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Topic: Lateral medullary syndrome

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	Restricted Dissociated Sensory Loss in a Patient With a Lateral Medullary Syndrome : A Clinical-MRI Study -- Cerrato ...
		Lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) is a well-recognized vascular
		a dissociated sensory syndrome because the spinothalamic tract
		medullary infarction and the spinothalamic tract in lateral
	stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/12/3064 (1572 words)

	Lateral medullary syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lateral medullary syndrome (also called Wallenberg's syndrome) is a disease in which the patient has difficulty with swallowing or speaking or both owing to one or more patches of dead tissue (known as an infarct) caused by interrupted blood supply to parts of the brain.
		It is the clinical manifestation resulting from occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or one of its branches or of the vertebral artery, in which the lateral part of the medulla oblongata infarcts, resulting in a typical pattern.
		This syndrome is characterized by sensory deficits affecting the trunk and extremities on the opposite side of the infarct and sensory and motor deficits affecting the face and cranial nerves on the same side with the infarct.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wallenberg's_syndrome (353 words)

	lateral medullary syndrome - General Practice Notebook
		Lateral Medullary Syndrome was originally believed to be the result of occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
		The terms posterior inferior cerebellar artery stroke and lateral medullary syndrome are synonyms.
		The syndrome is produced by a wedge-shaped infarction of the lateral medulla and inferior surface of the cerebellum.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /medwebpage.cfm?ID=-831848439 (851 words)

	Brain stem infarcts are less common than hemispheric infarcts but it is often difficult to localize them (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		These are the syndromes resulting from occlusion of paramedian mesencephalic arteries, the basilar penetrating arteries in the pons, the superior cerebellar artery, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the medulla.
		The lateral medullary syndrome of Wallenberg: (or the syndrome of posterior inferior cerebellar artery)
		Although this syndrome was originally thought to be caused by occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, in majority of the cases, the occlusion is in the vertebral artery.
	www.indegene.com /Neu/FeatArt/indNeuFeatArt7.html (5228 words)

	Lateral Medullary Syndrome
		The PICA supplies the dorsal lateral medullary plate and portions of the posterior medial cerebellum (uvula, nodulus and probably portions of the paraflocculus).
		Saccade syndrome (interruption of inferior cerebellar peduncle (and climbing fibers) causing a functional inhibition of ipsilateral fastigial nucleus)
		Other vascular syndromes to keep in mind in the differential diagnosis of the patient with acute vertigo include the vestibular-masseter syndrome, due a branch occlusion (AICA or PICA) involving the vestibular afferents on their way to the vestibular nuclei as they pass the motor nucleus of the V nerve.
	www.bme.jhu.edu /labs/chb/disorders/wallenbe.html (414 words)

	The Brain Stem and Cerebellum
		The pyramids decussate at the junction of the medulla and cervical spinal cord.
		The spinothalamic tracts continue in a lateral position throughout the brainstem on their way to the thalamus (figure 5).
		The critical structures involved are the descending corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers in the cerebral peduncle, and the fibers of the third nerve that traverse the peduncle on exiting the midbrain.
	medinfo.ufl.edu /year2/neuro/review/bsc.html (1520 words)

	Radiology, University of Rochester Medical Center
		Wallenberg’s syndrome is characterized by an ipsilateral Horner's syndrome and loss of pain and temperature sensation over the face on the same side, associated with contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in the body.
		The lesion was traditionally attributed to a dorsolateral medullary infarction with posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion.
		Patterns of lateral medullary infarction: vascular lesion-magnetic resonance imaging correlation of 34 cases.
	www.urmc.rochester.edu /smd/Rad/neurocases/Neurocase33.htm (620 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Lateral Medullary Syndrome - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Lateral Medullary Syndrome: Infarction of the dorsolateral aspect of the medulla due to occlusion of the vertebral artery and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
		Lateral Medullary Syndrome is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		Lateral Medullary Syndrome: Wallenberg's syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by swallowing difficulties and hoarseness which results from paralysis of a portion of the vocal cord.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/lateral_medullary_syndrome.htm (356 words)

	Untitled Document
		Meniere’s syndrome is due to endolymphatic hydrops, which is secondary to various medical conditions that interfere with the reabsorption of the endolymph.
		Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg’s or PICA syndrome is due to the occlusion (blockage) of the vertebral artery supplying the lateral medulla.
		Lateral pontomedullary or AICA syndrome is due the occlusion (blockage) of blood supply to the dorsolateral pontomedullary area, inferior cerebellum, membranous labyrinth and eight cranial nerve.
	www.dizzinessbalancedisorders.com.au /body.php?pageid=2 (804 words)

	Nya aspekter på Wallenbergs synd... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Lateral medullary infarction - the pattern of vascular occlusion.
		Central poststroke pain and Wallenberg’s lateral medullary infarction: frequency, character, and determinants in 63 patients.
		The singular affection of Gaspard Vieusseaux: an early description of the lateral medullary syndrome.
	ltarkiv.lakartidningen.se /artNo29053 (652 words)

