
	Where results make sense

Topic: Landed elite

Related Topics

Manor

Feudalism

Aristocracy

Feudal society

Lake Powell

German Empire

Whig

Prussia

Qin Shi Huang Di

Weaving

European

USS Monitor

Grand Duchy of Poznan

Macedonian language

Pomeranian Voivodship

In the News (Thu 10 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Palestinian American Research Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		New Land Tenure System The role of the state during this period was largely confined to the management of the taxation system in order to increase its revenues, and the installation of a proper infrastructure for that purpose.
		The significance of land registration under these reforms is that it established a market for farm land and allowed for the transfer of this land to the hands of urban merchants.
		Land ownership under semifeudal conditions (leasing the land to sharecroppers through the wakil, the landlord¡s agent) was not always necessary as a basis for factional power.
	www.parcenter.org /resources/encyclopedia/encyc_society.html (8251 words)

	Landed property - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Landed property or landed estates is a real estate term that usually refers to a property that generates income for the owner without himself having to do the actual work at the estate.
		Parts of the United States of America, typically New England and Pennsylvania, never had a landed aristocracy, so their armed forces and government agencies could never be organized on the basis of a landed aristocracy.
		The last large exemplar of the principle of a landed aristocracy as a basis of rule, Russia under the Romanov dynasty, literally died in the Bolshevik Revolution due to the venality and incompetence of the landed aristocracy that had long underpinned the empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Landed_elite (251 words)

	e. Chile. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Measures to open commerce provoked opposition from creole merchants and most of the landed elite.
		José Miguel Carrera (1785–1821), a member of a landed military family allied to the antiroyalist deputies, led troops and urban crowds to expel conservatives from the congress.
		He formed an executive junta that abolished the slave trade and freed all children born from slave mothers subsequent to the decree.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1648.html (373 words)

	Reviews in History: The Emergence of a Ruling Order: English Landed Society 1650-1750
		An old and continuing influence which served to characterise the landed élite was the sharing of a common classical education, the grand tour, and a common life-style which, when not diverted towards urban, and particularly London, diversions, revolved round country houses, country sports, entertaining and being entertained.
		The incomes of urban grandees, indeed, could rival those of all but the greatest landed magnates, and in their own environment they were persons of consequence Towns which were increasingly dominated by merchants, manufacturers, craftsmen, and tradesmen of all descriptions became more and more independent of, and alien to, country landowners.
		Professor Rosenheim does not attempt to calculate the numbers of landowners who made up his ruling elite of 1750, nor the extent of their landed property, and indeed such calculations are beset by a host of difficulties and are bound to be imprecise.
	www.history.ac.uk /reviews/paper/mingays.html (2193 words)

	Pakistan Facts - Pakistan's landed army elite
		Citing the relevant rules against the unauthorised use of military land, the Auditor General of Pakistan in a report submitted to the President and the National Assembly said the country's defence forces had made it a routine to put lands placed at their disposal to commercial uses for their own gains.
		Subsequently, approximately 1,000 acres of land in Gujranwala was allocated for the farm.
		Citing cases of irregular utilisation of defence land for commercial purpose, the report said A-1 land measuring 725 acres, situated within the jurisdiction of Agent to MEO Risalpur, was occupied by PAF/Army authorities.
	www.pakistan-facts.com /article.php?story=20040613102538712 (777 words)

	EH.Net Encyclopedia: The Economy of Ancient Greece
		As in the Archaic period, the most important economic sector was still tied to the land and the majority of agriculture continued to be carried out on the subsistence level by numerous small family farms, even though the distribution of land among the population was far from equal.
		But although being a farmer was the social ideal, good land was scarce in Greece and it is estimated that in Athens about a quarter of the male citizens did not own land and had to take up other occupations for their livelihoods.
		Since land was the chief source of wealth in the ancient Greek economy, the inability to control it severely constrained the economic role of women.
	www.eh.net /encyclopedia/?article=engen.greece (13030 words)

