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	Ontario Secretariat for Aboriginal Affairs - About Land Claims
		Most land claims in Ontario arise from assertions by First Nations that promises made by the Crown in the treaties, especially promises with respect to land, were not honoured, or that there were misunderstandings or irregularities in the process of making or implementing the treaty.
		While the resolution of land claims is primarily a federal government responsibility, provincial governments often have a role because of their own involvement in the historical events giving rise to the claim.
		The Resolution of Land Claims in Ontario, A Background Paper was prepared by ONAS and presented to the Ipperwash Inquiry to assist in the Inquiry's examination of land claim policy and practice in the province.
	www.nativeaffairs.jus.gov.on.ca /english/negotiate/about.htm (1765 words)

	New Parks North - Aboriginal Land Claims - A Brief Overview
		The first claims policy statement in 1973 was initiated by a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada (the 1973 Calder decision) which acknowledged the existence of Aboriginal title in Canadian law.
		Treaty Land Entitlement (TLE) is a large category of claims that relate primarily to a group of treaties that were signed with First Nations, mainly in the prairie provinces.
		Claims from First Nations for outstanding entitlements are categorized as TLE claims and are handled separately from other specific claims.
	www.newparksnorth.org /land.htm (1387 words)

	Western Land Claims
		However, despite the size and seeming solidity of its claim, Virginia was among the leaders of the movement to surrender the areas to the central government.
		A claim to a portion of Pennsylvania (not shown on the map) was asserted only half-heartedly because of the strength of a more recent charter held by that state.
		A claim to a portion of present-day Michigan and Wisconsin was surrendered by Massachusetts in 1785 and a much weaker claim to an area in western New York (not shown on map) was given up in 1786.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1160.html (1181 words)

	Claims and Indian Government Sector - Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Claims and Indian Government Sector is responsible for three key federal policies covering the negotiation and implementation of specific claims, comprehensive land claims and self-government agreements.
		The objective of the Specifc Claims Program is to address past grievances related to the administration of Indian lands and other assets, as well as the fulfilment of treaties, in a manner that strengthens partnerships, aids community healing, builds capacity and provides First Nations with needed lands and resources.
		CCB manages the Comprehensive Land Claims policy which aims to resolve claims to Aboriginal title in areas of Canada that have not been addressed by treaty or other legal means.
	www.ainc-inac.gc.ca /ps/clm/index_e.html (547 words)

	Land claims 'to be settled by 2005' - SouthAfrica.info
		Land claims 'to be settled by 2005' - SouthAfrica.info
		Land Affairs Director-General Gilingwe Mayende, presenting the department's annual progress report and plans for 2004, said 42 556 restitution claims involving 102 454 households had been settled between 1995 and 30 September this year.
		"Rural claims pose a particular challenge to the commission because of the high illiteracy rate among rural communities and the claimants' lack of documentation supporting the claims", Gwanya said, adding that most land in the country's former homelands was unregistered and unsurveyed, caused added difficulties for the commission.
	www.safrica.info /what_happening/news/landclaims_140803.htm (543 words)

	Oregon Donation Land Claims - Bouman
		Claims located in a surveyed township had to conform to legal subdivisions of a section and had to be in a compact form.
		A satisfactory claim boundary description for the notification document could be prepared from the tie to a legal corner of the rectangular survey contained in the field notes of that survey and the claimants location survey.
		The Surveyor General was required to survey and mark the boundaries of the claims at the request and expense of the claimants and to note, temporarily, the boundaries of the claims on the township plats.
	www.plso.org /readingroom/OregonDLC-Bouman.htm (3615 words)

	Surveying Land Claims
		Claims were smaller and the close cooperation of neighbors was a necessity, but there were no conflicts and no wasted land.
		Land claims prior to the first surveys were laid out by metes and bounds -- that is, literally walking off boundaries and counting paces.
		A good example of this is the Trullinger claim near Molalla: parts of the claim are in sections 20, 21, 22, 27, and 28 of Township 4 South, Range 2 East.
	www.endoftheoregontrail.org /road2oregon/sa29surveys.html (803 words)

