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	Large Group Awareness Training
		A large group awareness training (LGAT) program is a personal development training program in which dozens to hundreds of people are given several hours to several days of intense instruction aimed at helping participants begin to discover what is hindering them from achieving their full potential and living more satisfied lives.
		LGAT programs have also been developed for corporations and public agencies, where the focus is on improving management skills, conflict resolution, general institutional strengthening, and dealing with the eternal problem of employees who drink too much or use too many drugs.
		LGAT gurus claim to know why their participants are not happy or why they are not living fulfilled lives.
	skepdic.com /lgsap.html (1495 words)

	Large Group Awareness Training - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Large Group Awareness Training or LGAT is a mechanism for promoting awareness change and rapid, thorough commitment to a cause or idea.
		LGATs tend to be brief but intense sessions of a few hours or days in which, ideally, participants adopt the message of the 'training' promptly and enthusiastically.
		Critics see the classic LGAT as utilizing peer pressure and group dynamics in a high-pressure sales environment that promotes uncritical psychobabbling togetherness and thus markets nebulous memes, and as fostering a propensity to recruit new participants into a participation-oriented pyramid scheme under the guise of providing useful training.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Large_Group_Awareness_Training (700 words)

	Lessons in Awareness - Training in Power - Induced Psychopathologies
		Because by definition the group is always right and "negative" thinking is unacceptable, the convert's failures become totally his or her responsibility, while his or her doubts and criticisms are suppress or redefined as personal failures.
		The group strengthens the convert's growing dependency by threatening or inflicting punishment whenever the convert or an outside force (e.g., a visit by a family member) disturbs the dissociative equilibrium that enables him or her to function in a closed, no falsifiable system (the "dread" of DDD).
		The group has so monopolized all of the members' perceptions with trivial demands that members lose their perspective as to the enormity of the situation they are in.
	home.comcast.net /~dkmuir/induced.html (5941 words)

	LGAT - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		LGAT is the abbreviation for "Large Group Awareness Training".
		A mechanism to promote awareness change and thorough rapid commitment to a cause or idea.
		Some see the classic LGATs as utilizing peer pressure and group dynamics in a high-pressure sales environment to promote uncritical psycho-babbling togetherness and thus to market nebulous memes and a propensity to recruit new participants into a participation-oriented pyramid scheme under the guise of providing useful training.
	wikipedia.findthelinks.com /lg/LGAT.html (123 words)

	Large Group Awareness Training
		A large group awareness training (LGAT) program is a personal development training program in which dozens to hundreds of people are given several hours to several days of intense instruction aimed at helping participants begin to discover what is hindering them from achieving their full potential and living more satisfied lives.
		LGAT programs have also been developed for corporations and public agencies, where the focus is on improving management skills, conflict resolution, general institutional strengthening, and dealing with the eternal problem of employees who drink too much or use too many drugs.
		We are aware of the role of subjective validation, confirmation bias, wishful thinking, the regressive fallacy, and communal reinforcement in the success of such programs.
	www.skepdic.com /lgsap.html (1507 words)

	The Mary Polaski "L" Series
		A participant-observer study of a Lifespring training reported that one of the subjects suffered a psychological decompensation during the training and had to be removed from the session [7].
		It is a matter of fact that LGAT is not a legally prescribed practice of psychology, and it is undisputed that LGAT is not conducted according to the traditions of psychotherapy.
		LGAT is not a professional practice of psychology, and therefore is not bound by the ethical code of that profession.
	www.rickross.com /reference/landmark/landmark49.html (20152 words)

	STOP-WISE.BIZ : Intruding into the Workplace -- Dr. Margaret Singer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The majority of complaints about this kind of training have centered around the fact that employees weren't informed either about the intensity of the psychological attacks that would be made upon them as individuals or about any underlying belief system or philosophy being taught.
		Having observed a number of LGATs and having interviewed many persons who attended variants of these programs as part of their work assignments, I am astonished at the gross childishness and unkindness of humiliating anyone under the guise of education, experiential learning, or the claim that participation in such travesties enhances work performance.
		The leader trains the group to clap after every sharing, no matter how inane, off target, or incoherent it is. For many, it is heady stuff to have a couple of hundred people clap when they speak a bit to the group.
	www.whyaretheydead.net /misc/work/Intruding_into_the_Workplace.html (8648 words)

	Apologetics research resources on religious cults and sects - LGATs - Large Group Awareness Trainings
		These are "encounter groups" often marketed to businesses as ways of enhancing communication among managers and/or other employees, fostering "group spirit," promoting spiritual development, etcetera.
		Large Group Awareness Training programs are sometimes referred to as "corporate cults." This is due in part to cultic tactics (e.g.
		Includes a good collection of links, and a "fictional LGAT section" with information that is "a stone's throw from the truth" (this approach is probably due to the fact that some LGATs are known for taking legal action against detractors).
	www.apologeticsindex.org /l29.html (487 words)