	The Land Question / I-L (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Land is, by natural law, the common property of the community.
		His solution was to lower the value of land as close as possible to zero by taxing away all of the return, or monopoly rent, and using the money to reduce (or, in his ideal, eliminate) taxes on the productive factors.
		An individual or company, or enterprise, acquiring land should hold no more than is required for their home and sustenance, and never more than they have in actual use in the prudent management of their legitimate business, and this much should not be permitted when it creates an exclusive monopoly.
	www.cooperativeindividualism.org /georgism_04.html (1992 words)

	Estate Owners (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Estate Owners (Gutsbesitzer) were a landed elite who formed a distinct and privileged social group among Russian Mennonites.
		Land at this period was cheap and large acreages were needed to pasture the large flocks of sheep these entrepreneurs had acquired.
		Land purchased for a few rubles a desiatin was worth 400-500 rubles a desiatin by 1914.
	www.mhsc.ca /encyclopedia/contents/E773ME.html (452 words)

	Ecuador Elite - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, ...
		The elite (and middle class) often described itself as la gente buena (the good people) or la gente decente (the respectable people), contending that it had sufficient breeding, intelligence, and culture to rule others.
		In the elite view, gains achieved by subordinates came not as their natural right but through the beneficence of their betters.
		Land reform legislation in the 1960s and 1970s left elite hegemony in agriculture and landholding largely unscathed.
	www.photius.com /countries/ecuador/society/ecuador_society_elite.html (788 words)

	Books & Reading: Chapter One
		They were done with the power of the landed elites, and of the monarchy, and of the influence of Britain in their society.
		There were four veils in the land, she had written: a veil of cloth, a veil of ignorance, a veil of hypocrisy, and a veil of stagnation.
		She asked for no favors: she was born free and wanted for her land and for the women in her land the freedom of "civilized nations." Muslim men had begun to give up the fez; Muslim women had an equal right, she asserted, to shed their veils.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/style/longterm/books/chap1/dreampalaceofthearabs.htm (7451 words)

	Agriculture-Based Environmental Degradation
		is deeply intertwined with the historical patterns of land tenure and the inability of such systems to accommodate rural population growth.
		Political control of the Ladino landed elite over the rural peasantry was largely exerted through political repression and suppression of land reform movements ultimately resulting in a civil war.
		Technological control of the landed elite was exerted through policies determining technological and agricultural research and subsidization (de Janvry and Dethier, 1985).
	www.arches.uga.edu /~alh27 (2102 words)

	UN Should Immediately Intervene in Pakistan Military Lands Dispute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Though the military publicly claims the land for itself, the land is the property of the provincial government of the Punjab.
		Urban land is publicly used by the military to dispense patronage to civilians and perks to its own officers.
		For tenant farmers, access to land is often the difference between economic survival and abject poverty, between a full belly and hunger, between a viable future and complete marginalization, the HRW Report said.
	www.satribune.com /archives/july04/P1_hrw.htm (2572 words)

	German Empire - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		One factor, but only one, in the social anatomy of these governments had been the retention of a very substantial share in political power by the landed elite, due to the absence of a revolutionary breakthrough by the peasants in combination with urban areas.
		Each of the elites in the ruling coalition of the Second Reich found some advantages in formal, overseas expansion: mammoth monopolies wanted imperial support to secure overseas investments against competition and domestic political tensions abroad; bureaucrats wanted more occupations; military officers desired promotion; and the traditional but waning landed gentry wanted formal titles.
		From the side of the landed aristocracy came the conceptions of inherent superiority in the ruling class and a sensitivity to matters of status, prominent traits well into the twentieth century.
	open-encyclopedia.com /German_Empire (3114 words)

