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Topic: Large Hadron Collider

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Large Electron Positron

Higgs particle

A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS

Identical particles

Supersymmetric

Higgs boson

CERN

Particle physics

Linear accelerator

Particle accelerator

Supersymmetry

Elementary particle

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Boson

	Large Hadron Collider - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Large Hadron Collider (short LHC) is a particle accelerator and collider located at CERN, near Geneva, Switzerland.
		The LHC is funded and being built in collaboration with over two thousand physicists from 34 countries, universities and laboratories.
		The LHC will collide hadrons (protons, to be exact) in the 27 km circumference tunnel previously used by the LEP, an electron-positron collider.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Large_Hadron_Collider (453 words)

	LHC@home
		The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a particle accelerator which is being built at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, the world's largest particle physics laboratory.
		But the LHC will not be limited to the study of proton-proton collisions as it can also collide heavy ions, such as lead, with a collision energy of 1148 TeV.
		To bend the 7 TeV protons around the ring, the LHC dipoles must be able to produce magnetic fields of 8.36 Tesla, a value which is made possible by the use of "superconductivity".
	athome.web.cern.ch /athome/LHC/lhc.html (345 words)

	Large Hadron Collider (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		However the LHC will not be limited to the study of proton-proton collisions, the LHC can also collide heavy ions, such as lead, to produce a total energy of 1148 TeV.
		A large energy density can be obtained over a wide enough region in the collisions to cause phase transition of nuclear matter into quark-gluon plasma.
		The building of the LHC and its detectors is a challenge to both European scientists and European industry.
	hepwww.rl.ac.uk /Pub/Phil/ppintro/lhc.html (321 words)

	Large Hadron Collider Communication
		The LHC is being installed in a tunnel 27 km in circumference, buried 50-175 m below ground.
		Due to switch on in 2007, the LHC will provide collisions at the highest energies ever observed in laboratory conditions and physicists are eager to see what they will reveal.
		If the LHC used ordinary “warm” magnets instead of superconductors, the ring would have to be at least 120 km in circumference to achieve the same collision energy.
	www.interactions.org /LHC/what (556 words)

	Large Hadron Collider - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Large Hadron Collider (short LHC) is a particle accelerator and collider located at CERN.
		It uses the 27 km circumference tunnel created for the Large Electron Positron (LEP) collider.
		In contrast to the previous it will collide protons (one type of hadron particle) instead of electrons and positrons.
	www.paterson.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Large_Hadron_Collider (340 words)

	The Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
		The LHC is now being constructed by CERN (The European Laboratory for Particle Physics) in the tunnel which currently houses the Large Electron Positron (LEP) collider on the outskirts of Geneva.
		The LHC is an international endeavour with the UK being among over forty countries participating in the project.
		In addition to colliding protons, the LHC will smash together ions of lead at speeds which will produce energy densities as high as in the first fraction of a second of the start of the Universe.
	www.pparc.ac.uk /rs/fc/lhc.asp?Tx=1 (1227 words)

	The Large Hadron Collider: 'Cathedral' of the 21st Century
		The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), just one year from completion at CERN, will be the most powerful particle accelerator ever constructed, the largest and most technologically sophisticated machine ever built.
		Hadrons are the general name for bosons (energy paricles) and fermions (quarks (up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top, with red green and blue colors) and leptons (mu, tau, electron, mu neutrino, tau neutrino, and electron neatrino, no color force))) these are, by the way, including the anti-particles of said particles.
		This article is not about what the LHC is. The article is about why we are spending nearly $8 billion dollars, an immesurable amount of man-hours, and the genius of our scientists in a project that, for the layperson, has no immediate practical applications or benefits.
	digg.com /technology/The_Large_Hadron_Collider:_Cathedral_of_the_21st_Century (2669 words)

	Origins: CERN: Tools: Large Hadron Collider
		The LHC will be constructed in the tunnel that now houses the Large Electron Positron Collider (LEP), which has been the site of experiments searching for the Higgs Boson.
		The LHC tunnel will actually hold two side-by-side beam pipes to accelerate beams of protons that are moving in opposite directions.
		Experimenters at the LHC are looking for clues to the origins of the laws governing nature.
	www.exploratorium.edu /origins/cern/tools/lhc.html (465 words)

