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Topic: Laser guided bombs

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	Laser Guided Bombs - Smart Weapons
		At the instant alignment occurs, the reflected laser energy centers on the detector and commands the canards to a trail position, which causes the weapon to fly ballistically with gravity biasing towards the target.
		Alternatively, a laser guided "smart" bomb or missile may be launched when a pilot is satisfied that the detector head has achieved lock-on and the launch envelope requirements are satisfied.
		LGBs are not a "cure all" for the full spectrum of targets and scenarios facing fighter/attack aircraft, but they do offer advantages in standoff and accuracy over other types of free fall weapons in the inventory.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/smart/lgb.htm (1765 words)

	Paveway / Enhanced Paveway Laser Guided Weapon
		The semi-active laser guided munitions drastically reduce the numbers of weapons and sorties required to destroy a target, but also feature accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness previously unattainable with conventional weapons.
		Due to their high precision, LGB kits are usually attached to structure penetration bombs, such as the BLU-109B capable of penetrating up to 2.4 meters of reinforced concrete.
		Enhanced Laser Guided Bombs (ELGB) are enhanced with additional GPS guidance capability, to enable improved operational flexibility and employment under adverse weather conditions such as heavy clouds coverage, minimizing laser use (stealth) or presence of countermeasures.
	www.defense-update.com /products/p/paveway.htm (580 words)

	JDAM Matures Part 1
		An inertially guided bomb presented the prospect of a robust, digitally programmable, highly reproducable weapon which was jam proof and wholly oblivious to ambient weather conditions.
		The principal errors in bomb delivery are then dominated by the accuracy of the synthetic aperture radar or thermal imager/laser rangefinder used to produce target coordinates, and the guidance loop error in the bomb.
		Laser guided bombs such as the baseline GBU-10/12 and GBU-22/24 are unusable under conditions where the laser illumination is impaired, conditions which are of no consequence to a JDAM tracking L-band microwave emissions from low orbiting satellites.
	www.ausairpower.net /TE-JDAMPt1.html (3894 words)

	[5.0] Modern Glide Bombs
		Using a laser as a weapon itself places enormous demands on device physics and energy supply, but the fact that a laser beam can be precisely pointed and remains tightly organized ("coherent" in laser terminology) over long range meant that it could be used as a precise pointing device.
		A laser could be strapped to a telescope with crosshairs so that the beam could be focused to "illuminate" a particular target to "mark" or "designate" it.
		The kit included a laser seeker head attached to four control fins in a cruciform arrangement, which was attached to the front of the bomb, and a set of four larger fins, also in a cruciform arrangement, which was attached to the rear of the bomb to provide some limited glide capability.
	www.vectorsite.net /twbomb_05.html (8471 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Laser guided bomb the way of the future when it comes to bombing.
		After the bomb is released and a camera on the nose of the bomb sees the laser beam, which is on the target, the computer steers the bomb in using the canards into the target.
		The bombs of yester year will always be around but the use of newer high-tech bombs now has become an essential part of our military doctor an.
	www.users.muohio.edu /starkga/conclusion.htm (269 words)

	Aircraft Specifications
		Laser Guided Bombs, AGM-65 Maverick missiles, AGM-88 HARM missile, AGM-84D Harpoon / SLAM missiles, and the AGM-62 Walleye.
		Laser guided bombs, free-fall and retarded bombs, cluster bombs and rockets.
		Laser guided bombs, Durandals, cluster bombs and regular and retarded iron bombs.
	members.tripod.com /o_seer/specs.htm (2613 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Bombs, Rockets & Missiles
		A bomb is a purely ballistic weapon, meaning that the only force that acts upon it after it is released from an aircraft is gravity.
		A guided bomb, also known as a GBU for Guided Bomb Unit, is an unguided warhead that has a guidance system attached to it.
		In summary, what separates a bomb from a rocket from a missile is whether or not the weapon has a propulsion system of some kind or some form of guidance allowing it to steer towards a particular target.
	www.aerospaceweb.org /question/weapons/q0211.shtml (1966 words)