	ME Land Claim (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Maine Indian land claims case was exceedingly complex and had tremendous social, legal, and economic implications for the State of Maine and its citizens.
		In spite of the fact that Maine officials articulated the views that the land claims were without merit and that it was not fair to raise a 200-year old claim, the State supported the settlement.
		The first 150,000 acres of land acquired by the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the first 150,000 acres acquired by the Penobscot Indian Nation is eligible for inclusion as part of their respective territories and is held in trust by the United States for the benefit of the tribes.
	www.wabanaki.com /me_land_claim.htm (7385 words)

	CONTEMPORARY ABORIGINAL ISSUES: HEALTH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Land, as they see it, is not a commodity to be bought and sold, but a responsibility of the community, which must be passed on to future generations.
		The land is more than just an economic resources: it is also a place where spirits live, where their ancestors are buried and where new generations will grow up.
		The settlement of aboriginal land claims has to provide the means to enable aboriginal peoples to thrive, and aboriginal cultures to develop, in ways denied to them in the past.
	www.schoolnet.ca /aboriginal/issues/claims-e.html (1977 words)

	Labrador Inuit Land Claims (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The claims on the short list are considered by the federal government as those most likely to be successfully negotiated; those in which a settlement of claims in the disputed area is a priority; and those in which a provincial government is willing to become involved.
		For example, it states that, with the exception of the territories, most lands and resources fall into provincial jurisdiction; and, therefore, the participation of provincial governments in negotiation of native land claims is essential to settlements involving areas of provincial jurisdiction or provincial lands and resources.
		The fact that a claim can be "under active negotiation" for almost four years without a formal negotiation session ever having been convened must be a daunting prospect to all who are waiting to negotiate, and who find that the settlement of aboriginal land claims is a priority on the national agenda.
	www.carc.org /pubs/v18no2/3.htm (4230 words)

	Land Claims in East Timor
		He concludes that resolving competing land claims is ultimately an issue for the people of East Timor, and at page 17 calls for all interested parties "to move beyond the emotive politics of land and forge a compromise based on a transparent and sustainable land claims framework."
		Although a separate chapter is not devoted to a discussion of claims based on current occupation, the author's emphasis on minimising social conflict which could potentially overwhelm judicial and law-enforcement capacity, makes it apparent that he does not recommend adoption of any land law that could lead to large-scale eviction.
		However, one strength of this book is the author's ability to 'marry' the academic complexities of land claims in East Timor to the practical realities faced by the men and women of East Timor to provide workable policy options that deserve the serious consideration of the new East Timorese government.
	www.etan.org /et2003/april/07/15land.htm (1019 words)

	Map of Judicially Established Indian Lands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Indian Claim's Commission was established by Congress in 1946 to settle land claim disputes between Indians and the U.S. Government.
		Claims not adjudicated before the commission expired were transferred to the U.S. Court of Claims.
		The “Indian Land Areas Judicially Established 1978” map was prepared by the United States Geological Survey at a scale of 1:4,000,000, Albers projection from information provided by the Indian Claims Commission.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nagpra/DOCUMENTS/ClaimsMAP.htm (240 words)

	Clackamas County Land Claims
		Your goal is to find the Donation Land Claim number (for original owners prior to 1860s) or a legal description (Township, Range/Section) of the property owned by your ancestor.
		Single women could not claim land and only males could apply, but the 320 acres was in the woman's name, her property in case of divorce, widowhood, or abandonment.
		According to Oregon Donation Land Claim law, any provisional claim filed before December 1, 1851 (by whatever nationality) was preserved with the stipulation that the claimant had to be in Oregon already and occupy the land for four years.
	www.usgennet.org /alhnorus/ahorclak/land.html (2556 words)

