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Topic: Lao Buddhist sculpture

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	Laos - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Laos is a mountainous, landlocked country, bounded on the north by China, on the east by Vietnam, on the south by Cambodia, and on the west and northwest by Thailand and Myanmar (formerly known as Burma).
		The precepts of Theravada Buddhism dictate the principles of Lao architecture and inspire the scenes that are often carved or painted in murals on temple walls.
		Laos has a total labor force of 2.3 million, of whom 85 percent are in agriculture, 4 percent are in industry, and 11 percent are in the service sector.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761551958__1/Laos.html (6889 words)

	Laos Gallery one - Buddha images in Bronze & Wood
		The ears and usnisa (flame finnial or cranial protuberance on his head) are of the Laos style, the usnisa being in the form of a square Laos pagoda is separately cast and removable a clear indication of an earlier date.
		The people of Laos as is the case in Burma, made all their images considerably heavy due to the thickness of bronze in the casting, not acquiring the expertise and finesse of there Thai counterparts.
		Together with the fact that Laos unlike its neighbours Thailand and Burma did not cast images in the same quantity, probably due to population county topography and the fact that a lot of historic sights were lost forever during the US bombing campaign.
	www.gandhara.com.au /laos1.html (678 words)

	Mark and Jo's travels
		He exiled the king and his family to a cave somewhere in Northern Lao never to be seen or heard from again, and 10% of the population left the country.
		Originally the Kingdom of Laos was called ‘Lan Xang’ (Land of a million elephants) and Luang Prabang was the capital of this kingdom until 1545.
		Naturally we visit some more Buddhist temples; Haw Pha Kaew (which originally housed the Emerald Buddha in Bangkok, was burnt and rebuilt in the 1930s), and Pha That Luang, a giant golden stupa and most important national monument in Laos.
	www.geocities.com /markandjostravels/laos.html (2566 words)

	Travel abroad
		Every Lao Buddhist male is expected to become a monk for a short period of his life, usually between school and starting a career or getting married.
		The official language of Laos is Lao, as spoken and written in Vientiane.
		Rice is the foundation for all Lao meals, and almost all dishes are cooked with fresh ingredients such as vegetables, freshwater fish, poultry, duck, pork, beef or water buffalo.
	www.realasia.net /Laos2.htm (385 words)

	Crunruh Books Buddhism
		Large-scale clay sculptures representing the main deities are characteristics of the earliest Tibetan Buddhist monuments and particularly of the monasteries and village-temples built -from the end of the 10th to the early 13th centuries in West Tibet and Ladakh.
		Buddhist Sculpture of Shanxi Province is a comprehensive study of painted Buddhist sculptures in major temples of the Shanxi province.
		The Lao Buddha images were found not only in Laos but also in Thailand, especially in the upper northeastern region that was once part of the Kingdom of Laos.
	www.crunruh.com /category/11 (1099 words)

	Laos: Buddhist sculpture
		The period from 1500-1695 is generally regarded as the ‘golden age’ of the Lao Buddha image, and many magnificent examples of religious sculptural art from this period may still be seen today in Ho Phra Keo, Wat Sisakhet and the Luang Prabang National Museum.
		However, with the demise of Lane Xang and the growth of Siamese influence in the region during the 18th century, Lao sculptors fell increasingly under the influence of the contemporaneous Ayutthaya and Bangkok (Rattanakosin) styles.
		Lao Buddha sculpture uses a variety of mediums, including bronze, wood, gold and silver and precious stones.
	www.culturalprofiles.org.uk /laos/Directories/Laos_Cultural_Profile/-1189.html (419 words)

	Thai Dutch Connection - Bangkok - Thailand
		Laos is the least developed and most enigmatic of the three former French Indochinese states.
		Laos is bordered by Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, China and Myanmar (Burma).
		The Thais eventually ceded all of Laos to the French, who were content to use the territory merely as a buffer between its colonial holdings and Siam.
	www.tdc.in.th /laos.htm (2706 words)

