and reorganization of its military.
		Poland continues to be a regional leader in support and participation in the NATO Partnership for Peace Program and has actively engaged most of its neighbors and other regional actors to build stable foundations for future European security arrangements.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces (839 words)

	Rapidly deployable European land forces - reply to the annual report of the Council
		Land force assistance operations are as a rule complementary to the action of humanitarian organisations, in cases where the latter are unable to intervene in a theatre for security reasons or cannot respond swiftly enough to an emergency.
		In both instances the land forces are involved in the forces generation efforts designed to achieve the capabilities identified as necessary in order to obtain the desired results in the theatre, as well as in determining and selecting from among the participating nations the assets needed to perform the identified tasks.
		The volume of deployed forces is a key indicator of the part that each EU country is willing to play and the participation by a number of smaller countries in the European contingent was a demonstration of their desire for international involvement, which becomes possible for them with this type of operation.
	www.assembly-weu.org /en/documents/sessions_ordinaires/rpt/2004/1857.html (8094 words)

	Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Land Forces form the core of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland and are prepared to repulse airborne and land strikes of the enemy by means of active defensive operations.
		Land Forces are capable of operating in all areas of the country, in each direction and against all types of military threats.
		Operational forces are responsible for defensive and offensive operations and, in peacetime, performing tasks such as training and participating in peacekeeping and humanitarian assignments.
	www.polandembassy.org /Links/p7-15.htm (557 words)

	Gateway to Land and Water Information: Poland national report
		In Poland, as a whole, the total input of nitrogen in both organic and inorganic fertilizers was found to have an input/output ration of 0.94 and is, therefore, inadequate in relation to the crop uptake of the present yield levels.
		The farm land value, soil fertility indices and the doses of nutrients in mineral and organic fertilizers (per ha of agricultural land) correspond to the zone averages (Table 2.3.1).
		All of the seven provinces are characterized by high proportions of land belonging to the former state farms and the impoverished, existing state of agriculture not recovering after the transformation.
	www.fao.org /WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGL/swlwpnr/reports/y_te/z_pl/pl.htm (4835 words)

	NATO/IMS: Committee on Women in the NATO Forces: Poland
		The Polish Armed Forces is currently in the process of modernising their military while at the same time, balancing the officer rank structure.
		During peacetime, the Minister manages the Armed Forces and the Chief of General Staff commands the forces.
		Currently, there are 277 female military personnel, with 143 of them serving in the Army land forces, 60 in the Medical Service, 33 in the Air Force, 25 in the Ministry of Defence, and 16 in the Navy.
	www.nato.int /ims/2001/win/poland.htm (1154 words)

	Poland (11/05)
		Poland was the first former centrally planned economy in central Europe to end its recession and return to growth in the early 1990s.
		Poland maintains a sizable armed force currently numbering about 140,572 troops divided among an army of 87,877, an air and defense force of 31,147, and a navy of 21,548.
		Poland assumed command of a multinational division of stabilization forces in Iraq (MDN-CS) on September 3, 2003.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2875.htm (4787 words)

	Access International Domains
		Poland first emerged as a federation (Polanie) in 966 under the leadership of Mieszko I, the date many historians cite as the foundation of the Polish state.
		Polandâs power began to ebb due to internal disorder and a Cossack revolt in the Ukraine in 1648 resulted in Russian acquisition of Polish territory.
		Poland is the largest recipient of foreign investment in Eastern Europe and continues to rely heavily on Western investment.
	webdb.iu.edu /internationalprograms/scripts/accesscoverpage.cfm?country=poland (3457 words)

	US Embassy Warsaw Press Releases & Announcements
		The Polish Armed Forces are shouldering a heavy burden with us, defending the rights of peoples who are now free to enjoy the fruits of liberty and determine their own futures.
		Poland is a true example of how a government can plan and fund the transformation of a military.
		Poland deserves credit for taking tough decisions to ensure that its military has the capabilities that are needed to defend peace and freedom here and abroad.
	www.usinfo.pl /events/docs/kielce_remarks.htm (496 words)

	Poland prepares for German soldiers
		POLAND is bracing itself for the imminent arrival of the first German soldiers to be based in the country since the Second World War - and the loud Russian protests that will greet them.
		For the Poles the stationing of German military personnel in the port of Szczecin (previously known as Stettin) is a milestone in their campaign to join Nato and an opportunity for the two nations to put their grim history behind them.
		Recent large-scale British Army training exercises in Poland passed without comment from Moscow, but the prospect of several dozen German officers staffing the Szczecin HQ has confirmed the worst fears of the Russian top brass.
	telegraph.co.uk /htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1998/02/22/wpol22.html (713 words)

	Haven't heard of Poland's Special Forces? - THR
		GROM, Polandâs elite special forces unit, is garnering praises from all quarters for its performance in the current Gulf war, further enhancing that central European countryâs reputation in the United States and adding to the relationship between America and âNew Europeâ.
		Polandâs presence in the current conflict is owed to the Polish government of Prime Minister Leszek Miller, which responded almost immediately to the American request for military assistance.
		And the fact that Poland's children were packing steel teeth and more than ready to get out on the pointy end of things is something the rest of the world took close note of.
	www.thehighroad.org /showthread.php?t=57119 (2809 words)

