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Topic: Language family


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In the News (Sat 26 Jul 08)

  
  The Individualist: Dravidian language family
The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 26 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka, as well as certain areas in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and eastern and central India, as well as in parts of Afghanistan and Iran.
The existence of the Dravidian language family was first suggested in 1816 by Alexander D. Campbell in his Grammar of the Teloogoo Language, in which he and Francis W. Ellis argued that Tamil and Telugu were descended from a common, non-Indo-European ancestor.
A grammar of the Teloogoo language, commonly termed the Gentoo, peculiar to the Hindoos inhabiting the northeastern provinces of the Indian peninsula / by A.D. Campbell.
www.dadamo.com /wiki/wiki.pl/Dravidian_language_family   (0 words)

  
  Language - MSN Encarta
In northern Asia there are a number of languages that appear either to form small, independent families or to be language isolates, such as the Chukotko-Kamchatkan language family of the Chukchi and Kamchatka peninsulas in the far east of Russia.
The family stretches from the eastern edge of Siberia to the Aleutian Islands, and across Alaska and northern Canada to Greenland, where one variety of the Inuit language, Greenlandic, is an official language.
Languages of the Algonquian and Iroquoian families constitute the major indigenous languages of northeastern North America, while the Siouan family is one of the main families of central North America.
encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761570647_5/Language.html   (1293 words)

  
 Chinese Language Facts
The Chinese language (spoken in its standard Mandarin form) is the official language of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, one of four official languages of Singapore, and one of six official languages of the United Nations.
The terms and concepts used by Chinese to think about language are different from those used in the West, partly because of the unifying effects of the Chinese characters used in writing, and partly because of differences in the political and social development of China in comparison with Europe.
China language mapMost linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
www.languagehelpers.com /languagefacts/chinese.html   (1603 words)

  
 The Australian Language Family
The misconception that there was only one native language in Australia was just one of many that would hinder the acceptance of the aboriginal people and the study of their languages.
Their languages were thought to consist of vocabularies ranging from 100 to 300 words and incapable of discussing abstract thoughts (Dixon 4-5).
The Australian language family is a diverse and unfamiliar linguistic realm.
www.mega.nu:8080 /ampp/australia.html   (3299 words)

  
 Iranian Language Family
In this process, the languages of the earliest tribes to settle in the Iranian Plateau (Medes, Parthians, and Persians) came to form the “Western Iranian” branch of this family, while the languages of most of the nomadic tribes and a few who settled in Central Asia are categorised as “Eastern Iranian”.
Middle Persian was initially the language of the province of Pars (Persis), the heart of the Achaemenid (and later Sasanian) empires, and a semi-autonomous kingdom during the Parthian period.
The language of the new rulers, Middle Persian, thus became the dominant language of the empire.
www.iranologie.com /history/ilf.html   (4556 words)

  
 Dravidian Language Family
Languages of the World is brought to you by the National Virtual Translation Center.
At present, speakers of the Dravidian languages are concentrated in the southern portion of India, while speakers of the Indo-Aryan language predominate in the northern portion of the country.
All four languages are characterized by a dichotomy between the standardized, formal language and colloquial speech.
www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/april/DravidianLanguageFamily.htm   (0 words)

  
 The Family channel » Netscape.com   (Site not responding. Last check: )
Family – The actions of a Rye Playland employee who was killed on a ride left park officials at a loss yesterday to explain exactly what led to her death.
Family – Children rank as the highest source of personal fulfillment for their parents but have dropped to one of the least-cited factors in a successful marriage, according to a national survey to be released today.
Family – When you have a family, buying a house and moving can be an especially challenging and stressful time, both for you as well as for your children.
family.netscape.com   (1037 words)

  
 Linguistic Features of the Chinese Language Family
The Chinese languages and their dialects are characterized linguistically as isolating, or analytic, in that word units do not change due to inflection.
The customary translation of the Chinese term for these regional languages is often rendered into English as "dialect" from its literal meaning of "regional speech." It is common to regard the term "language" as a marker of political boundaries or ethnic identity, even when historical linguistic evidence might suggest otherwise.
This is reinforced by the semantic word-root representation of Chinese characters in the literary language as it appeared in semi-literary and colloquial usages.
servercc.oakton.edu /~billtong/chinaclass/Language/linguistics.htm   (1704 words)

  
 STEDT: The Sino-Tibetan Family
Thus, the 20,000 speakers of a certain language of Nagaland call themselves and their language Memi (and used to call themselves Imemai), but they and their language are now known to outsiders either as Mao, or as Sopvoma (the name of their principal village).
A further complication is the fact that many language names are used in both a narrower and a broader sense, sometimes referring to one specific language, but often to a whole group of linguistically or culturally related languages.
Ersu/Tosu is perhaps an indirect descendant of the extinct Xixia (=Hsi-hsia=Tangut) language, spoken in a once-powerful empire in the Tibetan-Chinese-Uighur border regions, finally destroyed by the Mongols in the 13th c.
stedt.berkeley.edu /html/STfamily.html   (3044 words)

