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Topic: Lateral dorsal nucleus

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	Lateral geniculate nucleus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Schematic diagram of the primate lateral geniculate nucleus.
		The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus is a part of the brain, which is the primary processor of visual information, received from the retina, in the central nervous system.
		intermediate/middle/tuberal/pituitary hypothalamus: infundibulum, median eminence, arcuate nucleus, ventromedial nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, tuber cinereum, pituitary gland (anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lateral_geniculate_nucleus (1092 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		It consists of an intermittent cell column in the middle of the lateral funiculus of the medulla oblongata, between the caudal end of the medulla and the level of exit of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
		a small nucleus dorsal to the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the central gray matter at the rostral end of the cerebral aqueduct; it is believed to receive fibers from the fasciculus and from the superior colliculus.
		dorsal column nuclei the nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis, which are at the upper end of the dorsal column of the spinal cord.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_n_11zPzhtm (3762 words)

	Some observations on the course and composition of the cingulum bundle in the rhesus monkey. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Following isotope injections in the anterior and lateral dorsal thalamic nuclei, labelled fibers form an arch in the white matter behind the cingulate sulcus and occupy the ventral sector of the cingulum bundle.
		The fibers from the anterior thalamic nucleus coursing in the cingulum bundle extended rostrally to the frontal cortex and caudally to area 23 and the retrosplenial cortex.
		Efferent fibers from the cingulate gyrus occupy a dorsolateral sector of the cingulum bundle.
	brainmeta.com /neuroanat/a67.html (271 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 784 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Nucleus ambiguus (nucleus of origin of motor fibers of glossopharyngeal, vagus, and cerebral portion of spinal accessory).
		It is situated behind the pyramid and olive, extending laterally as far as the inferior peduncles, and dorsally to within a short distance of the rhomboid fossa.
		In the substance of the formatio reticularis are two small nuclei of gray matter: one, the inferior central nucleus (nucleus of Roller), near the dorsal aspect of the hilus of the inferior olivary nucleus; the other, the nucleus lateralis, between the olive and the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page784.html (400 words)

	The Thalamus
		Since the nucleus lies on the pathway between the corpus striatum and the motor areas of the frontal cortex, it probably influences the activities of the motor cortex.
		The nucleus consists of six layers of nerve cells and is the terminus of all but a few fibres of the optic tract (except the fibres passing to the pretectal nucleus).
		The fibres are the axons of the ganglion cell layer of the retina and come from the temporal half of the ipsilateral eye and from the nasal half of the contralateral eye, the latter fibres crossing the midline in the optic chiasma.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /teversal/myweb/CNS/thalamus.htm (1221 words)

	The Symphonic Architecture of Mind
		The lateral dorsal nucleus is considered to be a caudal extension of the anterior nuclear group, and in addition to its primary projection to the cingulate gyrus, it projects to Brodmann area 5.
		In particular, the basal lateral nuclei (known to be crucial to the defense reaction) project to ventromedial portions of the caudate nucleus and to the putamen, with modest contralateralization via the anterior commissure (constituting an extra-collosal pathway whereby contralateral emotional state is entrained).
		The basal nucleus of Meynert is innervated by the amygdala and by insular, temporal, pyriform, and entorhinal cortex, and innervates the amygdala and the whole of the cerebral cortex.
	www.mega.nu:8080 /wavetrain.html (18705 words)

	Joe Bogen's Consciousness Page I Thalamic Anatomy 2004
		In reality, the dorsal thalamus is enshrouded by the reticular nucleus (R), a thin shell of cells which are of ventral embryonic origin.
		On top of MD is the rather thin nucleus called Lateral Dorsal (LD); it is included by E.G. Jones (1985) in his discussion of the Anterior nuclei.
		Note that, in the human, the LD is neither lateral nor dorsal; it acquired its name from its position in more primitive brains such as rabbit, cat, or the most primitive primates like the bushbaby.
	www.its.caltech.edu /~jbogen/text/thal_anatomy2004.htm (819 words)