	Poland seeks to lease ex-German Army Leopard 2s - Jane's Land Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Polish sources told Jane's Defence Weekly that the government is hoping to conclude a memorandum of understanding in the coming months that would see the Leopard 2s introduced in the second half of 2001.
		Germany proposed a 10-year leasing agreement at a cost of $12.5 million with an option to buy at the end of this period, or a direct purchase for about $110 million with payments spread over 10 years.
		On 19 December representatives of the Headquarters Land Forces and Poland's OBRUM armoured technology development centre held a conference on the future development of Poland's armoured forces.
	www.janes.com /defence/land_forces/news/jdw/jdw010102_5_n.shtml (534 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Poland is an ancient nation that was conceived near the middle of the 10th century.
		Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of economic liberalization throughout the 1990s and today stands out as a success story among transition economies.
		Poland joined the EU in May 2004, and surging exports to the EU contributed to Poland's strong growth in 2004, though its competitiveness could be threatened by the zloty's appreciation.
	www.odci.gov /cia/publications/factbook/print/pl.html (1471 words)

	Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Poland will be among 10 countries that will sign their accession treaties in one of Europe’s most ancient sites.
		It is aimed to improve the farm territorial structure, prevent excessive concentration of land and ensure that farms will be run by persons with adequate qualifications.
		The ministers are also to discuss Poland’s economic, political and social share in the reconstruction of Iraq.
	www.polandembassy.org /News/Biuletyny_news/p2003-04-15.htm (1227 words)

	Land forces of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		he territorial functioning ot land forces is based on four military districts.
		The land forces are entirely motorized, and they widely use modern techniques of combat operations and various forms of co-operation with air forces.
		All arms and services which are included in the land forces i.e.
	www.poland-embassy.si /eng/politics/land.htm (178 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - 1492 Campaign - Turkey (moved from General Discussion Area)
		Land Technology: France on 12, Turkey and Spain on 8 with the rest bunched around 6.
		Land Forces(,000): Poland and France on 450 with Spain, Turkey and England c.
		Maybe Poland's grand scheme is to hit you from two sides from the North and thier colony in Aden.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=17 (7225 words)

	Amazon.com: Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		To say that this was a "war of liberation" of "Ukrainian lands" from "Polish colonialism" is a falsification of history.
		However, the past and 20th century anti-Semitism of Poland (and Russia--and Germany and France and the U.S.A, etc.) is clear from the personal memories of many of us who saw F.D.R. force a boat loaded with Jews back to Germany to perish to appease the massive hatred of his supporters for Jews.
		The Ukranians could have thrown in their lot with Poland against the bigger threat, but the concept of 'my enemy's enemy is my friend' was too touchy-feely for the all or nothing hardliners among the Ukranian leadership.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0786403713?v=glance (1257 words)

	This Day In History \| World War II September 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Although 1 million strong, the Polish forces were severely under-equipped and attempted to take the Germans head-on with horsed cavaliers in a forward concentration, rather than falling back to more natural defensive positions.
		If you are going to plunk a mechanized force onto the opposite side of the Atlantic, and then move it over the English Channel, you'd better be ready to move a lot of POL (Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants) to keep those forces moving.
		Poland never surrended, their soldiers and pilots played a critical role in the Battle of Britain, D-Day, Africa, Monte Cassino, to name a few.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1474709/posts (3748 words)

	Poland to Withdraw Troops From Iraq : Land Forces : Defense News Air Force Army Navy News - Military Pictures - Defence ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Poland was a strong supporter of the U.S.-led 2003 invasion and occupation of Iraq.
		After the war, Poland was granted command of a multinational military stabilization force in south-central Iraq.
		Approving the extension of the Polish mission in Iraq to the end of this year was among Kaczynski's first acts as president after taking office in late December 2005.
	www.defencetalk.com /news/publish/article_005128.php (476 words)

	Amazon.com: Polish Armies (1) : 1569-1696 (Men-At-Arms Series, 184): Books: Richard Brzezinski,Angus Mcbride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Although Poland's recent problems have captured the imagination of the Western world, few people will realise that at one time the Polish state was one of Europe's great powers.
		Furthermore, private armies, town and city forces, Zaporozhian Cossacks, warfare in Poland, and tactics are discussed.
		The brief, comprehensive summary and excellent illustrations help the reader to visualise and understand why Poland in the 16th-17th century was a power to be reckoned with.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/085045736X?v=glance (1079 words)

	Special Forces Search Engine : International/Europe/Central/Poland - Powered By The FOGs at The Swamp Team House
		Rate It Provides news and structure in Polish with information on the Army of Poland.
		Rate It Polish River Flotilla in WWII info is given with info on history of Navy and the Polish Navy in NATO and current Navy of Poland.
		Rate It Designed to provide current and in-depth information on the United States in: plitics, culture, geography and history as well as giving activities of Embassy.
	www.sfahq.com /International/Europe/Central/Poland (179 words)