	LAOS PRE-DEPARTURE KIT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Dress in Laos tends to be quite casual because of the warm, humid, tropical climate.
		Laos is known for its sculpture (strongly influenced by Thai culture) and its classical and folk music.
		Roughly half the population are ethnic Lao or Lao Loum.
	www.mythsandmountains.com /pre-departure/part2/laos_pre.htm (2843 words)

	Luang Prabang Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		During the ascendance of the Chenla kingdom, centred in southern Laos and northern Cambodia between the 6th and 8th centuries, the area became known as Muang Sawa, the Lao rendering of 'Java'.
		According to official Pathet Lao (PL) history the 1975 Revolution prevented the prince's actual coronation, though many Lao and foreign diplomats insist he was crowned before the PL deposed him.
		By the time Laos finally reopened to tourism in 1989, after the fall of the USSR and Soviet bloc governments, Luang Prabang had become a ghost of its former grand self due to collectivisation of the economy and the resulting exodus of nearly 100,000 businesspeople, aristocracy and intelligentsia.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/asia/laos/luang-prabang?v=print (2797 words)

	[No title]
		Lao art is well known for its wealth of ornamentation.
		There is not as wide a range of art in Laos as in Thailand, as the country has been constantly dominated by foreign powers that tended to suppress indigenous culture.
		Sculpture in Laos is more distinctive in style, the best pieces originating from the 16th to 18th centuries.
	www.trailsofasia.com /country/laos/arts.htm (266 words)

	Timeline, History, Three Main Buddhist Schools in Asia - Japanese Buddhism Photo Dictionary
		The foundations of Buddhist philosophy proclaim that all worldly phenomena is unsatisfactory, transient and impermanent; there is nothing one can call one's own; the world is an illusion; and our suffering is caused by our clinging to the world of illusion (the world of desire).
		Mahadeva was a charismatic leader and he resonated with a cord deep in Buddhist society because many lay people objected to the god-like power and respect that enlightened arahants had within temple life.
		They argued that a Buddhist practitioner, monastic or lay, should strive to become a Bodhisattva (Bosatsu), one who postpones their full enlightenment until they can become a Buddha and thus be instrumental in leading other beings to enlightenment.
	www.onmarkproductions.com /html/schools-three-vehicles.shtml (5794 words)

	LAOS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		During WWII, the Japanese occupied Indochina and a Lao resistance group, Lao Issara, was formed to prevent the return of the French.
		Two-thirds of Laos is forested and only 10 per cent of the country is considered suitable for agriculture.
		The Lao kip is the only legal currency, but Thai baht and US dollars are regularly accepted, particularly in the cities.
	members.home.nl /walkabout/achtergronden/achtergronden_laos.html (2545 words)

	Laotian Buddhism
		Buddhism has been the state religion of the Kingdom of Laos, and the organization of the Buddhist community of monks and novices, the clergy (sangha), paralleled the political hierarchy.
		In 1353, after Laos had been ruled by Khmers from Angkor, then by Thais from Sukhothai, a Lao prince Fa-Ngum returned from exile in Cambodia to establish a kingdom called Lane Xang, or the Kingdom of the "Million Elephants".
		The French collapse in Southeast Asia in 1954 led to a coalition government in which both Lao royalists and Lao communists were represented.
	manjushri.acumaestro.com /TEACH/laos.html (597 words)

	Laos Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		From the fertile lowlands of the Mekong River valley to the rugged Annamite highlands, Laos is the highlight of Southeast Asia.
		A ruinous sequence of colonial domination, internecine conflict and dogmatic socialism finally brought the country to its knees in the 1970s, and almost 10% of the population left the country.
		During this three-day Buddhist festival (usually held in February) worshippers wind their way up and around Wat Phu Champasak, praying and leaving offerings; bands play traditional and modern music; young and old dance together; and Thai boxing, comedy shows and cockfights all add to the entertainment.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/asia/laos?v=print (3286 words)

