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	Laryngeal Paralysis in Dogs
		Laryngeal paralysis is a disorder in which the nerves that control the muscles and cartilage that open and close the larynx (voicebox) do not function properly, causing voice changes and difficulty with eating or breathing.
		The inherited form of laryngeal paralysis in Dalmatians is often part of a larger condition called 'laryngeal paralysis-polyneuropathy complex.' In cases where the condition is congenital (inherited), it is recommended that the affected dog not be used for breeding.
		Laryngeal paralysis can also be the result of damage to the nerves and/or muscles of the larynx due to a bite wound or other trauma.
	www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=2&cat=1611&articleid=861 (539 words)

	Larynx - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The glottis is the laryngeal area of most interest to speech researchers, as it is widely believed to be where most of the control of phonation and pitch goes on.
		Sensation is transferred by the superior laryngeal nerve (glottis and supraglottis) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (subglottis and muscles), both branches of the vagus nerve.
		Acute laryngitis is the sudden inflammation and swelling of the larynx.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Larynx (909 words)

	Laryngeal Trauma (May 1997
		Laryngeal injury is a rare entity with an estimated incidence of 1 in every 22,900 emergency room visits.(1) However, it must be recognized and treated appropriately to ensure an optimal outcome.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis is used when the laryngeal mucosa is disrupted and many authors also recommend H2 blockers to reduce further injury from reflux of gastric acid.(2,3,6) Although unproven, systemic steroids are often given to reduce laryngeal edema.
		Recognition of laryngeal injury related to either blunt or penetrating trauma is important for both initial preservation of life as well as long term airway and vocal function.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/larynjury.htm (2338 words)

	Laryngeal Disorders: Introduction - The Merck Veterinary Manual
		Laryngitis, an inflammation of the mucosa or cartilages of the larynx, may result from upper respiratory tract infection or by direct irritation from inhalation of dust, smoke, or irritating gas; foreign bodies; or the trauma of intubation, excess vocalization, or in livestock, by injury from roping or restraint devices.
		Laryngitis may accompany infectious tracheobronchitis and distemper in dogs; infectious rhinotracheitis and calicivirus infection in cats; infectious rhinotracheitis and calf diphtheria in cattle; strangles, herpesvirus 1 infection, viral arteritis, and infectious bronchitis in horses; Fusobacterium necrophorum or Corynebacterium pyogenes infections in sheep; and influenza in pigs.
		Laryngeal chondropathy is a suppurative condition of the cartilage matrix that principally affects the arytenoid cartilages; it is believed to result from microbial infection, often as a sequela of inhalation of irritants.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/120600.htm (884 words)

	Laryngeal theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It soon became apparent that Hittite had phonemes for which the laryngeal theory was the best explanation, and as such the laryngeal theory is accepted by most Indo-Europeanists.
		After assuming that PIE laryngeals could have translated into guttural phonemes in the borrowing language, new loan words are being revealed in increasing numbers.
		Furthermore, all three laryngeals pattern the same phonologically, in a way that is quite different from the PIE stops but similar to the (only) fricative "*s".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Laryngeal_theory (1097 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Laryngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the larynx.
		After laryngeal cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the larynx or to other parts of the body.
		Laryngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the larynx.
	www.acor.org /cnet/258016.html (3600 words)

	Topics of Interest > Laryngeal Paralysis
		Laryngeal paralysis is a relatively common disorder causing difficulty with breathing.
		Laryngeal paralysis refers to paralysis of the muscles that open up the upper airway (specifically, these muscles pull the two vocal folds in the larynx apart from each other, thereby increasing the size of the opening into the trachea and lungs).
		Occasionally, laryngeal paralysis is only one sign of a systemic neurological disorder, but most of the time it is a problem that occurs by itself.
	www.southpaws.com /topics/laryngealparalysis.htm (558 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer
		Most laryngeal cancers occur in the squamous cells, which are the thin, flat cells that line the inside of the larynx.
		Laryngeal cancer is treatable and curable as long as the cancer is located in the larynx and/or the neck lymph nodes.
		If Stage IV laryngeal cancer is in the subglottis area, treatment may include laryngectomy plus total thyroidectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid) and removal of lymph nodes in the throat, usually with radiation therapy.
	www.cchs.net /health/health-info/docs/3800/3858.asp?index=12312&dpath=http://www.cchs.net/health/health-info/docs/3800/3858.asp?index=12312 (1316 words)

	Laryngeal Paralysis
		Laryngeal paralysis is a failure of the laryngeal cartilages to open during inspiration, creating a partial or complete upper airway obstruction (see Fig.
		The clinical signs of laryngeal paralysis most commonly begin as a vague change in the quality of the voice and then progress to noisy breathing (sometimes called "roaring"), inspiratory dyspnea (difficulty breathing), and stridor (noisy gagging or coughing).
		The laryngeal walls close in front of the opening to the trachea and block the flow of air.
	www.petsurgery.com /laryngealparalysis.html (594 words)