	Neuromodulatory Role of Serotonin in the Ferret Thalamus -- Monckton and McCormick 87 (4): 2124 -- Journal of ...
		in the dorsal and median raphe (Azmita and Segal 1978
		Serotonergic inhibition of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus.
		Electrophysiological responses of seotonergic dorsal raphe neurons to 5HT1A and 5-HT1B agonists.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/4/2124 (6717 words)

	BRAIN AREAS SUPPORTING CEREBRAL CORTEX FUNCTION
		Three of the four association nuclei are on the dorsal (top) surface of the thalamus: the mediodorsal nucleus, the lateral dorsal nucleus and the lateral posterior nucleus.
		The caudate nucleus is an elongated extension of the putamen.
		Both the sensorimotor and association loops return to the cerebrum via the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus (the same region of the thalamus relaying output from the cerebellum), as well as the ventroanterior nucleus of the thalamus.
	www.benbest.com /science/anatmind/anatmd7.html (4149 words)

	Aggleton, John P. & Brown, Malcolm W. (1999) Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis.
		Later enlargements of this model have acknowledged some linkage with medial thalamic regions, but no apparent role has been provided for hippocampal outputs to the mamillary bodies and anterior thalamus via the fornix (Squire and Knowlton 1995; Zola-Morgan and Squire, 1993).
		Most notably, the anterior dorsal nucleus receives afferents from the lateral mamillary nucleus while the anterior ventral and anterior medial nuclei receive their afferents from the medial mamillary nucleus (Cruce, 1975).
		In contrast, the adjacent medial dorsal nucleus and the interconnected anterior cingulate cortex show discriminative activity from the first session in which behavioural discrimination is observed, and are seen as more important in the initial learning stages (a `recency ` system).
	www.bbsonline.org /documents/a/00/00/04/20/bbs00000420-00/bbs.aggleton.html (19853 words)

	sgdiencephelon
		This nucleus consista of a thin invisable layer of nerve cells that is located between the external medullary lamina of the thalmus and the internal capsul.
		The Ventral anterior nulceus is the smallest of the ventral nucleus and is innvolves in facilitation of skilled movements and initiating voluntary movements.
		Lateral Geniculate Body This nucleus is the thalmic relay center for the sensation of vision.
	www.unc.edu /~ears/classes/neuro/studyguides/sgdiencephalon.html (1871 words)

	Forebrain parasympathetic control of heart activity: retrograde transneuronal viral labeling in rats -- Ter Horst and ...
		Neuropeptide neuronal efferents from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and central amygdaloid nucleus to the dorsal vagal complex in the rat.
		Connections of the parabrachial nucleus with the nucleus of the solitary tract and the medullary reticular formation in the rat.
		Descending pathways from the hypothalamus to the dorsal motor vagus and ambiguus nuclei in the rat.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/6/H2926 (2288 words)

	[No title]
		That is, the lateral frontal convexity appears to exert specific influences on the LDM so as to promote or diminish the flow of information to the cortex and thus modulate specific perceptual and cognitive activities occuring within the neocortex --activity which it is simultaneously sampling.
		To recapitulate, the lateral frontal system is able to influence cognitive/perceptual cortical functioning via the sampling of activity occurring throughout the neocortex at all levels of informational analysis, and via its modulating influences on the lateral portion of the dorsal medial and reticular thalamic nuclei.
		In Parkinsons and akinetic disorders, the medial GP and subthalamic nucleus is overactive whereas the lateral GP is underactive (Crossman, et al.
	brainmind.com /Thalamus.html (3774 words)

	New Page 1
		The lateral dorsal nucleus gets input from the thalamus and relays to the __________ and _______ areas, and may be associated with the reward association function.
		The hippocampus occupies the floor of the __________ horn of the lateral ventricle.
		The amygdaloid complex is connected to the region of the olfactory tubercles w/ the medial preoptic area, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, AH, arcuate nucleus and VMH via the _________ ___________.
	www.uams.edu /m2006/motorsystem2.htm (3867 words)

