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Topic: Languages of South Africa

	South Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		South Africa is often referred to as The Rainbow Nation - a term coined by Archbishop Desmond Tutu and later elaborated upon by then-President Nelson Mandela as a metaphor to describe the country's newly-developing multicultural diversity in the wake of separatist apartheid ideology.
		South Africa's most prevalent biome is grassland, particularly on the Highveld, where the plant cover is dominated by different grasses, low shrubs, and acacia trees, mainly camel-thorn and whitethorn.
		South Africa is a middle-income country with an abundant supply of resources, well-developed financial, legal, communications, energy, and transport sectors, a stock exchange (the JSE Securities Exchange), that ranks among the 10 largest in the world, and a modern infrastructure supporting an efficient distribution of goods to major urban centres throughout the region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_Africa (6412 words)

	Languages of South Africa: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The english language is a west germanic language that originated in england from old english (anglo-saxon), the language of the anglo-saxons of northern...
		Afrikaans is a west germanic language mainly spoken in south africa and namibia....
		The khoisan languages comprise the smallest phylum of african languages....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/la/languages_of_south_africa.htm (595 words)

	Articles - South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		South Africa has experienced a significantly different evolution than other nations in Africa arising primarily from two facts: immigration from Europe reached levels not experienced in other African communities and a level of mineralogical wealth that made the country extremely important to Western interests particularly during the Cold War.
		The interior of South Africa is a giant, mountainous, and sparsely populated scrubland Karoo plateau, which is drier towards the north-west along the Kalahari desert.
		South Africa also has a large, free, and active press that regularly challenges the government, a habit formed during the apartheid era when the press was the media least controlled by the government.
	www.zdiamond.net /articles/South_Africa (5123 words)

	South Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		South Africa has the largest population of people of European descent in Africa, the largest Indian population in Africa, as well as the largest Coloured (of mixed European and African descent) community in Africa, making it one of the most ethnically diverse countries on the continent.
		The economy of South Africa is the largest and most well-developed of the entire African continent, with modern infrastructure common throughout the country.
		The interior of South Africa is a giant, mountainous, and sparsly populated scrubland Karoo plateau, which is drier towards the north-west along the Kalahari desert.
	www.zdnet.co.za (4882 words)

	South Africa - People - Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Of the official languages Zulu is spoken by the majority, 22,9% of the population (1996).
		South Africa has developed official policies that encourage the linguistic diversity of the country and promote a united democratic nation with respect to language rights and multilingualism.
		The constitution also states that "all official languages must enjoy parity of esteem and must be treated equitably" and that "everyone has the right to receive education in the official language or languages of their choice in public educational institutions".
	www.jyu.fi /viesti/verkkotuotanto/kp/sa/peop_lang.shtml (317 words)

	South Africa Home
		South Africa has a well developed infrastructure (roads, transportation and industrial manufacturing) which places it in a great position to help the economic development in the entire Southern African region and to benefit economically from that development.
		South Africa is the only country that can claim to have one of the world's six floral kingdoms completely within its borders.
		South Africa long ago recognized the richness and diversity of the animals found within its borders, and has a long history of protecting the animals by means of its system of nature reserves and national parks.
	www.questconnect.org /africa_sa.htm (2569 words)

	The languages of South Africa - SouthAfrica.info
		South Africa's Constitution guarantees equal status to 11 official languages to cater for the country's diverse peoples and their cultures.
		According to the 2001 census, isiZulu is the mother tongue of 23.8% of South Africa's population, followed by isiXhosa at 17.6%, Afrikaans at 13.3%, Sepedi at 9.4%, and English and Setswana each at 8.2%.
		South Africa's Asian population, most of whom are Indian in origin, are largely English-speaking, although many also retain their languages of origin.
	www.southafrica.info /ess_info/sa_glance/demographics/language.htm (730 words)

	TRANS Nr. 13: Kathleen Thorpe: Multilingualism and Minority Languages in South Africa - A Discussion Paper
		In South Africa, as in many other countries around the world with either an ethnically mixed population or with a colonial past, language is an extremely emotive issue with economic, social and more often than not, political implications.
		In essence, South Africa is a country made up of language minorities with English as the dominant language in terms of its position as the official means of communication and in its dominance in the media and the economy.
		The African languages are tshi-Venda, xi-Tsonga, isi-Ndebele, isi-Xhosa, isi-Zulu, si-Swati, se-Sotho, se-Tswana and se-Pedi.
	www.inst.at /trans/13Nr/thorpe13.htm (1747 words)

