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Topic: Landfill

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	Landfill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Their function is to secure the normal landfill operations and to control the anticipated emissions generated mainly by the decomposition of organic matter, such as leachate and landfill gas.
		During landfill operations the waste collection vehicles or garbage trucks are weighed at a weigh-bridge on arrival and their load is inspected for wastes that do not accord with the landfill’s waste acceptance criteria.
		The "Fresno Municipal Sanitary Landfill", opened in Fresno, California in 1937, is considered to have been the first modern, sanitary landfill in the United States, innovating the techniques of trenching, compacting, and the daily covering of trash with dirt.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Landfill (1215 words)

	Landfill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A landfill is an area designated to receive solid wastes, such as municipal solid waste (household trash), construction debris, and sludge from sewage treatment and other processes.
		Modern, well-run landfills are also lined with plastic or bentonite clay to prevent toxic leachate from entering the groundwater.
		Living close to a landfill is considered by many people to be very undesirable, therefore most landfills are built a reasonable distance away from settled areas, starting from 0.25 of a mile.
	www.millbrae.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Landfill (659 words)

	Landfills
		Covers are vulnerable to erosion, vegetation, burrowing soil-dwelling mammals, reptiles, insects and worms, sunlight, cave-ins and rubber tires which “float” upward in a landfill all present constant threats to the integrity of the cover.
		However, the amount of waste sent to landfills in 2000 was down 13% from the 1990 total, and the amount of waste recovered in recycling has nearly doubled during the same period.
		When a new municipal landfill is proposed, advocates of the project always emphasize that “no hazardous wastes will enter these landfill.” Studies have shown that even though municipal landfills may not legally receive “hazardous” wastes, the leachate they produce is as dangerous as the leachate from hazardous waste landfills.
	www.iun.edu /~environw/landfills.html (2671 words)

	Landfill Sites
		If a landfill is covered after use, this gas will slowly seep through the earth covering and dissipate into the atmosphere, causing a long-term source of pollution and possible irritation for the local population.
		Until the landfill site has settled and the gas production has died down there is no way of reclaiming the land for building purposes, although the planting of trees and grass is possible in the interim.
		Constant monitoring with a landfill gas analyzer will ensure that the quality and availability of the gas is known at all times and the processes can be planned or adjusted accordingly.
	www.habmigern2003.info /biogas/Landfill-sites.html (1315 words)

	Landfill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The landfill, located at 391 County Road 750 in Athens, is the oldest active landfill presently operating in Tennessee.
		In September 1991 McMinn County landfill became the first municipal landfill in Tennessee to be granted a class one subtitle D permit.
		These taxes are also set aside for the eventual maintenance of the active portion of the landfill when it is closed at the end of its expected twenty five year useful life.
	www.mcminnco.org /landfill.html (500 words)

	The Landfill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Western Regional Sanitary Landfill operated by the WPWMA is located near Highway 65 between the cities of Roseville and Lincoln.
		This helps to prolong the life of the landfill, reduces costs associated with expanding the landfill or building new landfills and provides a stable platform for subsequent landfilling operations.
		The WPWMA collects the gas from the landfill to reduce the health hazards associated with the gas.
	www.wpwma.com /landfill.htm (370 words)

	EUROPA - Environment - Landfill of waste
		The objective of the Directive is to prevent or reduce as far as possible negative effects on the environment from the landfilling of waste, by introducing stringent technical requirements for waste and landfills.
		The Directive is intended to prevent or reduce the adverse effects of the landfill of waste on the environment, in particular on surface water, groundwater, soil, air and human health.
		A) landfill sites for non-hazardous or inert wastes with a total capacity not exceeding 15 000 tonnes or with an annual intake not exceeding 1 000 tonnes serving islands, where this is the only landfill on the island and where this is exclusively destined for the disposal of waste generated on that island.
	ec.europa.eu /environment/waste/landfill_index.htm (782 words)