	Dorsal
		Dorsal is the focal protein in the development of dorsoventral polarity in the developing fly.
		In lateral regions of the embryo, intermediate amounts of DL can turn on genes, such as rhomboid (rho), which are involved in the formation of the neuroectoderm.
		Dorsal is transported into the oocyte by a cytoskeletal based mechanim later when nurse cell contents are distributed to the oocyte (Rushlow C., 1989).
	www.iephb.nw.ru /labs/lab38/spirov/hox_pro/dl.htm (1059 words)

	Effects of substance P on identified neurons of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus -- Lewis and Travagli 281 ...
		The magnitude of the SP response was correlated to the peripheral
		Representation of the cecum in the lateral dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve and commissural subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii in rat.
		Maubach, KA, and Jones RSG Electrophysiological characterisation of tachykinin receptors in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in vitro.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/G164 (5641 words)

	Progressive Transneuronal Changes in the Brainstem and Thalamus after Long-Term Dorsal Rhizotomies in Adult Macaque ...
		Matthews MR (1964) Further observations on transneuronal degeneration in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the macaque monkey.
		Matthews MR, Cowan WM, Powell TPS (1966) Transneuronal cell degeneration in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the macaque monkey.
		Rausell E, Jones EG (1991) Chemically distinct compartments of the thalamic VPM nucleus in monkeys relay principal and spinal trigeminal pathways to different layers of the somatosensory cortex.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/20/10/3884 (6978 words)

	Medical Neurosciences
		Let’s trace an ascending pathway from the ventral cochlear nucleus.
		Axons of cells in the superior olive then cross in what is called the trapezoid body, enter the opposite lateral lemniscus and eventually reach the inferior colliculus.
		4.) the lateral lemniscus terminates in the inferior colliculus of the midbrain, while the brachium of the inferior colliculus terminates in the medial geniculate body of the thalamus.
	www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu /virtualbrain/BrainStem/12Cochlear.html (518 words)

	Compositions including modafinil for treatment of eating disorders and for appetite stimulation - Patent 6455588
		Furthermore, because the lateral hypothalamus is classically implicated in eating behavior, activation of this area by modafinil indicates that administration of modafinil will also be useful in control of eating disorders or for appetite enhancement.
		Innervation was also observed in the pedunculopontine nucleus, the lateral dorsal tegmental nucleus, the horizontal and vertical limbs of the diagonal band of Broca, and the medial septal nucleus, as previously reported (Peyron et al., Neurosci.
		Thus, in the lateral hypothalamus, modafinil treatment is associated with activation of orexin neurons, and is thus useful as a treatment for eating disorders or for increasing appetite.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6455588.html (3820 words)

	[No title]
		The red nucleus has two major subdivisions: the caudal magnocellular part gives rise to the rubrospinal tract and the rostral parvocellular part gives rise to the rubrothalamic tract.
		The distinct red color of the red nucleus is imparted by iron, due to the high vascularization of this nucleus.
		Subthalamic Nucleus: (best seen on slide #62; should be small and dark, can't miss it!) Given the ventral location, this is likely a motor nucleus.
	mcb.berkeley.edu /courses/mcb163/labs/2005/2005-wk10.doc (1078 words)

	Gordon's Entomological Glossary
		The carton or wax outermost later of the nest of a social insect, particularly those of wasps.
		The dorsal surface of the 2nd thoracic segment - the mesothorax: usually the largest thoracic sclerite.
		The dorsal surface or sclerite of the 1
	www.earthlife.net /insects/glossary.html (9240 words)

	Vascular Syndromes of the Thalamus -- Schmahmann 34 (9): 2264 -- Stroke
		Schematic diagram of lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views of the 4 major thalamic arteries and the nuclei they irrigate, according to Bogousslavsky et al.
		dorsal and the anterior thalamic nuclei), and focal lesions
		Limbic nuclei of thalamus and connections of limbic cortex, I: organization of projections of the anterior group of nuclei and of the midline thalamic nuclei of the thalamus to the anterior cingulate gyrus and hippocampal rudiment in the monkey.
	stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/34/9/2264 (6460 words)