	Newsletter: Spring 97: The Large Hadron Collider (HCL) Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Large Hadron Collider is a new higher energy particle accelerator which is planned to be built at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland.
		The LHC accelerator will have sufficient energy to enable physicists to study fundamental interactions of the kind that are thought to be responsible for giving particles mass.
		The LHC will be built in the existing 27 kilometer tunnel used by the electron- positron collider LEP, which will be decommissioned in the year 2000.
	www.physics.fsu.edu /PhysicsNewsletter/Spring97/The_Large_Hadron_Collider.htm (1131 words)

	LHC Machine Outreach - Home Page
		The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is being built in a circular tunnel 27 km in circumference.
		It is designed to collide two counter rotating beams of protons or heavy ions.
		High energy beams move around the LHC ring inside a continuous vacuum guided by magnets.
	lhc-machine-outreach.web.cern.ch /lhc-machine-outreach (240 words)

	Large Hadron Collider (LHC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The collider will initially operate at the lower luminosity providing an opportunity to study complex signatures such as tau-lepton interactions and heavy flavour tags from secondary vertices.
		The LHC will then be run at the higher luminosity to provide a greater number of signatures of interesting events using electron, muon, jet, missing transverse energy measurements and b-tagging.
		The LHC circumference is 27 km, making it the largest hadron collider ever constructed.
	www.phys.ualberta.ca /~buchanan/thesis/node10.html (332 words)

	Supersymmetry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By the year 2007 the Large Hadron Collider at CERN should be ready for use, producing high-energy particle collisions that may be sufficient to reveal superpartner particles.
		If the cutoff scale is low, then those nonrenormalizable terms should not be small, conflicting with precision electroweak experiments, which have set very low bounds on the possible size of such terms.
		Despite these constraints, there are several models with new physics at the TeV scale that stabilize the mass of the Higgs boson but do not induce large nonrenormalizable terms at that scale.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supersymmetry (1808 words)

	Time Travel Portal :: View topic - CERN's Large Hadron Collider (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The LHC will be built astride the Franco-Swiss border west of Geneva, at the foot of the Jura mountains, in front of the Alps.
		The protons will be accelerated in the Large Hadron Collider, an underground accelerator ring 27 kilometres in circumference at the CERN Laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland.
		The particle beams are steered to collide in the middle of the ATLAS detector.
	timetravelportal.com /viewtopic.php?t=926 (2186 words)

	Large Hadron Collider (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The LHC will be built at CERN astride the Franco-Swiss border west of Geneva at the foot of the Jura mountains.
		The LHC will be fed with protons from the existing complex of CERN accelerators.
		It will sit in the same tunnel as the existing LEP accelerator, in which electrons and positrons (antiparticle of the electron) are brought in to head-on collision.
	hepwww.rl.ac.uk /OpenDays97/LHC.htm (62 words)

	THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (LHC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (LHC) has received the endorsement of the European Committee for Future Accelerators as the best next step in particle physics for Europe.
		LHC, which would be built in the tunnel of the existing LEP electron-positron collider at CERN, is designed to provide proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV per beam.
		CERN Director General Carlo Rubbia has said that the LHC can be built sooner (by as early as 1998) and for far less money than the SSC and that its more intense beam will make up for the fact that its maximum energy is lower than SSC's 20 TeV per beam.
	newton.ex.ac.uk /aip/glimpse.txt/physnews.16.4.html (121 words)

	Lords of the Ring (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Large Hadron Collider will open new frontiers of physics, and promises to unlock some of the secrets of the birth of the Universe.
		These particles, known as "hadrons", are relatively heavy on the atomic scale of things, and include protons and the nuclei of atoms.
		The Large Hadron Collider is the most complicated object ever built by humans.
	www.firstscience.com /SITE/ARTICLES/cern.asp (1804 words)