	Land Claims in Oregon
		This put vast tracts of land in the hands of the railroad companies, which they were expected to sell off to recoup the expense of building the rail lines.
		Of all the Donation Land Claims in Oregon, the best known is probably that of George Abernethy, the first man to be elected to the governorship in the years of the Provisional Government.
		It was on his claim, in a meadow that became known as Abernethy Green, that the exhausted Oregon Trail emigrants camped long enough to find a promising piece of land that they could claim as their own.
	www.endoftheoregontrail.org /road2oregon/sa28claims.html (946 words)

	Land claims
		Yes, there is a lot of land in B.C. whose title remains under dispute but native people do not seek a resolution that would push non-natives out of their homes and businesses.
		Native people want the question of land use and control settled in a manner that recognizes their heritage and provides them with the means to live as distinct peoples with respect and honour.
		The perception that the claims of the First Nations have no basis and are extravagant has also been fostered by selective use of land claims figures by some B.C. politicians.
	members.tripod.com /arcbc/q1.htm (732 words)

	Land Grants
		Land grants were made to individuals and communities during the Spanish (1598-1821) and Mexican (1821-1846) periods of New Mexico's history.
		The two major types of land grants were private grants made to individuals, and communal grants made to groups of individuals for the purpose of establishing settlements.
		These are also known as the "Land Records of New Mexico" and are a microfilm collection that contains the Surveyor General of New Mexico and the Court of Private Land Claims case files.
	www.nmcpr.state.nm.us /archives/land_grants.htm (872 words)

	History & Highlights - Native Land Trust Board
		By 1880 it was realised that all land recognised to be owned by Fijians would have to be recorded and registered and also that there would have to bean authority to settle boundaries and ownership disputes.
		The Native Land Commission was established in 1880 to enquire and investigate claims to land by the indigenous landowner.
		So in 1916 a Native Lease Ordinance was passed which handed over all land available for leasing to the Government which would lease the land on the owners behalf and leases were now to be for a period of 21 years with a possible extension of 10 years.
	www.nltb.com.fj /history.html (947 words)

	ITK: Our 5000 Year Heritage: Inuit Land Claims
		In 1984, the Inuvialuit settled the first comprehensive land claim settlement in the Northwest Territories with the Government of Canada.
		By far the largest land claim agreement in Canadian history was the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement signed in 1993.
		The claim was originally presented to the federal government in 1976 by the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada.
	www.itk.ca /5000-year-heritage/land-claims.php (1125 words)

	Oneida Indian Nation - Land Claims Information
		The claim endorsed by the Supreme Court is a claim for possession, and individual landowners possess the vast majority of the land in the claim area.
		The treaties on which the Nation's land claim is based memorialized the legal right of the Nation to own, possess, govern and control its lands.
		Having land means having a place on which to re-develop a community that was lost two centuries ago.
	www.oneida-nation.net /landclaimsfaqs.html (1652 words)

	Information About the Land Claims Court of South Africa
		All claims must first be submitted to the Commission on the Restitution of Land Rights, whose role is to investigate the merits of claims and attempt to settle them through mediation.
		Where a claim cannot be settled through mediation, the Commission must prepare a comprehensive report, and refer the claim to the Land Claims Court for final determination.
		The reader is referred to Chapter IIIA of the Restitution of Land Rights Act (which was further amended by Act 18 of 1999) as well as to rules 33, 44 and 53A of the Land Claims Court Rules.
	wwwserver.law.wits.ac.za /lcc/about.html (1059 words)

	Honoring Nations 1999 >> Land Claims Distribution Trust
		In 1971, the Indian Claims Commission settled a 1948 case against the U.S. government by awarding the Michigan Chippewa and Ottawa Indians $10.3 million in just compensation for ceded lands.
		In particular, the spending plan specifies that the Band’s portion of the settlement be transferred to a Land Claims Distribution Fund and that the entire amount be invested (with an appropriate balance between income potential and wealth protection).
		Favorable market conditions were enabling the Band’s Land Claims Distribution Fund managers to accelerate loan repayment and to move even more quickly toward establishment of the Elder’s Fund.
	www.ksg.harvard.edu /hpaied/hn/hn_1999_land.htm (768 words)

