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Topic: Lateral line

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	Lateral line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lateral lines are usually visible as faint lines running lengthwise down each side, from the vicinity of the gill covers to the base of the tail.
		The receptors in the line, known as neuromasts, each consist of a group of hair cells, whose hairs are surrounded by a protruding jelly-like cupula, typically 1/10 to 1/5 mm long.
		The hair cells in the lateral line are similar to the hair cells inside the vertebrate inner ear, indicating that the lateral line and the inner ear share a common origin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lateral_line (398 words)

	Lateral Line Physiology and Anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The lateral line system is a collection of small mechanoreceptive patches or neuromasts located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes.
		Although auditory and lateral line pathways in the central nervous system are separate, they are largely parallel and share many of the same organizational features, suggesting that the two systems have developed and evolved in close association with each other and may share common principles of operation.
		Lateral line physiological experiments are designed to investigate the ways in which sources of water disturbance are detected by the lateral line system of fish and how flow patterns arising from these sources are represented in the peripheral and central nervous system.
	www.parmly.luc.edu /parmly/lat_line_phys_anat.html (531 words)

	The Lateral Line
		The lateral line organ is only found in fish and a few primitive amphibians.
		The pores are not restricted to the lateral line but are also distributed all over the fish, particularly on the head.
		The individual pores, called a lateral line organ, or neuromas, consists of a cluster of hairs surrounded by a jellylike substance that flexes in response to pressure.
	www.thatfishshop.com /ichthyology/lateralline.htm (239 words)

	Information on Fish Lateral Line System
		The lateral line system, found in many fishes and in some aquatic amphibians, is sensitive to differences in water pressure.
		The basic sensory unit of the lateral line system is the neuromast, which is a bundle of sensory and supporting cells whose projecting hairs are encased in a gelatinous cap.
		The lateral line system runs along the sides of the body onto the head, where it divides into three branches, two to the snout and one to the lower jaw.
	www.lookd.com /fish/laterallinesystem.html (436 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Lateral Line
		Water carries sound vibrations through small pores in a fish’s skin and into the lateral line, an inner fluid-filled canal.
		Moving through the canal, the vibrations stimulate the hairs of sensory organs.
		The branching lateral nerve connects these sensory organs to the fish’s brain, transmitting information about the flow of surrounding water and the movements of other organisms.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461517642/Lateral_Line.html (58 words)

	the City of Webster Groves Website!
		A lateral sewer service line is a sewer line that extends from three to five (3-5) feet outside of the building foundation wall or exterior wall to the sewer main in the street or sewer easement.
		If an owner is experiencing a problem with the lateral sewer service line, the owner must first contact a plumbing company or a drain and sewer cleaning company to have the line cabled.
		If the television inspection demonstrates that the line is defective, the testing contractor shall be paid by the City; if the television inspection fails to demonstrate that the line is defective, the testing contractor shall be paid by the homeowner.
	www.webstergroves.org /index.asp?SID=371 (643 words)

	Postembryonic development of the posterior lateral line in zebrafish -- Ledent 129 (3): 597 -- Development
		of the PLL is the conspicuous line of neuromasts that extends
		are the neuromasts of the lateral branch of the PLL (L-PLL),
		The neuromasts of the L line are not numbered; the dotted arrow (in grey) outlines the distorted geometry of this line due to unequal migration.
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/129/3/597 (4656 words)

	Rat-L-Trap® Technology-The Lateral Line. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Without it's lateral line, a fish loses its ability to maintain its position relative to other fish as a school swims through the water.
		The lateral line also serves as a built-in sonar system for determining distances from stationary objects.
		From a fisherman’s perspective, perhaps a fish’s most important use of the lateral line is inspecting food before eating or rejecting it.
	www.rat-l-trap.com /tech_lateral.php (268 words)

	Predatory catfish use lateral line for wake-tracking \| Practical Fishkeeping magazine
		Predatory catfishes use their sensitive lateral line sensory system for tracking the wake caused by prey as they swim after dark, says a new study.
		By deactivating either the lateral line system or the sense of taste on the barbels, the scientists should be able to work out which of the two senses were most important in prey tracking.
		(2004) - The importance of the lateral line in noctural predation of piscivorous cafish.
	www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk /pfk/pages/item.php?news=394 (524 words)

	Lateral Line Behavior (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Parmly faculty members are conducting studies on how Lake Michigan mottled sculpin use their lateral line system in detecting water motion created by the small vertebrate and invertebrate prey that they feed on.
		Pharmacological or mechanical blocking of the lateral line system results in a complete disappearance of the orientation and subsequent approach and strike behavior, indicating that the lateral line system is extremely important in helping these fish locate nearby vibratory sources.
		Studies on both sculpin and muskie involve selective elimination of the lateral line and visual systems to partition out the role of the lateral line system in feeding and prey localization.
	www.parmly.luc.edu /parmly/lat_line_behav.html (412 words)