  
 Languages : Indo-European Family
Languages that are scattered around the world as their speakers are part of diasporas.
Lithuanian is one of the oldest of the Indo-European languages.
Armenian is spoken in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh (an enclave in Azerbaijan).
www.krysstal.com /langfams_indoeuro.html   (1891 words)

  
 Language in India
Learning the dominant language may be influenced by many factors including the linguistic differences between the dominant language and the language of the minority, motivation, aptitude, and attitude of the learners.
In this paper, the term 'second language' is used to refer to the language one learns as an additional language after one has acquired their mother tongue and this language is used for day-to-day communication other than in family environment.
The situation, in which a Marathi speaker moves to Gujarat where the language spoken belongs to the same family of language, is different from the situation in which a Marathi speaker moves to Andhra Pradesh where the majority language is Telugu, which belongs to another family.
www.languageinindia.com /march2005/gbalasubramanianattitude2.html   (2508 words)

  
 South Carolina Indians - Language
A language family–or stock, as it is sometimes referred to–is a group of similar languages or dialects.
When a group of languages shows similar vocabulary items, with regular correspondences of sounds, the group is said to have a genetic relationship; that is, the languages are "sister" languages, descended historically from a single origin.
At present, the classification of Native American language families in terms of phyla is a matter of intense controversy.
www.sciway.net /hist/indians/language.html   (800 words)

  
 Nilotic Family
Determining the precise number of Nilotic languages depends on complex issues that involve degree of mutual linguistic comprehension between speakers of different language varieties, and ethnic self-identity.
Generally, linguists say that if two language varieties are not mutually intelligible between their respective speakers, then the varieties should be called distinct "languages" (rather than "dialects of a single language").
Modernly, Nilotic languages are spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
www.uoregon.edu /~dlpayne/Nilotic/NiloticFamily.htm   (0 words)

  
 KryssTal : Language Families
Languages in the same family, share many common grammatical features and many of the key words, especially older words, show their common origin.
The most widely studied family of languages and the family with the largest number of speakers.
The languages of southern India (in contrast to the Indo-European languages of northern India).
www.krysstal.com /langfams.html   (1044 words)

  
 History of the C family of languages
The B language is fast, easy to maintain, and useful for all kinds of development from systems to applications.
He alters the language to be incomprehensible, difficult to maintain, and only useful for systems development.
The language is renamed Java and repositioned as an “Internet” language that is supposed to be portable to many platforms.
dotnetmasters.com /HistoryOfCFamily.htm   (923 words)

  
 Finno-Ugric language family
Komi language is included into the Finno-Ugric language family and forms a Permic group of the Finno-Ugric languages with the Udmurt language, which is the closest to Komi.
Totally 16 languages are included into Finno-Ugric family, which were developed from the united basic language in the deepest antiquity: Hungarian, Mansi, Khanty (The Group of the Ugric languages), Komi, Udmurt (Permic group), Mari, two Mordvin languages - Erzya and Moksha, Balto-Finnic languages - Finnish, Karelian, Izhora, Veps, Vod, Estonian, Liv languages.
In 1918 the Syktyvkar dialect was chosen as a base for the Komi literary language, because it was the central dialect among the Komi ones geographically and linguistically.
www.geocities.com /Athens/2282/finno.html   (5839 words)

  
 Indo-Iranian Languages
This language is primarily spoken in the region of Gujarat in northwestern India, near the Pakistani border.
This language is the official language of Bangladesh, with a population of roughly half the United States, and it is also spoken in northeast India near Bangladesh, including the city of Calcutta.
This is the language spoken by the inhabitants of the well-known region of Punjab, in northwest India.
members.tripod.com /misterhaynes/indoir.htm   (2187 words)

  
 language families of the world
Languages include Hindi and Urdu (400 million), Bengali (200 million), Spanish (300 million), Portuguese (200 million), French (100 million), German (100 million), Russian (300 million), and English (400 million) in Europe and the Americas.
There are three language isolates represented on this map, unrelated to any of the language families: Basque thrives between France and Spain.
The Kartvelian languages are considered by many linguists to be a separate family, possibly related to Indo-European.
webspace.ship.edu /cgboer/languagefamilies.html   (835 words)

  
 language.htm
However it was the great poets and writers of the last century that helped to save it, because their art has elevated the language to new pinnacles and scrubbed off the centuries of abuse, as the language of only the common people.
The linguistic relationship of Hungarian to the Finno-Ugrian language family is rarely contested even by proponents of other theories of origin, only the degree of this supposed exclusive relationship and most especially with the historical consequences based on it.
Hungarian is supposed to be an independent language within this group for at least 4,000 years, based on its many unique features and is also the largest member of the group and the most dissimilar to the rest of this language group.
users.cwnet.com /millenia/language.htm   (1852 words)