	Canine Laryngeal Paralysis
		Laryngeal Paralysis is a condition seen commonly in older Afghans, setters, springer spaniels, greyhounds, and Labrador retrievers.
		The condition is caused by some condition affecting the recurrent laryngeal nerves leading to a loss of their function.
		The most common technique seems to be the Extralaryngeal technique which involves cutting through the neck, close to the jugular, isolating the laryngeal "folds" and stitching one or both of the folds open.
	www.godivalabs.com /LP.html (1557 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer (Cancer of the Larynx)
		Laryngeal cancer is cancerous cells found in any part of the larynx -- the glottis, the supraglottis, or the subglottis.
		Approximately 11,000 people are diagnosed with laryngeal cancer in the US each year, and about 4,000 die of it.
		The exact cause of laryngeal cancer is not known, however, there are certain risk factors that may increase a person's chance of developing cancer.
	www.nasal.net /otolaryngology/larynx.htm (549 words)

	Laryngeal paralysis in dogs and horses
		Bilateral laryngeal paralysis patients in an "air hungry" state, are exerting all their energy into breathing in a forced manner.
		Surgical means of correction have been tried in patients with bilateral laryngeal paralysis, in attempts to "open" up or pull back these tissue folds in the larynx which are blocking the flow of air.
		Most cases of laryngeal paralysis are managed medically, with medications that help reduce swelling in this area of the larynx, as well as relaxing agents (sedatives) to reduce anxiety in cases that appear "air hungry".
	www.vet4petz.com /articles/laryngeal_paralysis.htm (518 words)

	Laryngeal cancer
		Laryngeal cancer is between four and five times more common in men than in women.
		Laryngeal cancer develops when the normal cells lining the larynx are replaced with abnormal cells (dysplasia) that become malignant and reproduce to form tumors.
		People who have had laryngeal cancer are at greatest risk for recurrence (having cancer come back), especially in the head and neck, during the first two to three years after treatment.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/laryngeal_cancer.jsp (3444 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer and Asbestos - Asbestos News and Information
		Laryngeal cancer accounts for two to five percent of all cancers diagnosed each year, which translates into 10,000 laryngeal cancer diagnoses and 4,000 deaths from laryngeal cancer every year.
		Laryngeal cancer symptoms include: hoarseness, persistent cough, persistent sore throat, pain or difficulty in swallowing, difficulty breathing, ear pain, weight loss, and the development of a lump or mass in the neck areas.
		Laryngeal cancer and asbestos related ailments of the larynx can be treated depending on the size and location of the cancerous cells and the time of cancer detection.
	www.asbestosnews.com /html/laryngeal.html (684 words)

	laryngeal paralysis
		In this disorder, there is some loss of function in the laryngeal muscles that normally open the larynx when an animal breathes in.
		Laryngeal paralysis due to other causes is also seen in older dogs of other breeds.
		As part of the laryngeal paralysis-polyneuropathy complex, affected Dalmatians commonly have megaesophagus, which is a chronic dilation (expansion) of the esophagus that occurs due to loss of normal muscle tone and function, so that swallowing can not occur normally.
	www.upei.ca /~cidd/Diseases/respiratory%20disorders/laryngeal%20paralysis.htm (726 words)

	Laryngeal Trauma - #2
		Laryngeal injury is a rare entity with an estimated incidence of 1 in every 22,900 emergency room visits.
		Special consideration must be given to pediatric patients with laryngeal injuries and an unstable airway because local tracheotomy is not usually a viable option.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis is used when the laryngeal mucosa is disrupted and many authors also recommend H2 blockers to reduce further injury from reflux of gastric acid.
	www.otohns.net /default.asp?id=15318 (2330 words)

	Respiratory Disorders : What is congenital laryngeal stridor? - New Hanover Wilmington, NC
		Congenital laryngeal stridor is a defect that is present at birth.
		In children, congenital laryngeal stridor is the most common cause of chronic stridor.
		In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures for congenital laryngeal stridor may include bronchoscopy of the airways - a procedure which involves a tube being passed into the airways to allow your child's physician to observe the airways during breathing.
	www.nhhn.org /15326.cfm (486 words)

	Cancer Information, Research, and Treatment for all Types of Cancer \| OncoLink
		Over 95% of laryngeal cancers arise from the lining of the throat (not from the actual muscle or cartilage cells) and are called squamous cell carcinomas.
		However, it likely will not decrease their risk of developing laryngeal cancer, although, in these people, there may be a relatively higher incidence of supraglottic laryngeal cancer compared to cancer of the true vocal cords.
		Unfortunately, supraglottic and subglottic laryngeal cancer often present as a more advanced disease because of lack of early diagnosis, due mainly to the lack of specific symptoms that are associated with it.
	www.oncolink.com /types/article.cfm?c=7&s=24&ss=185&id=9450 (3881 words)