	City of Crestwood, MO \| Sewer Lateral Program \| Sewer Lateral Policy
		A lateral sewer service line is a sewer line, which extends from the building foundation wall or exterior wall to the sewer main in the street or sewer easement.
		Any sewer lateral line which cannot be properly investigated due to a blockage shall be considered blocked and is eligible for repair.
		This expense is the responsibility of the resident and is not eligible under the sewer lateral policy.
	www.ci.crestwood.mo.us /SewerLateral/policy.aspx (2103 words)

	Lateral Line Mechanoreceptors and Electrobiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Northcutt, G. The phylogenetic distribution and innervation of craniate mechanoreceptive lateral lines.
		In: The mechanosensory lateral line: neurobiology and evolution.
		Streidter, G.F. Phylogenetic changes in the connections of the Lateral Preglomerular Nucleus in ostariophysan teleosts: a pluralistic view of brain evolution, Brain Behav.
	www.umich.edu /~bio440/lateroelecsensory.html (149 words)

	Fly Fishing West Georgia & Beyond - Bead Rattle Fly
		That's hardly surprising, because sound is a proven fish attractant (see the addendum on the Fish's Lateral Line and Sense of Hearing at the bottom of this article).
		We cannot imagine what sort of perception or information this uniquely piscine system provides; the Encyclopedia Bnttanica notes that we might think of the lateral line "as a remote sense of touch." In some species and in some environments, a fish's lateral line is probably at least as important as any of its other senses.
		Its lateral line lets it sense a swimming crayfish or minnow, and also tells it the location and distance of the crawdad or baitfish.
	www.flyfishga.com /bead_rattle/bead-rattle.htm (2065 words)

	Lateral Line Behavior (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Patches of hair cells called neuromasts (fl dots) are distributed all over the body surface of the fish, either directly on the skin surface or just under the skin surface in fluid filled canals (shaded areas).
		Thus, it is possible to drive the behavior with mechanosensory cues alone, to use the same controllable stimulus source in both physiological and behavioral experiments, and to use a set of dipole field equations for characterizing the stimulus field and for modeling stimulation patterns along lateral line canal neuromasts (see the computational modeling demo).
		In this demo, you will see a short video clip of a single prey capture sequence and the corresponding changes in modeled stimulation patterns to different lateral line canals on the head and body of the sculpin as it approaches the artificial prey.
	caspar.bgsu.edu /~latline/lat_line_behav_demo.html (240 words)

	Retinoic acid repatterns axolotl lateral line receptors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		ABSTRACT The effects of all-trans retinoic acid on the development of the lateral line placodes of axolotls was studied.
		Those embryos exposed to the highest concentration of retinoic acid failed to form much of the forebrain and midbrain, including the olfactory, optic and otic organs, which were reduced or absent.
		Although all lateral line placodes continued to generate fully formed receptors and cranial nerves, the production of neuromasts and the organization of these receptors into lines were markedly reduced.
	www.ijdb.ehu.es /abstract.0401/a63.htm (183 words)

	Head and Lateral Line Erosion in Fish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This syndrome could be described as a disease or condition that causes skin, scale and tissue loss in the head region and/or along the lateral line sensory system or flanks of fish.
		The lateral line system consists of a row of pores that runs along the flank of fish.
		This is significant since the mucus layer is the first line of defense against potential pathogens.
	www.marineaquariumadvice.com /hypothesis_head_lateral_line_erosion.html (1474 words)

	Lateral Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The lateral line is a discrete wearable that is worn next to the body.
		Whist wearing the lateral line the user can choose to log the fields they are passing through, it sends the field strength data and location wirelessly to a database of the whole city (
		The lateral line was originally conceived as a wearable used by someone with strong or paranoid interest in fields.
	www.interaction.rca.ac.uk /alumni/00-02/jez/HTML/crd2/lateral_line_02.htm (187 words)

	Neural Recordings From the Lateral Line in Free-Swimming Toadfish, Opsanus tau -- Palmer et al. 205 (2): 216 -- The ...
		of primary afferent fibers of the anterior lateral line nerve
		The primary afferents of the anterior lateral line in the toadfish
		Neural activity of the anterior lateral line in Opsanus tau in response to reafferent self-generated motion.
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/full/205/2/216 (830 words)