	Lecture On Zen
		Once upon a time, there was a Zen student who quoted an old Buddhist poem to his teacher, which says: ‘The voices of torrents are from one great tongue, the lions of the hills are the pure body of Buddha.” "Isn't that right?" he said to the teacher.
		Then you are on a squirrel cage, hopelessly condemned to what the Buddhists call _samsára_, the round, or rat-race of birth and death, because you think you're going to go somewhere.
		But if you really understand that Zen, that Buddhist idea of enlightenment is not comprehended in the idea of the transcendental, neither is it comprehended in the idea of the ordinary.
	www.buddhistinformation.com /zen/lecture_on_zen.htm (4684 words)

	Antiques, Regional Art, Asian, Southeast Asian, Sculpture on Trocadero
		The wide lap on this image is typical of post Khmer Buddhas on which the earliest Lao Buddhist art drew inspiration.
		Lao Buddhist iconography has always been influenced by it’s neighbors sometimes making difficult to distinguish it from Lanna and later Thai art but this piece is classic Lao in having the wide round ears and long narrow lobes below as well as the “bell” shaped base.
		This lovely buddhist sculpture is exquisitely and elegantly modeled showing the buddha's tranquil expression.
	www.trocadero.com /directory/Antiques:Regional_Art:Asian:Southeast_Asian:Sculpture80.html (743 words)

	Mut Mee - Sculpture Park in Nong Khai
		As a Lao national, he first started to produce sculpture on the riverbank on the Lao side of the Maekong river.
		The greatest sculpture of all is the Wheel of Life at the far end of the park.
		The Buddhist elements of heat, breath, wisdom and change are represented, as are the stages of birth, aging, suffering and death.
	www.mutmee.net /030010_sculpture_park.htm (603 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Laos was proclaimed in 1893 as a protectorate of France (pls.
		LAOS was a unification of LuangPrabang, Vientiane, Champasack kingdoms.
		The Lao people's emotion ran so high that most of the young Lao were ready to join the battle field and gave their lives for Lao territory.
	www.lao.net /html/Tai-Lao.hist (17334 words)

	[No title]
		This large bronze statue of the Buddha, dating from the mid to late 19th century, is extraordinary for both its size and the gracefullness of its depiction.
		A wonderful investment for the collector of Asian and Buddhist art, the classic Ava features of the face combine with the slender contours of the body, clear yet subtle depiction of the Konbaung era robing, and almost Thai gracefullness of the elongated hands and...
		Damaged base as may be noted in photos and head appears to have been broken off and a reattached but almost impossible to notice except for very fine and impossible to photo h...
	www.fareastasianart.com /directory/Southeast_Asian:Sculpture.html (562 words)

	Saving Luang Prabang's Pak Ou Caves - Dok Champa Jul-Sep 1997
		But that isn’t done in Laos, so in a sense they’re interfering with the artistic intent of the sculptures, and once the gold leaf has been attached to the sculpture, it can’t be removed."
		Little archaeological research has been done at the caves, but some resin figures indicate that the site may have been used for spirit worship prior to the 16th century, and ceramic shards have been discovered which may be prehistoric.
		Traditionally, Lao monarchs visited the caves once a year at Pimai, or Lao New Year, and commissioned statues to be placed inside them.
	www.mekongexpress.com /laos/articles/dc_0997_savingcaves.htm (917 words)

	Bronze Buddhist Sculpture from Thailand, Burma, Laos & Cambodia
		Bronze Buddhist Sculpture from Thailand, Burma, Laos and Cambodia
		The wax is then sculptured to form every minute detail including the facial features, decorative patterns and clothing, any mark on the wax will be transferred to the cast metal.
		All sculptural detail is carved in the wax state not applied as separate pieces (as in Sukhothai), that includes the smooth bump-like curls, which were formed by pressing a concave dome shaped tool into the wax.
	www.gandhara.com.au /sculpture_info.html (1790 words)