	Earthquake Spectra: Performance of Solid Waste Landfills in Earthquakes
		The OII Landfill is a solid waste landfill that was operated between 1948 and 1984 and from 1976 to 1983, the OII Landfill received large quantities of liquid industrial waste for "co-disposal" with municipal solid waste.
		At 16 of these landfills the bedrock PHGA was estimated to be in excess of 0.24 g and at six of these landfills the bedrock PHGA was estimated to be in excess of 0.38 g.
		Damage at the Chiquita Canyon Landfill, located approximately 12.2 km from the zone of energy release and subjected to an estimated bedrock PHGA of 0.33 g, may be attributable to a variety of factors, including operational procedures at the landfill, the details of the design, and commonly used construction quality assurance procedures for geosynthetic liners.
	www.rtdf.org /public/phyto/minutes/altcov/acap/earthquake/earthquake.htm (5769 words)

	EnergyAustralia - Landfill
		The gas generated by landfill as it rots (biomass) is another form of renewable or "green" energy.
		Landfill gas is created when the waste you throw away starts rotting (or decomposing) in the ground.
		When landfill gases are collected the rubbish dump smells better.
	www.energy.com.au /energy/ea.nsf/Content/Kids+Landfill (343 words)

	ATSDR - PHA - Pelham Bay Landfill, Bronx, Bronx County, New York
		ATSDR was petitioned in May 1989 to evaluate the relationship between the landfill contamination and health effects of the population surrounding the landfill.
		The Pelham Bay Landfill (PBL) is an inactive 81-acre municipal waste dump at 40º51'23" latitude, 73º48'52" longitude in the Bronx, a borough of New York City, New York (Appendix A, Figure 1).
		Particulate concentrations downwind of the landfill were not elevated compared to upwind concentrations suggesting that the source of particulate and metals are regional, and are not related to the landfill.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HAC/PHA/pelhambay/pbl_p1.html (14829 words)

	letsrecycle.com - News and information for the Recycling and Waste Management Community
		Traditionally the UK has been heavily reliant on landfill: of a total 28.2 million tonnes of municipal waste produced in 2000/01, 79% — about 23 million tonnes — was landfilled.
		June 2005: Defra is sticking with the European Landfill Directive's July 16, 2006, date for the banning of whole and shredded tyres from landfill.
		July 2002: The government's handling of the implications of the Landfill Directive was heavily criticised by a House of Commons committee.
	www.letsrecycle.com /legislation/landfill_directive.jsp (2287 words)

	The Basics of Landfills
		A secure landfill is a carefully engineered depression in the ground (or built on top of the ground, resembling a football stadium) into which wastes are put.
		Basically, a landfill is a bathtub in the ground; a double-lined landfill is one bathtub inside another.
		The bottom of the landfill is sloped; pipes laid along the bottom capture contaminated water and other fluid (leachate) as they accumulate.
	www.ejnet.org /landfills (1445 words)

	Woolworth Road Landfill
		Woolworth Road Landfill is located on a 435-acre tract of land in Keithville, Louisiana, about one quarter mile west of the Woolworth Road between Buncomb and Colquitt Roads.
		The Landfill is operated under a permit issued by the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ).
		The landfill is open for educational tours by appointment.
	www.ci.shreveport.la.us /dept/pw/pwlandfl.htm (589 words)

	Keep America Beautiful The Nation's Largest Community Improvement Network
		A landfill is where garbage is deposited and then buried. Properly managed landfills are an environmentally safe means of disposal, and are closely monitored for their environmental impact by the U.S. EPA as well as state and local authorities.
		As cells to the landfill are sealed off, venting systems are installed to prevent methane from diffusing under ground, and to collect any gas released and burn it off. In many cases, energy is recovered from the combustion of the gases to be used on site or sold to local homes or businesses.
		To be granted a license to operate, a landfill operator must have a complete plan for the site's eventual closure. The operator is also required to set aside the financial resources which will be necessary for all closure, post-closure, and corrective activity which may be needed over the lifetime of the landfill.
	www.kab.org /partners.asp?id=540&rid=541 (543 words)

	Staten Island Landfill: Fresh Kills
		The chemicals can enter into the environment in a variety of ways: releases into the air from barge unloading and garbage trucks unloading; the cement crushing trucks releases chemical dust into the air; and into the local groundwater by leaching.
		The landfill lies on the Atlantic Flyway which is a path used each spring and fall by many species of birds as they migrate to the north and south.
		It is hoped that one day the infrastructure of Fresh Kills made up of mounds of landfill, roadways, intact wetlands and wildlife habitats will become transformed into a useful piece of land.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~scintech/solid/silandfill.html (470 words)