	The Lateral Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It was cast at The Lateral Line Bronze Casting Studio in Chimacum and was comissioned by the City of Mount Vernon and funded 50/50 by the City and ALEA (Aquatic Lands Enhancement Account program).
		The Lateral Line Gallery and Studio is located in Chimacum, WA.
		The Lateral Line Bronze Casting Studio is the natural evolution of Riverdog Fine Arts Foundry, established and run by sculptor and foundryman Tom Jay from 1969 to 1997.
	thelateralline.com (836 words)

	Met and Hgf signaling controls hypaxial muscle and lateral line development in the zebrafish -- Haines et al. 131 (19): ...
		(F) Unbroken lines indicate the level of the sections in the G and H. Section of 48 hpf embryo transplanted in F, at the level of somite 4 (SOM) showing the successful nature of the transplant into the ventral region.
		Arrowheads indicate expression within the migrating lateral line primordia and arrows within the ventral lateral regions of somites 4-6.
		The lack of attachment at the cleithrum at 96 hpf also appears to affect the sternohyal muscle (arrows), which, although still present, is retracted from its attachment to the rostral point of the cleithrum (arrows).
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/131/19/4857 (8430 words)

	lateral line system -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The individual receptor, called a lateral line organ, or neuromast, consists of a cluster of innervated hairs surrounded by a jellylike projection (cupula) that bends in response to water movements.
		Perhaps the most interesting specialization of the lateralline system is the formation in several groups of fish of deeply buried, single electrically sensitive organs.
		Lesson on differences between lines, rays, line segments, and planes along with details on methods to construct them.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9047277 (793 words)

	NOVA Online \| Island of the Sharks \| Feel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sharks have a special system, called a lateral line, that picks up the vibrations in the water.
		This narrow strip of sensory cells runs along the sides of the body and into the head.
		Sharks use the lateral line to detect the erratic motions of sick or wounded prey (easy-to-catch meals) when they are about three to 10 feet away.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/sharks/world/sensefeel.html (114 words)

	Monoclonal Tor70; lateral line, notochord (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		At stage 40, staining is absent from the notochord, but prominent in lateral line, proctodeum, stomodeum and nasal pits.
		Closer shot of the head stain in the infraorbital lateral line.
		Other lateral line refs; Northcutt, R.G., Brandle, K. and Fritzsch, B. (1995) Electroreceptors and mechanosensory lateral line organs arise from single placodes in axolotls.
	www.xenbase.org /XMMR/Marker_pages/LateralLine/tor70ll.html (232 words)

	Lateral Line Fishing- Wear Your Passion - Innovative Year Round Fishing Apparel and Gear - Fishing Apparel, Fishing ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The two systems used by fish to detect sounds and vibrations, respectively, are called the inner ear and lateral line.
		The lateral line is a protective feature found in fish that is sensitive to differences in water pressure and water vibrations.
		A fish's lateral line is its 'protective gear' from the elements.
	www.lateralline.net (235 words)

	List of All Products
		For all drains, a gravel sump beneath drain is necessary only in heavy clay conditions.
		Clamp to polyethylene pipe at end of line with wicking pad oriented downward.
		Glue to PVC pipe at end of line with wicking pad downward.
	www.sprinklersuperstore.com /en-us/p_272.html (136 words)

	Pollachius virens lateral line references (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Summary: Lateral line pale, prominent, continuous to about middle of third dorsal fin, smooth along its entire length.
		Literature: Robins and Ray 1986: Reference to family Gadidae: Page 92 (text): "Lateral line prominent." Reference to Pollachius virens: Plate 15 (caption) - "Lateral line pale." Cohen et al.
		Lateral line continuous to about middle of third dorsal fin." Reference to Pollachius virens: Page 70 (key) - "Lateral line smooth along its entire length..." Page 72 (text) - "Lateral line smooth along its entire length." "...lateral line pale."
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~frf/rfe3ap17.html (128 words)

	Lateral-Line Flow Sensors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A UniSci news release describes an interesting new type of sensor for underwater robots.
		The sensor is based on a sensory organ possessed by fish called a lateral line system.
		The sensor responds to fluid flow around the fish (or robot), effectively allowing it to "feel" the water; making it possible to detect objects and sense movement even in complete darkness.
	robots.net /article/519.html (89 words)

	:: Lateral Line Creative Services ::
		To download a PDF of the map oppodite click here
		Since 1994 Lateral Line has provided a multi-disciplinary design service to a full spectrum of clients, from international manufacturers to local enterprises, cutting-edge innovators to blue-chip institutions.
		Our work has brought us and our clients much success, and our new, city centre offices are just the latest testimony to that.
	www.lateralline.co.uk (123 words)

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