	Science in War
		Laser light is aimed at the target either by the plane that released the bomb, by another plane, or by soldiers on the ground.
		The laser light is coded by transmitting it in a specific series of pulses, one which the bomb recognises.
		The bombs are fitted with a GPS receiver, a computer, an inertial guidance and control system, tail fins and a harness to strap it to the under wing of an aircraft, such as the US Navy's F/A-18 Hornet.
	www.channel4.com /science/microsites/S/science/war/smartbombs.html (1574 words)

	Military plane weapons AAM-missiles (radar, IR and optical guided)
		Guided missiles operate by detecting their target (usually by radar or infra-red methods, sometimes by laser guidance or optical tracking), and then "homing" in on the target on a collision course.
		Infra-red guided missiles can be "slaved" to an attack radar in order to find the target and radar-guided missiles can be launched at targets detected visually or via an infra-red search and track (IRST) system, although they may require the attack radar to illuminate the target during part or all of the missile interception itself.
		More modern infra-red guided missiles can detect the heat of an aircraft's skin, warmed by the friction of airflow, in addition to the fainter heat signature of the engine when the aircraft is seen from the side or head-on.
	weapons.fighter-planes.com /aam_missiles.htm (1842 words)

	U.S. Bombing - The Myth of Surgical Bombing in the Gulf War
		Of the actual bombing missions, about 20,000 sorties were flown against a select list of 300 strategic targets in Iraq and Kuwait; about 5,000 were flown against SCUD missile launchers, and some 30,000 to 50,000 against Iraqi forces in southern Iraq and Kuwait.
		As if explosive bombs were not enough, the U.S. used massive amounts of fire bombs and napalm, although U.S. officials denied using napalm against Iraqi troops, only on oil filled trenches (this raises the question of who set all the oil wells on fire in Kuwait and southern Iraq).
		The fact that Baghdad was not carpet bombed by B-52s does not mean that the civilian population was not attacked and killed.
	deoxy.org /wc/wc-myth.htm (2691 words)

	Jihad Unspun - Operation USA
		Rain and humidity disrupted the laser beams and made it more difficult for pilots to establish a "lock" on their targets.
		While the JDAM was slightly less accurate than laser-guided bombs under ideal conditions (capable of hitting within 30 feet of its target vs. 10 feet for the laser guided bombs), the new weapon proved reliable and deadly on the battlefield.
		Air Force sources insist that the inventory of JDAMs, as well as laser-guided bombs, and their deployment in the right locations, is one of the major factors limiting the U.S. ability to fight a war in Iraq right now.
	www.jihadunspun.com /OperationUSA/military/stisuis01.html (591 words)

	Laser Guided Bombs (LGB) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pat cleared the fighters to drop their last bomb and it apparently hit the first bomb and both of them detonated as we were thrown around pretty good by the blast.
		LGBs were so unreliable that the minimum safe distance for using them around friendlies was 1,000 meters (that's right, a kilometer or klick!).
		This was not a safety thing, it was to give the seeker sufficient time to 'wake up' after release, find the laser energy source on the ground, and then guide the bomb to the target.
	www.fac-assoc.org /book/P6_007sample_story_sep01.html (680 words)

