
	Where results make sense

Topic: Lapse rate

Related Topics

Adiabatic

In the News (Tue 17 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Adiabatic lapse rate Summary
		The atmospheric lapse rate, combined with adiabatic cooling and heating of air related to the expansion and compression of atmospheric gases, present a unified model explaining the cooling of air as it moves aloft and the heating of air as it descends downslope.
		The adiabatic lapse rate is the rate of temperature change that occurs in an atmosphere as a function of elevation, assuming that air behaves adiabatically (thermally insulated).
		In general, a lapse rate is the rate at which an atmospheric variable (usually temperature) decreases with altitude.
	www.bookrags.com /Adiabatic_lapse_rate (2018 words)

	Lapse Supported Insurance Analysis
		A good way to size up whether a lapse support problem exists is to ask the actuary to give you the profitability test with a zero lapse rate, or, with the assumptions mandated by the life illustration rules for determining disqualifying lapse support.
		The fundamental problem with lapse support is that the higher the assumed lapse rate, the lower the premium, the better the perceived bargain, and the lower the resultant lapse rate.
		The tendency of the lapse rate to move away from any reasonable projection explains the bad reputation, but unless design modifications that increase early benefits are possible (such as the CSV rider), all you can do is pay close attention to the lapse assumption at time of pricing, and then track it closely.
	www.cooperconnect.com /Checklists/LapseSupported.htm (3939 words)

	Lapse Rate Help (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Lapse rate is defined as the rate at which temperature decreases per unit increase in altitude.
		For exmaple, if the temperature is 20 degrees C at the surface and 10 degrees C at 2 km altitude, the lapse rate is - (10-20)/(2-0) = 5 degrees C/km.
		Note that the lapse rate is defined to be positive when the temperature gets colder as one moves upward (the usual state of affairs for Earth's troposphere).
	www.ldeo.columbia.edu /edu/dees/ees/help/lapse_help.html (73 words)

	Cascade Paragliding Club
		Dry Adiatic Lapse Rate (DALR): The change in temperature a parcel of air undergoes due to expansion as it is lifted.
		This lapse rate varies depending on the original temperature of the rising air, and averages about 3 degrees F or 1.7 degrees C per 1000 feet.
		Stability: Unstable air occurs when the actual lapse rate is greater than the DALR, conditionally unstable air when the actual lapse rate is between the DALR and the MALR, and stable air when the actual lapse rate is less than the MALR.
	www.cascadeparaglidingclub.org /pages/mm5.php (1354 words)

	Biometeorology 2000 Atmospheric Stability
		It is critical to understand the difference between the lapse rates for a rising parcel and those of the surrounding environment.
		In the first example, suppose that the actual lapse rate or rate of temperature change with height in the free atmosphere is exactly equal to the dry adiabatic rate.
		As a result, the rate of condensation becomes smaller as the parcel rises, and the associated latent heat release is reduced.
	psb.usu.edu /courses/bmet2000/stability.html (1998 words)

	Gliding Magazine \| Features
		This is known as the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR).
		Lapse Rate is the term for the decrease of temperature with height.
		This means the lapse rate is greater than a Dry Adiabatic.
	www.glidingmagazine.com /ListFeatureArticleDtl.asp?id=151 (1300 words)

	OUP Canada: Unit 08
		This rate of temperature decrease with altitude increase is known as a lapse rate.
		The environmental lapse rate (ELR) is the mean lapse rate of the troposphere, and its value is 0.650Â° C/100 m.
		The lapse rate of an air parcel saturated with water vapour in which condensation is occurring; unlike the dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR) the value of the SALR is variable, depending on the amount of water condensed and latent heat released.
	www.oup.com /ca/he/companion/deblij/st_index/st_guide/unit8 (1014 words)

	stability
		By noting the environmental lapse rate and comparing the temperature of a rising parcel to the temperature of the environment at the same level, we can determine whether the atmosphere is absolutely stable, absolutely unstable, or conditionally unstable.
		In each situation, the lapse rate in the layer of air decreases due to the cooling of the bottom or heating of the top of the layer.
		Hence, the condition of conditional instability is whether the air parcel is cooling/heating at the moist adiabatic lapse rate, or the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
	www.meteor.wisc.edu /~aos100-2/stability (2147 words)

	Subsidence Inversions - Conditional Stability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Any lapse rate in which the temperature decreases at a rate greater than 5.4F per 1000 feet is absolutely unstable.
		Any lapse rate in which the temperature decreases at a rate less than 2.0F per 1000 feet, or if the temperature increases with altitude, is absolutely stable.
		Any decrease of temperature with increase in altitude that falls between the moist and the dry adiabatic lapse rates indicates that the parcel of air is conditionally either stable or unstable depending on its moisture content.
	www.maybeck.com /inversions/fig1.html (132 words)