	Large Hadron Collider Collaboration
		When it begins operating in 2005, the LHC will be the world's most powerful proton-proton collider, achieving energies of 14 TeV (trillion electron volts) at the point where the two counter-rotating beams of protons meet head on.
		The polyamide-insulated, copper-jacketed, niobium-titanium superconducting cable to be used by all the magnets in the LHC ring was designed by AFRD and will be tested at Brookhaven.
		When the LHC achieves first light in 2005, the US will have supplied about 10 percent of the total cost of the accelerator and experiments -- 85% of this sum coming from the Department of Energy -- although US researchers will make up 20 percent of those using the detectors.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/hadron-collab.html (795 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Device to probe limits of physics
		It will be housed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) particle accelerator, due to begin operating in 2007.
		The LHC, which will house the Atlas experiment, is a giant "atom-smasher" that is being built at Cern, on the Swiss-French border, to replace the now defunct Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP).
		The LHC is expected to generate a whopping 10 petabytes of data every year.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/4035747.stm (823 words)

	ScienceDaily: Large Hadron Collider Magnets: The Great Descent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This is the first of the 1232 dipole magnets for the future collider, which measures 27 km in circumference and is scheduled to be commissioned in 2007.
		If the LHC had been made of conventional magnets, it would have needed to be 120 km long to achieve the same energies and its electricity consumption would have been phenomenal.
		Largest Machines On Earth: Particle Colliders (February 27, 2005) -- Two of the largest machines ever conceived by scientists are being reported by one of the world's leading experts on particle colliders, the massive and expensive machines used to explore inner space...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/03/050310174159.htm (1994 words)

	LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The LHC under construction at CERN is anticipated to start running in 2007
		LHC looms as an intellectual "tsunami" on the particle physics horizon about
		It will appear to be an elementary scalar at LHC.
	www.physics.unc.edu /~frampton/LHC.html (189 words)

	CERN Itanium system powers large Hadron collider
		The Large Hadron Collider grid will have to distribute data at 1,500MB a second over a decade, with the raw bits and bits being analysed at 150 computing centres worldwide.
		This data includes images of protons colliding head on inside the particle detectors at slightly less than the speed of light.
		The data during one year of operation of the large Hadron cluster will exceed 15 Petabytes - which Intel reckons is one per cent of the worldwide production of information today in digital and non digital forms.
	www.theinquirer.net /?article=26124 (275 words)

	What is LHC?
		The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a particle accelerator which will probe deeper into matter than ever before.
		Due to switch on in 2007, it will ultimately collide beams of protons at an energy of 14 TeV.
		What makes the LHC so extraordinary is that it squeezes energy into a space about a million million times smaller than a mosquito.
	public.web.cern.ch /Public/Content/Chapters/AboutCERN/CERNFuture/WhatLHC/WhatLHC-en.html (208 words)

	Very Large Hadron Collider
		As an outgrowth of these recommendations a Steering Committee for a Future Very Large Hadron Collider was formed to coordinate and bring coherence into the U.S. efforts on a very large hadron collider.
		The steering committee for a future very large hadron collider coordinates efforts in the United States to achieve a superconducting proton-proton collider with approximately 100 TeV cm and approximately 10
		The Steering Committee for a future very large hadron collider has been established to coordinate the U.S. effort towards a future, post-LHC, large hadron collider.
	vlhc.org /vlhc (475 words)

	Update on Large Hadron Collider
		Update on Large Hadron Collider There were two developments this week for the Large Hadron Collider.
		The terms of U.S. participation are being renegotiated, Simpson said, and the concerns raised by Sensenbrenner and Rep. Joe Barton (R-TX) (a member of both the Commerce and the Science Committees) had strengthened the agreement.
		Barton commented that he had not yet received a schedule and budget for LHC construction, and implied that his concerns were not fully satisfied.
	www.aip.org /fyi/1997/fyi97.067.htm (490 words)

	Large Hadron Collider - ER News 02/98 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), currently under construction outside of Geneva, Switzerland, will simulate certain conditions that prevailed in the universe at the earliest moments of the "Big Bang." By causing protons to collide head on at extremely high energies, the LHC will help physicists better understand the basic structure and forces of nature.
		Sited on both sides of the Franco-Swiss border west of Geneva, the LHC is an extraordinary new facility for investigating the basis structure of matter.
		The protocols defining Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation contributions to the LHC were signed by Dr. Martha Krebs, Director of the office of Energy Research, DOE, Dr Bob Eisenstein, Assistant Director of Physical and Mathematical Science, NSF, and Prof.
	www.pnl.gov /er_news/02_98/art2.htm (495 words)

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