	Landfill and waste management \| Business Link
		Landfill tax is paid on top of normal landfill fees by businesses and local authorities that want to dispose of waste using a landfill site.
		Landfill operators can apply to have tax-free status for any part of a site that is not used for landfill, but for:
		Landfill operators may be able to claim a tax credit if a customer becomes insolvent or is otherwise unable to pay.
	www.businesslink.gov.uk /bdotg/action/detail?type=RESOURCES&itemId=1074404201 (592 words)

	LANDFILLS
		If a landfill is located next to a water body, then the monitoring wells should be located between the landfill and the water; or (if there is no space left), in the water.
		All landfills could require remediation, but particularly landfills built in the last 60 years will require a thorough clean-up due to the disposal of highly toxic chemicals manufactured and sold since the 1940's.
		Landfill Liability: Court Ruling Alters Superfund Landscape: This article is from Pennsylvania's Department of Environmental Protection "UPDATE", September 13, 1996.
	www.zerowasteamerica.org /Landfills.htm (1466 words)

	Chicago's Lakefront Landfill
		In some places, Chicago's downtown shoreline lies a half-mile east of where early European settlers found it, the result of landfills created for private profit and public improvements.
		The Chicago River was given a direct entrance to the lake, and in 1852 the Illinois Central Railroad was allowed to enter the city on an offshore trestle, entrapping a basin that soon became a polluted backwater and which was filled in with debris from the Fire of 1871.
		Lincoln Park was expanded into the lake beginning in the 1880s, while Grant and Burnham Parks were greatly enlarged by landfill, as suggested in the 1909 Plan of Chicago.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/3713.html (173 words)

	Rabanco \| Roosevelt Regional Landfill
		1,500 separation from the bottom of the landfill to the closest regional aquifer.
		The geology separating the landfill and this regional aquifer includes 340 feet of low permeability natural clay.
		During the day the 200-foot working face of the landfill is the only exposed area.
	www.rabanco.com /regional_landfill/default.aspx (358 words)

	Online Ethics Center: Lesson 11, The Landfill (Ethics in the Science Classroom, Sec II ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		During this time the landfill was used by several sanitation and chemical companies for disposal of their wastes.
		The principal's view is that the landfill poses no danger to the health of the children.
		First, the landfill issue facing the community is the direct result of industrial developments connected with biology, chemistry, and the earth sciences.
	www.onlineethics.org /edu/precol/classroom/lesson11.html (934 words)

	Mountain View - Shoreline Park
		For 13 years, starting in 1968, 500 acres of the land near the bay was used here as a landfill for trash from the city of San Francisco.
		The trail leads past the landscaped and irrigated lawns of the lake area and behind grassy upland hills.
		Ahead is a paved path that runs straight along the south edge of the park north of another retired landfill, the Crittenden Site.
	www.abag.ca.gov /bayarea/baytrail/vtour/map3/access/Btmtnvw/Btmtvw2.htm (2644 words)

	Landfill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The City of Pierre Landfill office and scale house facility is located at 2800 E. Park St., however, the entrance to the scales and drop off containers is made from Lowell Ave.
		They also have a map of the landfills which shows the location of the facility in conjunction with the city.
		If you have a large load or prefer to dump the material at the landfill, you must weigh the material at the scale and also weigh after you dump the material at the landfill, this will give us a weight of the material being dropped off.
	ci.pierre.sd.us /Landfill.htm (1812 words)

	Landfill Gas, Landfill Engineering,Steam Injection,Compliance,Collectors,LFG,Bio-Reactors
		We have developed a method to locate and profile gas pressure, liquid pressure and vacuum zones in landfills and in the vadose zone.
		The data is continuously recorded the full depth of the landfill and inputted into a computer.
		A 3-D profile of the conditions inside the landfill is created from this data.
	web.ivenue.com /landfillengineering (443 words)

	PCU Waste Recycling
		Landfilling solid waste is a permanent disposal process by which we spread, compact, and cover (seal) waste with ash from the Waste-to-Energy facility or soil.
		Because Pinellas County has limited landfill space and because we have more environmentally sound options available to us, we use our landfill only to manage waste that we can neither combust nor recycle.
		We also use the landfill as a backup when the plant's boilers are not functioning or the plant is unable to store all incoming municipal solid waste.
	pubgis.co.pinellas.fl.us /pcuweb_live/solid_waste/landfill.cfm (265 words)

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