	Ethnologue: South Africa
		ENGLISH [ENG] 3,500,000 in South Africa (1991 Christos van Rensburg), 9.1% of the population (1995 The Economist); 322,000,000 in all countries (1995 WA).
		A language of secondary education and used on the radio and in newspapers.
		(ISIZULU, ZUNDA) [ZUU] 8,778,000 in South Africa (1995), 22.4% of the population (1995 The Economist); 37,480 in Malawi (1966 census); 76,000 in Swaziland (1993 Johnstone); 248,000 in Lesotho (1993); 9,140,000 in all countries.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Sout.html (1514 words)

	African Studies Center \| South Africa Page
		To serve the South African forestry industry by undertaking relevant, timeous research that has the objective of supplying the commercial timer producers with the information required to optimise the beneficial use of forestry resources in South Africa.
		The Southern African Migration Project is a three-year, multi-faceted research programme designed to facilitate the formulation and implementation of new policy initiatives on cross-border population migration in the region and to promote public awareness on the role, status and contribution of foreign immigrants of African origin in South Africa.
		This website includes detailed historical background and description of South Africa's electoral system, election results lookup facility with clickable provincial maps for the 1994 and 1999 general elections, and information about the April 14, 2004 general election.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /Country_Specific/S_Africa.html (777 words)

	AEGiS: South Africa
		South Africa extends nearly 2000 km from the Limpopo River in the north to Cape Agulhas in the south and nearly 1500 km form Port Nolloth in the west to the eastern port city of Durban.
		The HSRC is the largest social science research organisation in Africa and plays a leading role in the fourteen South African Development Community countries, and elsewhere in Africa.
		The Sunday Times is South Africa's largest circulation weekly newspaper, with a readership of more than 2.2 million and a circulation of 459 551 (Audit Bureau of Circulation, July-December 1997).
	www.aegis.com /countries/safrica.html (1806 words)

	Travel to South Africa. Car rental travel in South Africa from Auto Europe.
		South Africa is widely admired for its tremendous natural beauty and the variety of its landscape.
		South Africa's game parks are also a popular attraction.
		South Africa is 7 hours ahead of Eastern Time in the United States and Canada.
	www.autoeurope.com /guides/South_Africa/South_Africa_guide.cfm (481 words)

	South African Languages Bill
		WHEREAS section 6 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, recognises the principle of multilingualism by providing for 11 official languages of South Africa and for all official languages to enjoy parity of esteem and to be treated equitably;
		(2) In addition to the purposes in section 7(b), and subject to the provisions of subsection (5), government documents shall be made available in all 11 official languages, and in cases where this is not feasible, national government departments shall publish documents simultaneously in at least six official languages.
		(3) Where an existing unit in any sphere of government is already involved in language matters, the relevant national department or province may assign such powers and functions to the unit as are necessary for the fulfilment of its obligations in terms of this Act and the Constitution.
	www.pmg.org.za /bills/030804salanguagesbill.htm (2298 words)

	South Africa Languages and Culture
		South Africans have been referred to as the 'Rainbow Nation' a title which illuminates the..
		South Africans have been referred to as the 'rainbow nation', a title which illuminates the country's cultural diversity.
		The population of South Africa is one of the most complex and diverse in the world.
	www.sa-venues.com /sa_languages_and_culture.htm (406 words)

	Africa - Coins of South Africa
		South Africa has a new completely new coat of arms, so being as the circulation coins all show the coat of arms, they too have had to be updated.
		The Ndebele language must have been added as an eleventh language to the series (introduced to the coinage with the first 1 Cent coins of 1997).
		The 2002 dated coins have the words for "South Africa" written in words with just the first letter of each word in upper case, all other letters in lower case - previously all letters of all words were in upper case text.
	www.wbcc.fsnet.co.uk /af-sou.htm (1205 words)

	The Surveillance and Monitoring of Tobacco Control in South Africa
		South Africa is situated at the southernmost tip of Africa and is divided into nine provinces: Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo Province and North West Province.
		It has a population of approximately 43 million, half of whom are under 19 years of age.(1) South Africa is considered a middle-income, developing country and has extremes of wealth and poverty due to 350 years of colonialism and apartheid1.
		The history of tobacco control in SA dates back to the 1970s when tobacco use was banned in cinemas, followed by a ban on smoking on domestic flights.(3) In 1993 the first Tobacco Products Control Act (4) was passed and was implemented in 1995.
	repositories.cdlib.org /tc/whotcp/SAFR2003 (312 words)

	South African Languages \| Afrikaans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The language was promoted alongside Afrikaner nationalism after 1948 and played an important role in minority white rule in Apartheid South Africa.
		With the new constitution of South Africa (1996) it was again accepted as one of the official languages of South Africa.
		It is important to note that Afrikaans is spoken by all races and ethnic groups in South Africa and much has been done in recent years to promote varieties of this language that were suppressed during the years of Apartheid.
	www.cyberserv.co.za /users/~jako/lang/afr.htm (278 words)