	Abstracts of Articles in Psychological Journals concerning est and The Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The author describes the effects of Erhard Seminars Training (est) on 67 patients--49 who took est during the course of psychotherapy with him and 18 who were seen for evaluation, consultation, or treatment after having taken est.
		This is the first reported case of adverse psychological effects from this type of training in Great Britain but it closely resembles previous reports from the United States of America.
		Prospective participants also held preparticipation values more similar to those espoused by the LGAT than peer or normative samples, and the three groups failed to be distinguished by their levels of social support.
	home.swbell.net /danchase/forsyk.htm (517 words)

	Erhard Seminars Training: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		(counterculture is a term used to describe a cultural group whose values and norms are at odds with those of the social mainstream....
		Synchronicity is a word created by the switzerlandswiss psychologist carl jung to describe the alignment of "universal forces" with the life experiences...
		Lifespring can refer to a series of new age/human potential training lgats or to the organisation offering such trainings....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/er/erhard_seminars_training.htm (1488 words)

	^ Langone, Michael: "Large Group Awareness Trainings"
		Groups listed, described, or referred to on ICSA's Web sites may be mainstream or nonmainstream, controversial or noncontroversial, religious or nonreligious, cult or not cult, harmful or benign.
		Of 313 inmates who volunteered for est training in a Federal Correctional Institution, 150 were randomly selected for the training, while the balance acted as a waiting-list control group and were given scholarships to be used upon release.
		They were given a full battery of psychological tests and biofeedback instruments, with half of the group pre-tested and half post-tested (to control for the possible contaminating effect of testing).
	www.csj.org /rg/rgessays/rgessay_lgate.htm (1269 words)

	[No title]
		It is the elements of the script of the training, not the personality of the trainers, which make it a harrowing experience for many participants., and which prompts the need for the "hold harmless" warnings about he hazards of the training.
		The concern is with the "script" of the trainings, regardless of who the trainer is (three trainers are on ACCD's Board of Directors, and it once set a goal of having 25 trainers by 2000.) Even if the founder passed completely out of the picture, the script would remain, and would still be a concern.
		The trainings are not a church nor an extension of a church.
	www.empirenet.com /~messiah7/mom_psychtechniq.htm (5011 words)

	Vistar : Cult Status - Large Group Awareness Training - religious cults and sects
		While trainings continued until the mid-Nineties in certain parts of the country, the lawsuits and the bad press crippled the company.
		Most people who study cults conclude that groups like Vistar's, classified as LGATs (Large Group Awareness Trainings), are pathological, but they disagree about the extent of the damage.
		The group was to raise $27,000 and use it to rehab an abandoned house in Minneapolis's Phillips neighborhood.
	www.apologeticsindex.org /news1/an011110-20.html (3871 words)

	A Forensic Psychiatrist Evaluates ESP
		One's rank in the group is constantly visible by scarf color and number of stripes on the scarf, and this is reinforced by a ritual two-handed handshake where the higher rank person's hands go on top.
		The group does make use of "pop psychology" theories, tips for greater efficiency, gimmicks to impress others, and other notions that have already been widely publicized in seminars and books over the decades - so this is hardly technology that the group can claim credit for.
		The group also presents gross oversimplifications of psychological theory and of the human condition (e.g.: "All anger is created as a result of a conflict in values.") The group's leader may have coined some maxims with a ring of truth, but again, this not science.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/dst/www/NXIVM/esp4.html (1481 words)

	Landmark Forum
		Landmark Forum is a large group awareness training program in which up to 150 people take a seminar together aimed at helping them realize their true potential.
		Paul Derengowski, formerly of the Christian cult-watch group Watchman.org, thinks that Landmark "has theological implications." Since the training seems to emphasize that one's past and current beliefs are hindering self-growth, it is easy to see why defenders of traditional religions would fear such programs as Landmark Forum.
		The training emphasizes not only how to communicate better but how to relate better to those around you, as it forces the participant to reflect on and examine his or her life.
	skepdic.com /landmark.html (1984 words)

	Andie's Web - The Book On the Taboo Against Knowing Who You Are - Alan Watts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Occasionally, one rogue trainee in LGAT training (about 1 in 1000) will experience adverse mental effects due to the self-exploratory nature of these realizations, and begin to exhibit signs of paranoia and mild psychosis.
		The theme that runs between Watts' philosophical work and LGAT, is that it operates on the postulate that at the base of reality is nothing, and humanity creates many paths and veils of culture, behavior, philosophy, religion, and science surrounding this vacuum of essential meaninglessness.
		The only outspoken complainers about LGAT and Eastern thought in the United States are cult decriers, claiming self awareness as a threat posed to Western culture and general mental safety.
	sunsite.wits.ac.za /holistic/watts2.htm (1028 words)