	Stability & Cloud Development
		When the environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic rate an air parcel cools more quickly than the surrounding air mass.
		Since the moist adiabatic rate must be less than the environmental lapse rate for stable conditions to exist, a moderate to small environmental lapse rate enhances stability in the atmosphere.
		One is a steep environmental lapse rate resulting from cool air aloft (brought on by cold advection, the environmental lapse rate or both) coupled with warm air at the surface (caused by daytime solar heating, warm advection, or a warm surface).
	imnh.isu.edu /digitalatlas/clima/imaging/clddev.htm (1673 words)

	Lapse rates and clouds
		The decrease in temperature with elevation is called the environmental lapse rate of temperature or normal lapse rate of temperature.
		Recall that the normal lapse rate of temperature is the average lapse rate of temperature of.65
		The reason for the difference in the two rates is due to the liberation of latent heat as a result of condensation.
	www.uwsp.edu /geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/atmospheric_moisture/lapse_rates_1.html (665 words)

	Terrestrial and astronomical refractions
		A constant lapse rate corresponds to a constant terrestrial refraction coefficient, which is the ratio k of curvatures of the ray and the Earth.
		But the lapse rate near the ground is restricted to the bottom of the boundary layer; the air above that is basically unconnected to the air lower down.
		But the lapse rate near the ground is changing rapidly near sunrise and sunset, because of the rapid transition between solar heating of the surface during the day and radiative cooling of the surface at night.
	mintaka.sdsu.edu /GF/explain/atmos_refr/terrestrial.html (1916 words)

	Basics of Long Term Care Insurance
		A lapse is the cancellation of coverage due to the non-payment of premiums.
		Lapse rates can be an important component of the pricing of long term care insurance plans.
		While individual long term care insurance lapse rates appear to reach levels between 3% and 4%, the group long term care insurance lapse rates are generally in the 2% range.
	www.ltcfeds.com /start/aboutltci_lapse.html (334 words)

	Lecture 13
		The environmental lapse rate is shown in the center of the diagram.
		To the left of the environmental lapse rate is shown the effect of lifting an air parcel according to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
		To the right of the environmental lapse rate is shown the effect of lifting a moist parcel according to the moist adiabatic lapse rate.
	lasp.colorado.edu /~atoc1050/lectur14.htm (833 words)

	Lapse rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The lapse rate is defined as the negative of the rate of change in temperature with height observed while moving upwards through an atmosphere.
		The dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR) is the negative of the rate at which a rising parcel of unsaturated air, such as a thermal, will change temperature.
		The varying environmental lapse rates throughout the earth's atmosphere are of critical importance in meteorology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lapse_rate (1000 words)

	Lapse rates, Moisture, Clouds and Thunderstorms.
		If the environmental lapse rate is less than the adiabatic lapse rate, rising parcels will quickly become colder than their surroundings (even if they started up a bit warmer) and sink.
		Unlike the dry adiabatic lapse rate the moist one is not constant, because the dependence of saturation on temperature is exponential (see above section 6.2), and the colder the air gets, the less water condenses per degree of cooling (confirm that with the aid of Fig 5).
		In Fig 6 the atmospheric lapse rate is identical to that shown earlier in Fig 2.
	eesc.columbia.edu /courses/ees/climate/lectures/atm_phys.html (5461 words)

	Explanation of Atmospheric Stability/Instability - by Steve W. Woodruff
		This heat energy is released thus lowering the rate at which the air parcel cools as it ascends.
		This rate is constant until the air parcel in ascent becomes saturated (reaches its dew point temperature).
		The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is variable since it largely depends on how much latent heat is made available within the air parcel as its moisture condenses.
	www.piercecollege.com /offices/weather/stability.html (2693 words)

	NOAA - National Weather Service -
		An atmospheric condition that exists when the environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
		The rate of decrease of temperature experienced by a parcel of air when it is lifted in the atmosphere under the restriction that it cannot exchange heat with its environment.
		For parcels that remain unsaturated during lifting, the (dry adiabatic) lapse rate is 9.8°C per kilometer.
	www.weather.gov /glossary/index.php?letter=a (5004 words)

	Notes on “Air Temperature and Clouds With Flow Over a Mountain” (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Dew Point Lapse Rate à the rate of change of the dew point temperature in a DRY (unsaturated) rising or sinking air parcel.
		The parcel is still continuing to ascend, but the lapse rate changes due to condensational warming.
		This release of latent heat is what reduces the lapse rate to 6°C per kilometer (in other words, the release of heat due to condensation is added to the DALR (10°C per kilometer) and the result is about 6°C per kilometer (or the MALR)).
	www.atmos.uiuc.edu /~snodgrss/Airflow_over_mtn.html (878 words)

	Adiabatic Processes
		This rate of temperature change of unsaturated air with changing altitude is called the dry adiabatic lapse rate: the rate of change of the temperature of rising or subsiding air when no condensation is taking place (we'll talk about the condensation part shortly).
		The rate of temperature change as you rise in still air is not as great as the rate of change of rising air; that is, the air parcel does not cool off as fast.
		This is called the Saturated adiabatic lapse rate (or the wet adiabatic lapse rate, or the moist adiabatic lapse rate, depending on the textbook you are using).
	daphne.palomar.edu /jthorngren/adiabatic_processes.htm (1264 words)