	South Africa - Africa Business Etiquette, Manners, Cross Cultural Communication, and Geert Hofstede Analysis - African ...
		South Africa has a population of approximately 40 million people.
		South Africa is considered the industrial giant of Africa.
		South Africans are very casual in their business dealings.
	www.cyborlink.com /besite/africa.htm (551 words)

	AfricanLanguages.com - African Languages info
		It is estimated that there are between 2000 and 3000 languages spoken on the African continent, with possibly as many as 8000 dialects.
		African languages are divided into four major language families, as well as Austronesian.
		Cilubà A beautiful tone language with a rich and complex verbal morphology, spoken in the heart of Africa.
	africanlanguages.com (577 words)

	CanyaSafari - Languages and Cultures of South Africa
		There are 11 official languages in South Africa: Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho (Sotho is only devided into Southern and Northern Sotho, when it comes to schools), Swazi, Tsongo, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu and Pedi.
		The new South African culture is one that emphasises the values of democracy, tolerance and understanding, but of course there are still aspects of the old South Africa that need to be overcome.
		Consequently, the modern South Africa is a vibrant mix of cultures and traditions, with influences from all over the world – Europe, Asia and Africa have all contributed to South African traditions, while the ubiquitous American pop culture has found favour especially amongst the youth.
	www.mysafari.com /canyasafari/sa_info/lang_cult.asp (434 words)

	Ethnologue report for South Africa
		Of those, 24 are living languages, 3 are second language without mother-tongue speakers, and 4 are extinct.
		[swh] 1,000 in South Africa (1987 Schreck and Barrett).
		Ethnic population: 10,000 in South Africa (1972 Barrett).
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=ZA (1109 words)

	LitNet: Taaldebat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		WHEREAS section 6 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, recognises the principle of multilingualism by providing for eleven official languages of South Africa and for all official languages to enjoy parity of esteem and to be treated equitably;
		(ix) “South African languages” mean all the indigenous languages as defined in section 1(ii), as well as all other languages generally used in South Africa, including those referred to in section 6(5)(a) and (b) of the Constitution;
		(3) Where an existing unit in any sphere of government is already involved in language matters, the relevant department or province may assign such powers and functions to the unit as are necessary for the fulfillment of its obligations in terms of this Act and the Constitution.
	www.litnet.co.za /taaldebat/pers5.asp (2266 words)

	Technology to empower South Africa's indigenous languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		CSIR icomtek is part of an international 12-month collaborative effort aimed at developing open source toolsets to extend language technologies to new languages.
		The collaborators are from South Africa, Nigeria, the UK and India.
		"Projects of mutual interest between South Africa and India include the creation of regulatory infrastructure; technology development as the language situations in South Africa and India are very similar, with India having 18 official languages; and scientific collaboration that will focus on the exchange of scientists and expertise," Barnard comments.
	www.csir.co.za /plsql/ptl0002/PTL0002_PGE038_ARTICLE?ARTICLE_NO=7129303 (404 words)

	South Africa Travel Information
		This resource of South Africa travel information is intended to assist travel preperation to South Africa.
		The travel information includes, languages spoken in South Africa, South Africa banking and currency and foreign exchange information.
		South Africa accommodation and tours A South Africa accommodation and tour portal that makes finding accommodation and tourist information easy
	www.sycamore-ave.com /information/south-africa-travel-information.htm (417 words)

	NISC South Africa
		Spoken language corpora for the nine official African languages of South Africa
		In this paper we give an outline of a corpus planning project which aims to develop linguistic resources for the nine official African languages of South Africa in the form of corpora, more specifically spoken language corpora.
		We then give an outline of the design of a spoken language corpus for the nine official African languages of South Africa.
	www.nisc.co.za /oneAbstract?absId=693 (251 words)

	South African Languages \| Sesotho
		Sesotho was one of the first African languages to be reduced to writing, and it has an extensive literature.
		The Sesotho language is governed by the noun, which is split into various classes.
		It is known as an agglutinating language (a combination of simple word elements to express a specific meaning), with many suffixes and prefixes used in sentence construction causing sound changes.
	salanguages.com /ses.htm (273 words)

	Big B promoting Indian languages in South Africa : Bollywood News : ApunKaChoice.Com
		Big B is using his superstar status to promote the speaking of native Indian languages among South African Indians.
		In a significant step Big B recently wrote a formal letter to the chairperson of Institute of Indian Languages in South Africa Veena Laxman stressing the effectiveness of the mother tongue languages in ‘promoting heightened consciousness’.
		Big B’s letter was read on South Africa’s Indian radio station Lotus Fm and invoked a flurry of responses from his Indian fans.
	www.apunkachoice.com /scoop/bollywood/20020709-1.html (164 words)

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