	Answers for CLINICAL PROBLEM SOLVING: BRAINSTEM
		This constellation of symptoms is known as lateral medullary syndrome (or Wallenberg's Syndrome).
		Lateral medullary syndrome is the most common of the medullary syndromes and is frequently the result of thrombosis of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) or the vertebral artery from which the PICA arises.
		However, because the axons of the pyramidal tract are dispersed in the basal pons, the hemiplegia may be incomplete in either.
	www2.umdnj.edu /~neuro/problems/bstem1a.htm (1073 words)

	Acute Dizziness and Vertigo
		The classic cause of Wallenberg’s syndrome is infarction involving the lateral or medial branches of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).
		Cerebellar and lateral medullary infarctions can be misdiagnosed as peripheral labyrinthitis, because of the prominent symptoms of nausea and vomiting and the frequent absence of focal weakness.
		Both cerebellar strokes and lateral medullary infarction (Wallenberg syndrome) typically have prominent vertigo and dizziness as symptoms.
	www.ferne.org /Lectures/Bergey_MS.htm (2760 words)

	PICA syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		PICA Syndrome happens if there is blockage of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery.
		ipsilateral Horner's syndrome (dysfunction of descending sympathetic fibers).
		Patient may present with ataxia on the side of lesion.There may also be decreased gag reflex on the side of lesion.Patient might present with hiccoughs.There will be face numbness on side of the lesion whereas there will be contralateral body numbness.Patient can also present with Horner's Syndrome on the same side as the lesion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/PICA_syndrome (171 words)

	Imigraine.Net B. Todd Troost, M.D.
		Of 39 patients with the lateral medullary syndrome studied by Currier et al.
		We have previously discussed the thalamic syndrome of Déjerine and Roussy (1906) that occurs primarily from thrombosis of the thalamogeniculate artery.
		In this syndrome, there is complete contralateral hemianalgesia (and homonymous hemianopia) that is usually transient, giving way to painful sensations of a peculiarly disagreeable quality upon stimulation of the opposite side of the body.
	imigraine.net /other/central.html (1086 words)

	Utricular Dysfunction
		The syndrome "otolithic crisis of Tumarkin" is attributed to an acute mechanical deformation of one of the otolith macules (sensory epithelium).
		In patients with dorsolateral medullary syndromes, hypertropia of one eye occurs while the other remains in primary position.
		Friedman concluded that severe derangement of this test is confined to brainstem lesions (such as lateral medullary syndrome) and the immediate postoperative period of peripheral vestibular lesions.
	www.dizziness-and-balance.com /disorders/unilat/utricular.html (931 words)

	Cerrahpasa Journal of Medicine 2001 Number 2
		In this report, chronic hiccup as a sign of lateral medullary syndrome was evaluated in 4 cases and the alternatives of treatment against hiccup was debated.
		OBSERVATION:Four cases with an acute onset neurological symptoms together with hiccups were diagnosed as lateral medullary syndrome based on their neurological examinations and cranial imagings.
		Hiccup is evaluated as a symptom of lateral medullary syndrome and treated with different medications.
	www.ctf.istanbul.edu.tr /dergi/genel/01s2.html (1958 words)

	Wallenberg Syndrome Information on Healthline
		Wallenberg syndrome is a type of brain stem stroke manifested by imbalance, vertigo, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness of voice, and sensory disturbance.
		The syndrome is also known as lateral medullary infarct (LMI) or posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome (PICA).
		The area of the stroke is only about 0.39 in (1 cm) vertically in the lateral part of the medulla and does not cross the midline.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/wallenberg-syndrome (1123 words)

	Basic Summary for Wallenberg's Syndrome - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Lateral Medullary syndrome, PICA syndrome, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome, Vertebral artery syndrome, PICA syndrome, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome, Vertebral artery syndrome
		Wallenberg's Syndrome is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		Cause of Wallenberg's Syndrome: Artery blockage in a vertebra or in the brain.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /w/wallenbergs_syndrome/basics.htm (347 words)

	Neurological Exam: Medulla: Lesions: Vascular Lesions - Lateral Medullary Syndrome (of Wallenberg) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Numbness of the face on the right is consistent with injury to the nucleus and tract of spinal V on the right side (which lies near the spinothalamic tracts).
		Dizziness and vomiting may be due to involvement of the vestibular nuclei and/or CN X. Drooping of the right eyelid is part of the Horner's syndrome; at this level it is due to injury of the descending autonomics in the reticular formation.
		The anatomic distribution of the involved structures indicates that the injury has occurred within the area of distribution of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
	isc.temple.edu /neuroanatomy/lab/lesions/13.htm (269 words)