	Schultz, Schumacher, and Doswell (2000): The Intracacies of Instabilities
		Definitions of conditional instability include both the lapse-rate definition (i.e., the environmental lapse rate lies between the dry- and the moist-adiabatic lapse rates) and the available-energy definition (i.e., a parcel possesses positive buoyant energy; also called latent instability), neither of which can be considered an instability in the classic sense.
		Thus, the ordinary differential equation (1), which is cumbersome to use because the z dependence of the parcel temperature is not explicit, is replaced by (3), which is easier to use because the lapse rates are known quantities.
		In general, (b) is not met either, as the lapse rate of the environmental sounding typically varies with height.
	www.nssl.noaa.gov /~schultz/csi/reply.html (4148 words)

	AtmoSphere - pages/lapseratesalevel.html
		The rate at which the parcel cools, the DALR (dry adiabatic lapse rate), stays constant at 9.8 c per 1000m.
		The saturated lapse rate has to take into account the fact the energy is released when water condenses (called the latent heat).
		The SALR (saturated adiabatic lapse rate) range from 4 C per 1000m to as high as 9 C per 1000m.
	atschool.eduweb.co.uk /kingworc/departments/geography/nottingham/atmosphere/pages/lapseratesalevel.html (458 words)

	LAPSE RATES
		This rate of cooling is known as the Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) which is a variable rate (I often say, like my mortgage, but in fact I have a capped rate...) - an average figure is 6.5
		The rate of temperature change for unsaturated 'dry' air is 10ºC per 1000m (a fixed rate) - higher than the average ELR.
		This rate is known as the SALR (Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate), and is variable depending on the amount of water vapour.
	www.geographypages.co.uk /lapse.htm (696 words)

	Lab 5:Stability,Clouds,Precip.htm
		To use the moist adiabatic lapse rate, the air parcel temperature must be equal to the dew point.
		We can calculate at the average lapse rate of the layer by using the temperatures at the base to the top of the layer or we can look at the sum of the individual layers weighted for there percentage thickness of the total.
		Environmental lapse slope is between the dry adiabatic lapse rate and moist rate.
	www.borg.com /~glenn/umuc/171/lab05/lab05.htm (5843 words)

	lab5-key.htm
		Use the air temperature curve (environmental lapse rate), dew-point curve, and the adiabatic lapse rates relationships in your explanation.
		Ans 1e: Environmental lapse rate less than dry adiabatic lapse rate of 5.5 Fº/1000 feet (10 Cº/km) but greater than moist rate of 3.3 Fº/1000 feet (6 Cº/km) so lifted air is stable if air is dry (unsaturated) and unstable if air is moist (saturated).
		If you calculate the average lapse rate by averaging the two sub layers, make sure you account for the fact that the two sub layers are not of equal depth.
	www.borg.com /~glenn/umuc/171/lab05/lab5-key.htm (2338 words)

	411C: M5, U3, P1: Stable Atmospheres
		The stability of the atmosphere is basically determined by comparing the lapse rate of a parcel of air to the lapse rate of the surrounding air, which we also refer to as the environment.
		Another way of stating that the atmosphere or a layer in the atmosphere is stable is to say that the lapse rate of the rising air is more negative than the lapse rate of the environment.
		A comparison of the dry adiabatic lapse rate to the environmental lapse rate reveals that at every pressure level from 1000 mb (100.0 kPa) to 800 mb (80.0 kPa) the rising parcel is colder than the environment.
	www.shodor.org /os411/courses/411c/module05/unit03/page01.html (958 words)

	Lapse Rates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The rate at which the temperature cools by expansion is called the dry adiabatic lapse rate
		the saturated adiabatic lapse rate depends on the temperature of the saturated air parcel
		Table of the saturated adiabatic lapse rate for parcels at different temperatures
	www.geog.umn.edu /faculty/klink/geog1425/lapse_rates.html (404 words)

	[No title]
		Adiabatic lapse rates refer to the rate of temperature change in the air surrounding a moving air parcel the rate of temperature change in an expanding, rising (i.e.
		moving) air parcel the rate of cooling by expansion (decreasing atmospheric pressure) the rate of temperature change experienced as you walk up a mountain answers b and c 6.
		If the rate of cooling in a rising air parcel is _________ than the rate of cooling in its surrounding air, the rising air mass can be considered _____________.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/adaniels/lapse_rate_problems.doc (225 words)

	QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- SKEW-T / THERMODYNAMICS
		This air (originally at the surface or lower PBL) cools at the dry adiabatic lapse rate until the temperature equals the dewpoint (temperature lapse rate = 10 degrees C per kilometer, dewpoint lapse rate = 2 degrees C per kilometer (dewpoint lapse rate is the same as the mixing ratio lapse rate..
		The dry adiabatic lapse rate is a near constant of 9.8 C/km, however, the wet adiabatic lapse rate is much less of a constant.
		This causes the lapse rate of temperature to increase (temperature decreases more rapidly with height after atmosphere is lifted).
	www.theweatherprediction.com /thermo/qanda (6580 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)