	'Smarter' bombs still hit civilians \| csmonitor.com
		One reason was that the improved accuracy of "smart" bombs "emboldened commanders to aim more bombs at targets that required it," he says – leading to more frequent misses.
		The bombing was the "single largest incident of collateral damage that has ever occurred in modern warfare," he says, and it impacted both sides in the war.
		Traditional laser-guided bombs were often used on mobile, short notice targets called in – and sometimes "painted" with a laser – by US Special Forces units on the ground.
	www.csmonitor.com /2002/1022/p01s01-wosc.htm (1397 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Bursts of Brilliance
		Thus, the bomb would know where it was at all times and where it wanted to go, and the computer could calculate midcourse corrections to steer the bomb into the target.
		The seeker then guides the bomb into the target with three-meter accuracy, so it can be used, for example, to recognize and destroy the third span of a bridge or hit the fourth floor of an office building.
		In addition to these new bombs, the bomb scientists at Eglin and other Air Force research installations have produced an upgraded bunker-busting warhead that features an elongated spike made of a nickel-cobalt steel alloy that enables the warhead to puncture 11 feet of reinforced concrete, the equivalent of more than 100 feet of soil.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A36897-2002Dec10?language=printer (6532 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Smart Bombs Work" (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A "dumb bomb" is a bomb with only these elements, dropped from an airplane (such as the B-2 bomber).
		The bomb is considered "dumb" because it simply falls to the ground without actively steering itself.
		The control system's basic goal is to steer the bomb so that the reflected laser beam is hitting near the center of the photo diode array.
	www.howstuffworks.com /smart-bomb.htm (1508 words)

	Smarter Bombs
		During the Gulf War, pilots had to calmly keep a laser trained on their target and wait for another plane's bombs to follow the beam to the bull's eye.
		There are no laser beams to bend or bounce, just the steady signals of America's GPS constellation beaming their coordinates from space.
		These bombs will be guided to within miles of their targets from distances well beyond the range of air defenses protecting high value targets.
	www.weeklystandard.com /Content/Public/Articles/000/000/002/089ntkyp.asp (607 words)

	LT-2 Laser Guided Bomb \| SinoDefence.com
		The bomb features a laser guidance kit at the front end of the weapon; four front guidance fins (canards) which react to signals from the laser guidance kit and steer the weapon to the target, and four larger stabilising fins at rear.
		China has also developed a range of laser targeting pods to be carried by combat aircraft for weapon guidance.
		The LT-2 could be guided by a laser targeting pod either carried by the same aircraft or onboard another aircraft.
	www.sinodefence.com /airforce/weapon/lt2.asp (436 words)

	Halfbakery: Laser-Guided Stink Bombs
		You might be able to lead one astray by pointing a laser, with the exact same wavelength and stuff that the missile is looking for, at another target.
		Due to the poor reflectivity of typical targets, any laser source is going to be many orders of magnitude brighter than the reflection from the target.
		If you shine a laser of the right wavelength directly at the missile, it will no doubt conclude that the laser source in your hand is the brightest thing around and therefore will guide itself straight at you.
	www.halfbakery.com /lr/idea/Laser-Guided_20Stink_20Bombs (489 words)

	Howstuffworks "Early Smart Bombs"
		As you might expect, the photo diodes are sensitive to a particular frequency of laser light.
		For the bomb to see its target, a separate human operator, either on the ground or in the air, has to "paint" the designated target with a high-intensity laser beam.
		The control system's basic goal is to steer the bomb so that the reflected laser beam is hitting near the center of the photo diode array.
	science.howstuffworks.com /smart-bomb1.htm (445 words)

	Laser Designator - Point of Existence Forum
		Yoo have the charge bar, you design a laser target for a cruise missile or a laser guided bomb from a F-117 and it will be automatically to where you pointed.
		I think the bomb should lock on to the point where the laser is fired, but only with reasonable flightpath corrections.
		If the laser designator is aimed at a vehicle or infantry, it locks on to that infantry as long as the LD is still painting it.
	www.pointofexistence.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=2167 (849 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Bombs, Rockets & Missiles
		A bomb is basically nothing more than a warhead, or an explosive charge, wrapped inside an aerodynamic shell to give it stability as it falls towards a target.
		Laser-guided bombs were first developed during the Vietnam War as a method of making more accurate attacks against targets difficult to hit with conventional bombs.
		A laser-guided bomb consists of a dumb bomb, like one of the Mk 80 family, with a laser seeker system attached to the nose.
	aerospaceweb.org /question/weapons/q0211.shtml (1987 words)