	Countryside
		A similar extension of the role of this county elite, and a source of growing self-confidence, derived from its role in parliament, which from the end of the thirteenth century had a responsibility of critical political importance in the control of taxes on the laity.
		This development gave elites more formal definition; the size of the council could be tailored to correspond to the size of the town, to the point that membership of the council virtually defined elite status.
		Urban elites, at least at the rank of office-holders - had to be men who had a considerable amount of time to spend in the performance of their duties.
	www.durham.ac.uk /r.h.britnell/articles/Elites.htm (4582 words)

	The History Cooperative \| Conference Proceedings \| Seascapes, Littoral Cultures, and Trans-Oceanic Exchanges \| Japanese ...
		Landed patrons such as warlords hoped to acquire indirect control of remote maritime regions that might otherwise have escaped their grasp.
		The lack of maritime expertise and concomitant dependence on the seafaring population by landed institutions only increased the illegitimacy of pirates and the maritime population in the eyes of landed elites.
		Examples of pirates accepting the sponsorship of landed powers are common around the world in the premodern and early modern periods.
	www.historycooperative.org /proceedings/seascapes/shapinsky.html (7138 words)

	The British Reform Act of 1832
		Before 1832 the British parliament was entirely dominated by the nobility and the landed gentry in the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
		Those who sat there were representatives of the elite class of great landowners who also dominated in all important avenues of society---as judges, magistrates and high officials and in the higher positions of the army and navy.
		The system was an antiquated one that served the interests of the landed elite.
	web.jjay.cuny.edu /%7Ejobrien/reference/ob6.html (594 words)

	Miliukov
		At a maximum, he suggested that there are significantly different sorts of feudalism, determined by whether the state emerged out of, and to meet the needs of, a landed aristocracy or whether, in reverse, an aristocracy emerged out of, and to meet the needs of, an administrative/military state.
		In those regions which experienced the "outward process," the elite who received land from the state for military service became landed proprietors, but under conditions defined by the state and in a sequence which appeared to Miliukov to reverse the more natural historical process.
		In all these [Russian historical] cases the appropriation of state lands by private owners did not lead to the feudal organization of society, because the central power was already too strong to be dispossessed of its superior rights in the land.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~kimball/Miliukov.htm (2595 words)

	On the Political Economy of Latin American Land Reforms
		This paper suggests that this type of reform was a measure intended to favor not the peasantry, but the landed elite of those countries.
		It is shown that if land is the abundant factor land rent is decreasing with the total amount of privately owned land.
		Thus, the landed elite favored giving the peasants land under a restricted ownership regime.
	ideas.repec.org /a/red/issued/v3y2000i3p551-571.html (427 words)

	Turkey Towns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		There is an elite composed of government officials, military officers, and a few wealthy landowning, mercantile, and professional families; a middle class made up of administrators, merchants, shopkeepers, soldiers, and teachers; and a lower class consisting of artisans and various categories of workers.
		Political and economic influence was exercised for several generations by local landowning families that had intermarried with Ottoman officials sent by the government to administer the towns.
		Since the 1960s, the educated descendants of some members of the traditional landed elite have become governors, mayors, doctors, lawyers, judges, and merchants, as well as large landowners employing modern farm technology and business practices.
	www.country-studies.com /turkey/towns.html (249 words)

	Welcome to Locombia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The upper class comprised two interrelated groups, the traditional landed elite and the new rich, who owed their status primarily to successful entrepreneurship.
		The former continued to base its elite status on distinguished lineage and a respected family name, together known as abolengo, and on the ownership of large tracts of land.
		If one branch of an elite family suffered financial difficulties, friends and relatives rallied to its support, helping children to obtain the customary good education and enabling the family to maintain a facade of well-being.
	www.locombia.com /articles/social_class_2.htm (897 words)

	[No title]
		The landed upper classes and the peasantry are either absorbed by modernizing commercial interests, or they are completely eliminated as a social force.
		Competing groups, particularly the landed elites, resort to state-sponsored coercion to calibrate a new balance of power among the classes.
		In contrast, when liberal parties were unable to contend with the demands of increasingly radicalized workers, the peasantry reacted by joining in a coalition with the landed elites and tipping the balance in favor of authoritarianism.
	www.stanford.edu /class/polisci311/larriola/arriola.wk4.doc (762 words)