	Activation of thalamic ventroposteriolateral neurons by phrenic nerve afferents in cats and rats -- Zhang and Davenport ...
		CL, central lateral nucleus; GL, geniculate lateral nucleus; LD, lateral dorsal nucleus; LP, lateral posterior nucleus; MD, median dorsal nucleus, CM, central medial nucleus; PED, cerebral peduncle; RN, reticular nucleus; PU, pulvinar; STN, subthalamic nucleus; VL, ventrolateral nucleus; VPM, ventral posterior medial nucleus; HP, hypothalamus posterior.
		The neural responses in the contralateral VPL nucleus
		VPO is the rostral and dorsal portion of
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/94/1/220 (3726 words)

	Lecture notes of Chapter 1
		Structure: (Nucleus is a group of neurons) 1).
		Structure: contains a number of distinct nuclei (dorsomedial nucleus, posterior nucleus, preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, ventralmedial nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, arcuate nucleus) (2).
		Striatum: putamen and caudate nucleus - movement (receives major dopaminergic input from substantia nigra of the midbrain) (3).
	www.humboldt.edu /~sh4/p321notech4.htm (1412 words)

	Roi Alphabetic index
		WOROI: 280 - Caudal caudatus (Tail of caudate nucleus).
		WOROI: 280 - Nucleus caudatus; tail (Tail of caudate nucleus).
		WOROI: 640 - Nucleus pulvinaris inferior thalami (Inferior pulvinar nucleus).
	hendrix.imm.dtu.dk /services/jerne/brede/index_roi_alphabetic.html (3608 words)

	Identification and Characterization of Novel Mammalian Neuropeptide FF-like Peptides That Attenuate Morphine-induced ...
		Expression of FF1 and FF2 in Rat CNS-- The CNS distribution of FF1 and FF2 expression was examined by in situ hybridization analysis throughout the entire rat CNS.
		lateral parabrachial nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and
		thalamic nuclei, lateral septum, and nucleus of the solitary tract,
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/40/36961 (5002 words)

	Temporary Inactivation in the Primate Motor Thalamus During Visually Triggered and Internally Generated Limb Movements ...
		of the reticular nucleus and the somatosensory responses characteristic
		Georgopoulos, A. DeLong, M. and Crutcher, M. Relations between parameters of step-tracking movements and single cell discharge in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of the behaving monkey.
		Kermadi, I., and Joseph, J. Activity in the caudate nucleus of monkey during spatial sequencing.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/83/5/2780 (7834 words)

	Atlas of the Subcortical Central Auditory System of the Cat
		There are low magnification views of 24 Nissl-stained sections spanning the entire subcortical auditory pathway from the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) to the medial geniculate body (MGB) of the thalamus.
		External (dorsal and lateral) nucleus of inferior colliculus (ICX)
		Staining for acetylcholinesterase (AChE, the enzyme that degrades acetylcholine and is a useful marker for cholinergic neurons) in the hilus (dorsal indentation) of the LSO.
	web.mit.edu /hst.723/www/BrainAtlas/BrainAtlas.htm (1141 words)

	Sylvius Neuroanatomical Reference / Glossary Index
		Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal complex, gelatinosa part
		Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal complex, interpolar subnucleus
		Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal complex, oral subnucleus
	www.sylvius.com /index (24 words)

	Physiological Psychology, 17. Thalamus
		Oldest division of thalamus; animals with rudimentary cortex; sense of smell.
		Anteroventral nucleus -- from mammilothalamic tract to cingulate gyrus
		Dorsal lateral nucleus and posterior lateral -- parietal projection nuclei
	neuro.psyc.memphis.edu /ugp/css017.html (194 words)

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