  
 Foreign Language--Family Tree Magazine
Most experts agree that truly effective translators virtually must be native speakers of the language.
One easy way to find the right translator for your family treasures is to contact genealogical, historical and ethnic research centers related to your mother tongue.
Or inquire with the genealogical archives in a state where your target language was once widespread (such as Pennsylvania for German, Minnesota for Danish, New Orleans for French).
www.familytreemagazine.com /articles/aug02/translator.html   (574 words)

  
 Sign Language / Family Village
It was written by a sign language instructor and interpreter and the presented lessons will give you all the tools to communicate in sign language.
A sign language video series for hearing infants and children that teaches them basic American Sign Language (ASL) in a fun and memorable way.
This organization creates stories that are written in sign language and thus can be read in sign language.
www.familyvillage.wisc.edu /general/signlanguage.html   (222 words)

  
 Algonquian Language Family (Algonkian Indian Languages, Algic, Algonquian Indians, Algonquians)
Though these languages are most properly known as 'Algic' to linguists (Wiyot and Yurok are not considered closely related enough to qualify as Algonquian, and the broader category Algic includes them as well), 'Algonquian' (also spelled 'Algonkian') is the general term most often used by the Native American people who speak them.
Algonquian Indian languages are not related to Ancient Egyptian, Hebrew, or other Semitic languages; this data was faked.
Algonquian Indian language distribution and the migration of the Algonquians.
www.native-languages.org /famalg.htm   (0 words)

  
 Indo-European Documentation Center
While in 1786 Sir William Jones suggested that similarities among languages such as Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, and Gothic were so striking as to suggest that they were sprung from a common, no-longer existing source, by the nineteenthh century, August Schleicher's Stammbaum had modeled the relations among the Indo-European languages as the branches of a tree.
Recent concerns for integrating factors of time (chronology of the languages) and space (location of the speakers during periods of their history and prehistory) must factor into re-evaluations of all models.
Views concerning the breakup of the initial language family into groups are often related to hypotheses about where the Homeland was.
www.utexas.edu /cola/centers/lrc/iedocctr/ie-lg/ie-lg.html   (265 words)

  
 Iconian language - Memory Alpha, the Star Trek Wiki
All three are descended from the language of the ancient Iconians, and share certain similarities in simple words.
The Zibalian language is written in almost identical characters and in a similar fashion to Iconian.
This suggests either the Zibalian spoken and written language is derived from Iconian, or their spoken language developed separately but their written language was borrowed from the Iconians.
memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Iconian_language_family   (226 words)

  
 Linguist List - Web Resource Listings
Language Aid: Language Aid International is an NGO that promotes the study of both local and foreign languages.
Language Miniatures: A site on which 900-word essays are posted once a month in which a topic relating to all aspects of language and linguistics is presented in an easily readable, non-technical way.
The language partner is someone who speaks the language you study as their native language and is studying your native language.
linguistlist.org /sp/LangAnalysis.html   (7962 words)

  
 Language
language areas of the Italic and neighboring languages, 250 BC Sorbian family tree
major divisions of the Tai and related languages
"language areas of the Italic and neighboring languages, 250 BC."
home.wanadoo.nl /arjenbolhuis/language-family-trees   (0 words)

  
 Concordia Language Villages - Family Programs
There are programs for all ages and language abilities, combining scheduled activities with time to visit with others who share your interest in language and culture.
Helpful instructors create a supportive environment where language learners of all ages can build confidence in their use of a world language.
Families participate in all Salolampi summer activities, learning Finnish language and culture through language groups, stories, games, crafts, meals and hikes.
www.cord.edu /dept/clv/general/adult_family.html   (315 words)

  
 Karletta Chief's Navajo Language Webpage
The Navajo belongs to the Na-Dene Language Family.
The Navajo Language is a very complicated language because it is more condensed than language of the Indo-European Family.
It is also very different from other languages in its grammatical and phonetical structure which may be difficult for one to grasp.
www.u.arizona.edu /~kchief/Language.html   (653 words)

  
 The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL)
XSL is a family of recommendations for defining XML document transformation and presentation.
an expression language used by XSLT to access or refer to parts of an XML document.
Antenna House XSL Formatter V4.1 is now available, and implements the new features of the Extensible stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.1 W3C Recommendation.
www.w3.org /Style/XSL   (0 words)

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