	Left Recurrent Laryngeal Hemiplegia ("Roaring")
		In horses with left recurrent laryngeal hemiplegia, the left recurrent laryngeal nerve dies back and is no longer able to stimulate the muscle that enlarges the opening of the larynx (throat) during intense exercise to allow more air to be taken into the lungs.
		Horses with clinical signs of laryngeal hemiplegia (such as loud breathing noises during exercise) that have no visible collapse of the arytenoid cartilage into the airway at rest should have their larynx examined by videoendoscopy while exercising strenuously on a treadmill.
		The laryngeal ventricles are outpouchings of mucosa bounded medially by the arytenoid cartilages and vocal cords.
	www.netpets.com /horses/healthspa/roar.html (805 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer
		Laryngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the larynx.
		Treatment of stage II laryngeal cancer depends on where cancer is found in the larynx.
		Treatment of stage IV laryngeal cancer depends on where cancer is found in the larynx.
	www.meb.uni-bonn.de /cancer.gov/CDR0000258016.html (3306 words)

	National Cancer Institute - Laryngeal Cancer Treatment
		These and other symptoms may be caused by laryngeal cancer or by other conditions.
		Patients with laryngeal cancer who continue to smoke and drink are less likely to be cured and more likely to develop a second tumor.
		After treatment for laryngeal cancer, frequent and careful follow-up is important.
	www.cancer.gov /cancerinfo/pdq/treatment/laryngeal/patient (672 words)

	ACS :: What Are the Risk Factors for Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancers? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Some reports have found that people who smoke and drink are up to 100 times more likely to have laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer than are people with neither habit.
		They may be a factor in some cases of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well.
		Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers are more common in people who have a weak immune system.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_2x_what_are_the_risk_factors_for_laryngeal_and_hypopharyngeal_cancer_23.asp?sitearea=cri (650 words)

	Cancer of the Larynx - CancerIndex
		Laryngeal cancer is a malignancy arising in the tissues of the larynx (voicebox).
		Laryngeal Cancer Index: The Voice Center at Eastern Virginia Medical School This web page is the starting point for several other pages covering more specific aspects of laryngeal cancer including, staging, treatment, surgery, and Speech after a total laryngectomy.
		Laryngeal Cancer: The Basics An introduction and general description of laryngeal cancer from the Voice Center, Eastern Virginia Medical Center.
	www.cancerindex.org /clinks2y.htm (492 words)

	eMedicine - Malignant Tumors of the Larynx : Article by Gerard Domanowski, MD †
		Because 96% of laryngeal carcinomas in the United States are squamous cell carcinomas, the following discussion is limited to this neoplasm.
		Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma histologically is similar in many ways to squamous cell carcinoma found elsewhere in the body.
		Koufman JA, Burke AJ: The etiology and pathogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic280.htm (4271 words)

	Laryngeal theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It soon became apparent that Hittite had phoneme s for which the laryngeal theory was the best explanation, and as such the laryngeal theory is accepted by most Indo-Europeanists.
		That said, the existence of these sounds is now accepted by most philologists, because positing their existence simplifies some otherwise hard to explain sound changes that appear in the descendant languages of PIE.
		The laryngeal theory also explains a number of different ablaut sequences that appear in many Indo-European roots, and makes them seem less arbitrary and more regular.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Laryngeal_theory.html (1545 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer
		Therapy recommendations for patients with these lesions are based on a variety of complex anatomic, clinical, and social factors, which should be individualized and discussed in multidisciplinary consultation (surgery, radiation therapy, and dental and oral surgery) prior to prescribing therapy.
		Patients treated for laryngeal cancers are at highest risk of recurrence in the first 2 to 3 years.
		A variety of nonsquamous cell laryngeal cancers also occur.[1] These are not staged using the American Joint Cancer Committee staging system, and their management (not discussed here) can differ from that of squamous cell laryngeal cancers.
	www.medhelp.org /lib/cancernet/101519.HTM (4916 words)

	Laryngeal Cancer & Tumor Stagin
		Cancers of the glottic larynx are more likely to be detected early because even small lesions produce voice changes readily noticeable by the patient and his/her family members; however, patients with smoking-related chronic laryngitis who are used to a chronically hoarse voice may not detect voice changes produced by an early cancer at this location.
		The supraglottis tends to be a more silent location because tumors here do not affect the voice until they are significantly more advanced.
		Laryngeal cancers are staged according to the TNM system as explained in the latest manual of the American Joint Commission on Cancer.
	www.gbmc.org /voice/laryngealcancertumorstagin.cfm (886 words)

	Laryngeal palsy definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Laryngeal palsy: Paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve (a long and important nerve that originates in the brainstem and runs down to the colon).
		The consequence is damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve is laryngeal palsy, paralysis of the larynx (the voice box), on the affected side.
		Laryngeal palsy can also be caused by damage to the vagus nerve before it gives off the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7640 (262 words)

	Larynx or laryngeal cancer (cancer of the voice box)
		This section of CancerHelp UK tells you about laryngeal cancer (cancer of the larynx or voice box).
		It includes symptoms and causes, tests for laryngeal cancer, treatment, living with laryngeal cancer, and current research.
		CancerHelp UK is not designed to provide medical advice or professional services and is intended to be for educational use only.
	www.cancerhelp.org.uk /help/default.asp?page=5581 (186 words)

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