	FreisslerSoft Books Landed
		Landed enterprise and penal society : a history of farming and grazing in New South Wales before 1821
		The Landed Estates of the Esterhazy Princes: Hungary During the Reforms of Maria Theresia and Joseph II (The Johns Hopkins University Studies in His)
		The landed society and the farming community of Essex in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries
	www.freisslersoft.com /la/Book_Landed.html (756 words)

	[No title]
		Although under the direct order of Philip II that the conversion of the Philippines to Christianity was not to be accomplished by force, the monastic orders of the Augustinians, Dominicans, Franciscans, Recollects and Jesuits set to their missionary duties with purpose.
		Although the traditional kinship organization of the barangay had maintained the communal use of land, the Spanish governors brought with them their feudal notions of land tenure with "encomienderos" and subordinate vassals.
		The creation of a priviledged landed-holding elite on whom most of the rural population was dependent as landless tenants introduced a class division in Philippine society that has been the perennial source of social discontent and political strife ever since.
	www.ualberta.ca /~vmitchel/fw2.html (831 words)

	Thousands of Landless Workers to March on Brasilia \| Brazil's Landless Workers' Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Further, since Lula’s election, the landed elite and the “Democratic Rural Union” (UDR) have unleashed a new wave of violence against Brazil’s rural workers, intimidating and murdering dozens of MST members.
		The landed elite and their allies at Brazil’s major media outlets have worked hard to convince the public and the Lula government that agricultural modernization, including genetically modified crops, and agro-exports are the only viable solution to the problems associated with underdevelopment.
		The large-scale deforestation in the Amazon to clear more land for agribusiness, particularly in Para where Sister Dorothy focused her struggle, is but one of the many negative social and environmental impacts of a devastating economic model.
	www.mstbrazil.org /?q=march (423 words)

	Pakistan: A Political History] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		And the need to extract revenues from the agrarian sector called for state interventions, which caused a schism between the administrative apparatus of the Muslim League and the landed elite who dominated the Muslim League.
		The politicians were corrupt, interested in maintaining their political power and securing the interests of the elite, so to have them as the representative authority did not provide much hope of a democratic state that provided socio-economic justice and fair administration to all Pakistani citizens.
		Basic Democracies code was founded on the premise of Khan's diagnosis that the politicians and their "free-for-all" type of fighting had had ill effect on the country.
	www.askasia.org /teachers/Instructional_Resources/Materials/Readings/India/R_india_11.htm (4535 words)

	John Jakes: The Bastard and The Rebels
		There's a glimpse of pre-revolutionary France, before the viewer is swept into the class struggles of 18th century England held in a stagnant vassalage by the hidebound ways of the landed elite.
		America has long pretended to be the offspring of the England brewing with the intellectual awakening of the Enlightenment, but how long has its elite, particularly in the 20th century yearned with the same tenacity as Marie Charboneau to join the betittled England.
		As the ship lands at Boston young Mr Kent learns that if London is in a state of intellectual ferment, the colonies are one step ahead seething with rebellion.
	www.angelfire.com /bc/RPPS/fullosia_press_2002/sept_2002_school_daze/bastard_rebel_kent_jakes.htm (1572 words)

	Coming to terms with Juan Perón is necessary for two reasons
		Thus, the success of the elite's economic program won for them the support of the socialists, who from then on sought reform and not revolution.
		General discontent provoked the dominant landed and banking sectors to back a military coup against Yrigoyen and on September 6, 1930 General José Felix Uriburu came to power.
		When the old landed gentry figured out what Perón was up to, it didn't take long for them to organize a coup just like the kind that failed in Venezuela.
	www.columbia.edu /~lnp3/mydocs/state_and_revolution/argentina3.htm (3172 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)