	Mr Hucheson speech concerning land forces for 1718 \| British History Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Citation: 'Mr Hucheson speech concerning land forces for 1718', The History and Proceedings of the House of Commons : volume 9: 1734-1737 (1742), pp.
		The first Force that was establish'd, was in the 14th of Edward the Fourth, when one Hundred and twenty Archers on Horseback, Forty Horsemen, and Forty Pages, were establish'd by Parliament there; which six Years after were reduced to Eighty Archers and Twenty Spearmen on Horseback.
		To this I answer, that neither keep any Standing Forces within the Seats of their Government, that is, within the City of Venice, or the great Towns of the United Provinces; but they defend these by their own Burghers, and quarter their Mercenaries in their conquer'd Countries, viz.
	www.british-history.ac.uk /report.asp?compid=37796 (5974 words)

	WW3 - World War 1 Statistics, World War 2 Statistics, World War 3 Statistics
		In March,1939, Hitler demanded that Poland allow Germany to annex the Nazi-dominated free city of Danzig, and that Germany be given control over a 25-mile wide strip of land between Germany and East Germany, created by the Versailles Treaty to give Poland access to the Baltic Sea.
		Attempts by the Allies to persuade Hitler to negotiate with the Poles were unsuccessful.
		After signing the Nazi-Soviet Pact, which safeguarded his eastern border, Hitler sent his air and land forces into Poland on September 1, 1939.
	www.threeworldwars.com /world-war-overview.htm (1404 words)

	Lessons from the OTHER Warsaw Uprising
		Though it is little remembered outside of Poland, the lessons of this terrible battle are worth remembering for a number of reasons in a world where collective action against evil still seems to be a difficult.
		So instead of continuing the Red Army's offensive in Poland, he ordered his troops to halt, and literally watch from the eastern bank of the Vistula River as the Germans regrouped and exacted their revenge on the Poles.
		After the last Polish patriots were killed or forced to surrender, the Germans forced all the remaining inhabitants to leave — and then leveled the city.
	jewishworldreview.com /0804/tobin_2004_08_05.php3 (1687 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Military branches
		VF Army (the air and air defense forces are subordinate commands within the Army), VRS Army (the air and air defense forces are subordinate commands within the Army)
		Land Forces, Navy, Air Force (including Air Defense Force), National Guard (Jan 2002)
		Land Force (Army), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force, National Guard, Ministry of Interior Forces (paramilitary)
	www.umsl.edu /services/govdocs/wofact2005/fields/2055.html (2456 words)

	News From Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Preparations for NATO membership is the top priority for Poland's land forces, said land troop commander general Zbigniew Zalewski.
		Zalewski explained the recent decision to cut down the number of military districts from four to two with the need to restructure Poland's land forces according to NATO requirements.
		Other major tasks will be to upgrade technology, particularly regarding communications and computer systems, Zalewski stated.
	www.polishworld.com /polemb/news/0199/nato.htm (107 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Military branches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Land Forces, Navy, Air Force (includes Air Defense Force), National Guard (2002)
		Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces (AMR), Special Operations, Civil Defense (2005)
		Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force, National Guard, Ministry of Interior Forces (paramilitary)
	www.cia.gov /cia/publications/factbook/fields/2055.html (2873 words)

	All Empires History Forum: World War I, World War II, World War III ? results of mason plot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Consequently, the Confederate president Jefferson Davis (1809_ 1889) was forced to intervene against his own general and disband his troops.
		The system will be on the basis of a welfare state; those who are obedient and subservient to the One World Government will be rewarded with the means to live; those who are rebellious will simply be starved to death or be declared outlaws, thus a target for anyone who wishes to kill them.
		The acquisition and consolidation of ever greater wealth, natural resources, total political power, and control over others are the motivating forces which drive the decisions of the NWO leaders.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=4675&PN=1 (6314 words)

	NATO/SFOR Fact Sheets: SFOR Land Forces
		This is a dynamic re-organisational process which is proceeding rapidly and smoothly but which has caused this Fact Sheet to become dated.
		The land forces that are deployed to support the SFOR mission within Bosnia and Hercegovina come under the command of the Commander of Stabilisation Force (COMSFOR).
		In addition to the above mentioned forces there are many other smaller units and bases that play an important role in the areas of responsibility of the MNDs.
	www.nato.int /sfor/docu/f990406a.htm (343 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		The court said the protestors' actions were planned well in advance, as evidenced by their possession of the party's flag (red background emblazoned with a hammer and sickle), printed flyers, and chains and handcuffs with which some of them chained themselves to a train.
		President Aleksander Kwasniewski, in his capacity as commander in chief of the Polish Armed Forces, appointed Admiral Roman Krzyzelewski to become the new commander of that country's navy on 25 September, PAP reported.
		The same day, Kwasniewski also reappointed General Czeslaw Piatas as chief of the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces and General Edward Pietrzyk as commander of Poland's Land Forces for three years.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2003/09/3-CEE/cee-260903.asp (1829 words)

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