	Yukon Land Claims - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Yukon Land Claims refer to the process of negotiating and settling aboriginal land claims agreements in the Yukon Territory in Canada.
		Unlike most other Canadian land claims agreements that apply only to Status Indians, the Yukon First Nations insisted that the agreements involve everyone they considered part of their nation, whether they were recognized as Status Indians or not.
		Each land claims agreement is also accompanied by a Self-Government agreement that gives First Nations the right to enact legislation in a number of areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yukon_Land_Claims (500 words)

	Land claims - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Land claims are claims of control over areas of land and included bodies of water.
		Some types of land claims include aboriginal land claims, Antarctic land claims, and post-colonial land claims.
		Land claims is sometimes used as a term when referring to disputed territories like Western Sahara or to refer to the claims of displaced persons.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Land_claims (141 words)

	A History of Land Claims in the Americas
		Both claimed by virtue of their prior discovery, but the title of the Spaniards was strengthened by a grant of territory from his holiness the pope.
		Title for the land was transferred to the states and then ceded by Charter to the federal government under Cestui que trust, but the contracted debt and obligation of the Colonial Charters, and the 1213 Charter could not be negated.
		A tax upon the rent of land or of houses, payable at the same term at which such rents are usually paid, is levied at the time when it is most likely to be convenient for the contributor to pay; or, when he is most likely to have wherewithal to pay.
	www.lewisdt.com /research/landclaims.html (8607 words)

	Alaskool - Alaska Native Land Claims
		"The Alaska Claims Settlement" - Comments by Janie Leask - From a panel discussion "The Objectives of Land Claims Settlements" during the International Conference "Towards Native Self-Reliance Renewal and Development" held in Vancouver, August 19-24, 1984.
		Statements from: Alaska Native Land Claims Part II, "Hearings before the Subcommittee on Indian Affairs of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-first Congress First Session on H.R. 10193, and H.R. 14212, Bills to Provide for the Settlement of Certain Land Claims of Alaska Natives, and for Other Purposes.
		The Eskimo and the Land: Ownership and Utilization, Dorothy Jean Ray, paper presented at the Thirteenth Alaskan Science Conference, August 25, 1962, Juneau, Alaska.
	www.alaskool.org /projects/ancsa/ancsaindx.htm (1621 words)

	Oneida Indian Nation - Land Claims Information
		This was one of several such actions by the state to diminish and assimilate the Oneidas and take their land, while clearing the way for westward expansion.
		These transactions were illegal because the land was held by the Nation, not by individuals.
		Covered in the claim was all the land finagled from the Oneida Nation by New York State between 1785 and 1846.
	www.oneida-nation.net /TIME.HTML (1696 words)

	Alaska Native Land Claims Settlement Act (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Alaska Natives and the Land Claims Settlement Act of 1971 - Norman Chance
		Revisiting the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act - 1971-2001 [The 30th Anniversary of ANCSA] - Alaskool
		Letters to Howard: An Interpretation of the Alaska Native Land Claims - Fred Bigjim and James Ito-Adler
	arcticcircle.uconn.edu /SEEJ/Landclaims (187 words)

	CBC News Indepth: Caledonia land claim
		Native demonstrators fill in a trench dug across the road a day earlier, and the largest piece of the barricade, a piece of a metal electrical transmission tower, is moved from the road to the entrance to the construction site.
		The removal of the blockade doesn't mean the end of the occupation of the disputed tract of land.
		Friday morning, negotiators for the Six Nations and the federal and Ontario governments begin talks to settle the land claim issues behind the Caledonia occupation.
	www.cbc.ca /news/background/caledonia-landclaim (2626 words)

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