	Defense Tech: HIGH-TECH WAR NOT SO BLEEDING EDGE
		During the war, most analysts assumed the majority of bombs were smart bombs and the majority of smart bombs were the new, cheap Joint Defense Attack Munitions or JDAMs.
		The old smart bombs, the ones used in Desert Storm, were laser-guided.
		The pilot punches the target's coordinates into the bomb's GPS receiver andthe bomb homes in on the spot; environmental conditions aren't a factor.
	www.defensetech.org /archives/000438.html (315 words)

	Final Report to the Prosecutor by the Committee Established to Review the NATO Bombing Campaign Against the Federal ...
		The controller was unable to dump the bomb at that stage and it hit the train, the impact of the bomb cutting the second of the passenger coaches in half.
		This sequence regarding the bomb sights indicates that it is unlikely that the WSO was targeting the train, but instead suggests that the target was a point on the span of the bridge before the train appeared.
		The NATO position thus appears to be that it bombed a legitimate military target, that it knew nothing of the presence of civilians and that none were observed immediately prior to the attack.
	www.un.org /icty/pressreal/nato061300.htm (14330 words)

	Boston Laser Inc. Homepage: (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Litening II Boston Laser is the exclusive supplier of the laser marker for Litening II the joint Northrop Grumman – Rafael advanced targeting and navigation pod.
		Recently the lasers, made in Binghamton, were re-qualified by the defense contractor.
		Litening is used to direct Laser Guided Bombs (LGBs) from fighter aircrafts.
	www.bostonlaserinc.com /news_5-27-03.php (262 words)

	Adding the laser guided bombs that were suppose to be in BF2. - Tactical Gamer
		Adding the laser guided bombs that were suppose to be in BF2.
		I remember there being "laser guided missiles" as an advertised feature when BF2 was released, and I am also aware that it was taken out because it took too much teamwork to use.
		Re: Adding the laser guided bombs that were suppose to be in BF2.
	www.tacticalgamer.com /battlefield-2-tactical-mod-feedback-suggestions/73894-adding-laser-guided-bombs-were-suppose-bf2.html (475 words)

	Military and Veterans Affairs- News Release
		Combat Hammer is a live fire exercise where pilots train in a simulated combat environment using precision guided munitions (PGMs) and laser-guided bombs (LGBs) on a variety of targets.
		The Maverick is a tactical, air-to-surface guided missile designed for close air support, interdiction and defense suppression mission.
		Laser-guided bombs are unpowered, laser-guided, “flying bombs.” This bomb was used extensively during the Gulf War and more recently, in Afghanistan against Al-Qaeda and Taliban forces.
	www.state.nj.us /military/news/archive2002/177aircraft_hammer.html (249 words)

	laser guided bombs - Point of Existence Forum
		i think its time to make domb bombs in thsi game smart so is it possible to like to let the pilot point a laser on a target and the bomb guides it self like 5ft or more or less at that target??
		Laser guided bombs in BF2 are VERY possible.
		In fact, it might even be easier to code them as "missiles" instead of "bombs" and give them a very slow movement potential, and a slower speed.
	www.pointofexistence.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=4870 (513 words)

	Raytheon's Laser Guided Bombs 'Pave the Way' in Operation Iraqi Freedom
		In Operation Iraqi Freedom, the ratio of guided- to unguided munitions reversed with PGMs representing the majority of air-to-ground weapons used.
		The guidance electronics samples the reflected laser energy from the target and corrects its trajectory as it glides, terminating at the target.
		These semi-active laser guided munitions not only drastically reduce the numbers required to destroy a target, but also feature accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness previously unattainable with conventional weapons.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=/www/story/06-17-2003/0001966705 (452 words)

	Global Defence Review : Precision strikers
		The LGBs used then were standard iron or dumb bombs fitted with moveable fins that responded to directions from a seeker head unit.
		To work effectively the bomb had to be dropped or tossed into a very narrow cone of sky around the target, otherwise the seeker would not be able to detect the laser and guide the bomb.
		The KAB-1500L is a laser-guided weapon with a 1200kg warhead and the KAB-500 is a guide bomb with an electro-optical/infra-red aimed bomb.
	www.global-defence.com /1997/Precision.html (1632 words)

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