	Arch Neurol -- Abstract: Wallenberg's lateral medullary syndrome. Clinical-magnetic resonance imaging correlations, ...
		Arch Neurol -- Abstract: Wallenberg's lateral medullary syndrome.
		and a lesion extending beyond the lateral medulla was found in eight.
		Pure lateral medullary infarction: clinical-radiological correlation of 130 acute, consecutive patients
	archneur.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/50/6/609 (500 words)

	eMedicine - Horner Syndrome : Article by Malvinder S Parmar, MB, MS, FRCPC, FACP
		Background: Horner syndrome results from an interruption of the sympathetic nerve supply to the eye, and is characterized by the classic triad of miosis (ie, constricted pupil), partial ptosis, and loss of hemifacial sweating (ie, anhidrosis).
		Horner syndrome may result from a lesion of the primary neuron; brainstem stroke or tumor or syrinx of the preganglionic neuron; trauma to the brachial plexus; tumors (eg, Pancoast) or infection of the lung apex; a lesion of the postganglionic neuron; dissecting carotid aneurysm; carotid artery ischemia; migraine; or middle cranial fossa neoplasm.
		Horner syndrome may be caused by lesions in the sympathetic chain, superior cervical ganglion, or along the carotid artery resulting from a Pancoast tumor (eg, apical bronchial carcinoma), trauma, or, rarely, from carotid dissection or carotid artery blow out, sarcoidosis, or tuberculosis in the cervical lymph nodes.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic1029.htm (1804 words)

	Adolf Wallenberg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He described the clinical manifestations (1895) and the autopsy findings (1901) in occlusions of the Arteria cerebelli posterior inferior (Wallenberg's syndrome).
		With Edinger, and later alone, he published the Jahresberichte über die Leistungen auf dem Gebiete der Anatomie des Zentralnervensystems.
		Wallenberg's syndrome (Synonims: Dorsolateral medullary syndrome, Lateral bulbar syndrome, Lateral medullary infarction syndrome, Posteroinferior cerebellar artery syndrome): A complex of symptoms caused by occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, resulting in sensory and sympathetic disturbances, cerebellar ataxy, etc.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adolf_Wallenberg (205 words)

	[No title]
		A patient with a lateral medullary syndrome would lose pin prick and temperature of contralateral extremities (and trunk) and of the ipsilateral face because this is where the spinal nucleus and tract of CN V are.
		Eighteen hours later she develops a loss of consciousness, and later dies.
		The patient was in a coma, with her left pupil dilated, her left eye deviated laterally and inferiorly, and her corneal responses were intact.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /som/students/2002/2002Web/Lectures/Neuro/Neuro33.doc (1462 words)

	Uneventful Upper Cervical Manipulation in the Presence of a Damaged Vertebral Artery
		Approximately 10 days later (3 weeks after injury), a single high-velocity upper-cervical manipulation (incorporating slight rotation and full lateral flexion) was performed with no change in her symptom pattern.
		Two weeks after that, the patient had development of a lateral medullary syndrome (also known as Wallenberg syndrome) after she briefly extended and rotated her upper cervical spine while painting a ceiling.
		It is suggested that the line of drive used during the single manipulation, almost pure lateral flexion with slight rotation, was responsible for the apparent innocuous response.
	www.chiro.org /LINKS/ABSTRACTS/Uneventful_Upper_Cervical_Manipulation.shtml (360 words)

	News Roundup: New and Noteworthy Information
		A few hours later, he experienced right-side numbness and a tingling sensation that spread from his fingers to his arm.
		is associated with lateral medullary syndrome, according to a report of four consecutive cases published in the January 25 Neurology.
		The researchers also noted that number of siblings and area of residence were clearer demarcations of socioeconomic status in the early 20th century.
	www.neurologyreviews.com /mar00/nr_mar00_newsroundup.html (1469 words)

	Brainstem Stroke Syndromes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The "locked in syndrome", denoting a state where the unfortunate patient can think and see but may be unable to respond may occur.
		Also known as "lateral medullary syndrome", or "Wallenberg's syndrome", after Wallenberg's description in 1895.
		Lateral tegmental hemorrhages present with 1 1/2 syndrome, small reactive pupils, limb ataxia of the cerebellar type, and contralateral hemisensory loss (Caplan and Goodwin, 1982)
	www.neuro.northwestern.edu /meded/stroke/brainstem.htm (648 words)

	eMedicine - Horner Syndrome : Article by Christopher M Bardorf, MD, MS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Cocaine inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft.
		Horner syndrome in the presence of axial, shoulder, scapula, arm, or hand pain may be indicative of compression by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast tumor).
		The pain in the original Raeder syndrome is trigeminal pain associated with hypesthesia or anesthesia in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V).
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic336.htm (1765 words)

	Wallenberg's Syndrome Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Some people with Wallenberg’s syndrome report that the world seems to be tilted in an unsettling way, which makes it difficult to keep their balance when they walk.
		The outlook for someone with Wallenberg’s syndrome depends upon the size and location of the area of the brain stem damaged by the stroke.
		The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) conducts research related to Wallenberg’s syndrome in its laboratories at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and also supports additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/wallenbergs/wallenbergs.htm (449 words)

	Information about Wallenberg's Syndrome
		Wallenberg’s syndrome is a neurological condition caused by a stroke in the vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery of the brain stem.
		Wallenberg's syndrome was first described in 1808 by the Geneva physician Gaspard Viesseux (1746-1814), who rendered an exact description of his own disease at a meeting of the Société médicochirugicale de Genève.
		Some individuals with Wallenberg's syndrome will experience a lack of pain and temperature sensation on only one side of the face.
	www.mamashealth.com /syndrome/wall.asp (184 words)

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