	Erhard Seminars Training - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		est (always in lower-case), or Erhard SeminarsTraining, was a controversial New Age large group awareness training(LGAT) seminar program, widespread during the 1970s.
		The "est" principle that we ourselves created thisworld as God and created amnesia so as to play a game on ourselves(or Himself) derives from the writings of Alan Watts, a hipsterpopularizer of religious thought, most notably Zen and othereasternreligions.
		Erhard Seminars Training (est), a pricey, psychobabblingseries of long and demeaning behavior-modification sessions thatpreached the virtue of selfishness.
	www.encyclopedia-of-knowledge.com /?t=EST (566 words)

	Former cult member shares experiences in destructive group
		The group sponsored a contact party in a university room that could be rented out for functions, Ruth said.
		Soon after this, he said he attended his first of three major training sessions in what he thought was supposed to be a self-help organization.
		"The first of the large group awareness training sessions was me and 200 of my closest friends that I just met together, for five days, in a room," Ruth said.
	stater.kent.edu /STORIES_OLD/98SPRING/042198/F3B.HTML (1007 words)

	Psychological Recovery From Mental Abuse An article containing principles of psychological recovery from the mental ...
		Psychological and social techniques are used to induce people to join groups, change their behavior and maintain them as prisoners (this occurs mostly in intense, closed and totalistic groups).
		This is the case regarding not only cults, but also large group awareness training programs, thought reform programs and social influence programs, which are infiltrating training programs for business and industry.
		They come out and have three distinctly different belief systems that have to be integrated and reconciled: the value system that they took with them in the group, what they were taught while in the group, and those two systems must be reconciled with a third one, namely the current situation.
	www.believersweb.org /view.cfm?ID=664 (1003 words)

	Cult News.com: Landmark Education defendant in wrongful death lawsuit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		But in the current litigation filed against Landmark the for-profit privately held company is accused of “grossly negligent, willful, wanton, and intentional and/orreckless disregard and/or indifference” regarding the safety of the man murdered by the former Forum participant.
		The large group awareness training (LGAT) seminar known as the Forum, derives from one first offered by Erhard Seminar Training (EST).
		LGATs also known as mass marathon trainings that focus upon "human potential" have a troubled history and at times have been the focus of personal injury lawsuits.
	www.cultnews.com /archives/000781.html (808 words)

	Werner Erhard, est and the Landmark Forum
		Those of us who have been trained to study philosophy and psychology, who have a deep sense of the nature of speculation and empirical research, are able to recognize the pseudoscientific nature of programs such as est or dianetics.
		We are aware of the role of subjective validation, selective thinking, wishful thinking, and communal reinforcement in the success of such programs.
		And he must do it with a large group, to utilize the power of the group to infect each other.
	home.swbell.net /danchase/est.htm (3080 words)

	Landmark Education -
		Various seminar series which cover a large variety of topics, ranging from general topics such as excellence (the excellence seminar), integrity, extraordinary life ("creating the miraculous" seminar) and commitment, to specific subjects such as money, sex and intimacy (the relationships seminar), and fitness.
		Some commentators have described the Landmark Forum as a large group awareness training (LGAT) program, a view espoused in a University of Denver Ph.D. dissertation by Charles Wayne Denison: "The Children of est: A study of the Experience and Perceived Effects of a Large Group Awareness Training (The Forum)".
		In 1994 Landmark Education sued Cynthia Kisser, the Executive Director of the original Cult Awareness Network, which had issued leaflets containing a list of purported "Destructive Cult Organizations" which included "The Forum." Under oath, Kisser stated that she did not hold the personal opinion that Landmark Education constituted a cult.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Landmark_Education (5981 words)

	Indexes - Psychotherapy Cults & Isms
		Verifiable proof is defined as a disinterested source independent of your group such as newspaper, encyclopedia, public records and similar sources.
		Any group or individual who wishes to supply a rebuttal to any information presented on this site may do so at any time.
		E-Mails with attachments are automatically deleted unread due to the large number of virus attacks we received in the past.
	www.caic.org.au /zpsyther.htm (276 words)

	The Awareness Page
		This page is created to help build awareness of the various types of self awareness programs that are out in the marketplace.
		The Awareness Page webmaster and ISP are not responsible for content on external websites.
		An information packet on Large Group Awareness Trainings is available for $18 from AFF and can be
	perso.wanadoo.fr /eldon.braun/awareness (828 words)

	Erhard Seminars Training
		Est or Erhard Seminars Training, was a controversial large group awareness training (lgat) program popular during the 1970s.
		The first seminar was conducted by Werner Erhard (born Jack Rosenberg) in October 1971.
		[2] "Research on Erhard Seminar Training in a Correctional Institution" (Hosford, Ray, E., Moss, C. Scott, Cavior, Helene, & Kerish, Burton.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/es/Est.html (260 words)

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