	MUONGLAO.COM \| Vat Ong Teu
		or Ong Teu Temple is one of the well-known Buddhist pagodas in Vientiane, the capital city of the Lao PDR.
		It was used as the center for Buddhist religious ceremonies and state activities all year-round.
		Besides the main temple, Lao styles of sculpture are also added to the attraction of this genuinely historic temple.
	www.muonglao.com /vatongteu.html (376 words)

	Laos
		This is a huge sculpture garden designed and built by a priest which was started in 1958 and continues today.
		The concrete sculptures depict almost all Buddhist and Hindu deities and are dominated by a colossal reclining Buddha.
		Broken and dusty Buddha statues in an alcove in Wat Si Saket in Vientiane.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /celynog/laos.htm (224 words)

	Untitled Document
		The faith was introduced beginning in the 8th century by Mon Buddhist monks.
		This King invited his Buddhist teacher at the Khmer court to act as his advisor and chief priest, brought with him a sculpture of the Buddha standing, and makes Theravada the national religion as it has remained to the present day.
		The Siamese kingdom, with its new capital Bangkok, grew stronger and Laos again had to obey Siamese overlords.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~lkhowong/BuddhisminLaos.htm (573 words)

	Bibliography of Daoism (Taoism) \| Taoism \| Daoism
		Altschuler, Daniel L. The Source of Ch'an Theory and Practice: An Examination of the background surrounding Hui-kuang fan-zhao in Taoist, Buddhist, and Indian Traditions.
		'The Religious and Philosophical Significance of the 'Hsiang Erh' Lao Tzu in the Light of the Ma-wang-tui Silk Manuscripts.' Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 45: 95-117..
		Buddhist Translations in the Northern Song.' Asia Major (3rd s.) 5.2: 79-93..
	www.daoiststudies.org /bibliography.php (3035 words)

	SUNY Press :: Lao-tzu and the Tao-te-ching
		Furthermore, the authors are uniformly both critical (in a positive sense, as all good scholars should be) and sympathetic (as befitting students of other cultures).
		I particularly appreciate the open-minded manner in which Buddhist art, legend, and scripture are dealt with here in spite of the fact that the subject could not be more Taoist.
		He is the author of The Tao of the Tao-te-ching and Tao and Method: A Reasoned Approach to the Tao-te-ching, both published by SUNY Press.
	www.sunypress.edu /details.asp?id=53775 (543 words)

	Tao And Buddhist WebRing
		Based on Buddhist and Taoist ideas expressed in the book, The Mindful Hiker:On the Trail to Find the Path by Stephen Altschuler, who teaches Tai Chi at a college in northern California.
		Buddhist, Hindu, and Taoist themed shirts, candles, statues, and artwork.
		360-434) was a neo-Taoist Buddhist scholar who first proclaimed in China (and was exiled for) the doctrine of the universal Buddha Nature based upon the Nirvana Sutra, chapter 12, included here.
	o.webring.com /hub?ring=tao2 (930 words)

	Antique Buddha Sculpture, Buddha Statues, Buddha Images and Art
		Based in Singapore, we are the premier re-sellers of rare antique Buddha images, Buddha sculpture, rare Buddha statues, and art originally from Southeast Asia.
		Lao Buddha The Image And Its History by Somkiart Lopetcharat US$105.00 + US$20.00 (shipping by airmail).
		The Sacred Sculpture Of Thailand by Hiram W. Woodwrd, Jr.
	www.antiquebuddhas.com (616 words)

	Lonely Planet -- Destination: Laos
		The highest mountain is Phu Bia (2819 metres) in northern Laos.
		Laos: Beyond the Revolution edited by Joseph Zasloff and Leonard Unger.
		Read the paper presented by the delegation of the Lao Human Rights Council, participating in a conference of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations to defend the rights of Hmong people and other minorities in Laos.
	home.online.no /~torsu/laosinfo.htm (2662 words)

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