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Topic: Latvian parliamentary election, 2002

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	Election Resources on the Internet / Recursos Electorales en la Internet
		Elections to the New Zealand House of Representatives and Elections to the German Bundestag describe the Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) representation system used in both countries, with results of parliamentary elections held in New Zealand from 1996 to 2005 and in Germany from 1972 to 2005.
		The results of parliamentary elections held in Portugal since 1975, as well as a description of the proportional representation system used to choose members of the Portuguese legislature are available in Elections to the Portuguese Assembly of the Republic.
		The results of parliamentary elections held in Denmark since 1990, as well as an overview of the proportional representation system used to choose members of the Danish legislature are available in Elections to the Danish Folketing.
	www.electionresources.org (1641 words)

	Latvia (08/07)
		The majority of Latvians belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Church; a sizable minority is Russian Orthodox, and Eastern Latvia is predominantly Roman Catholic.
		Latvians and Lithuanians are the only surviving direct descendents of the Baltic peoples who speak languages of the Indo-European family.
		The U.S. Legation in Riga was officially established on November 13, 1922 and served as the headquarters for U.S. representation in the Baltics during the interwar era.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5378.htm (4907 words)

	[No title]
		In its 2002 report on EU accession, the European Commission noted that "Latvia's political institutions function properly and in conditions of stability." Since the restoration of independence, the country has held national elections four times, and all were deemed free and fair.
		In May 2002, Parliament amended the Law on Elections by removing the provision that required candidates in national and local elections to be proficient in the Latvian language.
		In 2002, the Latvian government continued to reform its system of public administration and approved an action plan for the implementation of the Public Administration Reform Strategy for the years 2001 to 2006.
	www.freedomhouse.org /inc/content/pubs/nit/inc_country_detail.cfm?page=47&nit=230&year=2003&pf (6395 words)

	The World of Parliaments - Issue N°8, page 8
		On 24 August 2002, a total of 39 changes to 24 articles of the Constitution were overwhelmingly approved in a referendum for which turnout was recorded at 83.6 per cent.
		On 5 February 2002, the Senate adopted an amendment to its rules granting official recognition to political parties that are registered as parties under the Canada Election Act at the time when recognition is sought in the Senate and that have at least five members in the Senate.
		On 27 May 2002, a referendum on a constitutional reform was held and approved by a 99 per cent majority of the votes cast.
	www.ipu.org /news-e/8-7.htm (1602 words)

	Latvijas Republikas Saeima
		Elections of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Latvia were held on March 18, 1990.
		The legal basis for the elections was the Law on the Elections of the Fifth Saeima adopted on October 20, 1992.
		The parliamentary group consisting of Latvia’s Farmers Union, the Christian Democratic Union, and the Latgale Democratic Party functioned until November 1997, when a parliamentary group of Latvia’s Farmers Union and the Christian Democratic Union was formed.
	www.saeima.lv /Informacija_eng/likumdeveju_vesture.html (2280 words)

	Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights - Limited observation of parliamentary elections in Latvia
		The limited election observation mission will focus on the legal framework and its implementation, the work of the election administration at central and regional levels, the political campaign, the media coverage of the campaign, and issues related to the participation of minority populations in the election process.
		ODIHR election monitors speak to a member of the electoral commission at a polling station in Riga during parliamentary elections in Latvia, 7 October, 2006.
		The ODIHR observed elections in Latvia in 1998 and 2002.
	www.osce.org /odihr/item_12_20611.html (336 words)

	East European Constitutional Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Latvians remain content to “think left but vote right,” and the country is still one of the few in the postcommunist world never to have had a left-wing government.
		Latvian political parties used many innovative techniques to attract voters, including organizing beer festivals and hiring television celebrities to tour the country with politicians in order to attract an audience.This is not cheap.
		This means that Latvian parties spent a total of 2.8 lats ($4.70) per voter on this campaign, compared to 1.7 ($2.80) in the US and 0.4 ($0.70) in the UK.8 The wealthiest party is the People’s Party, having spent over 1.2 million lats ($2 million) on the campaign, more than double its nearest rivals.
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol11_12num4_1/focus/auers.html (2198 words)

	Latvijas Republikas Saeima
		The Mandate, Ethics and Submissions Committee shall verify the election documents and shall notify the Saeima of the results of this verification, and the Saeima, by its decision, shall approve the mandate of the said candidate.
		If during the runoff elections no one has been elected, runoff elections are repeated, excluding in each subsequent election the nominee who has received the least number of votes in the previous round.
		Runoff elections shall be repeated until one of the nominees receives the necessary number of votes to be elected.
	www.saeima.lv /Likumdosana_eng/likumdosana_kart_rullis.html (7170 words)

	Pravda.RU:Parliamentary election due in Latvia on Saturday
		Elections to the Latvian parliament, Seim, will be held on Saturday.
		It will be the eighth elections in the history of the Latvian state, created in 1918, and the fourth since the restoration of its independence.
		The 5-percent barrier has to be overcome for election to parliament.
	newsfromrussia.com /cis/2002/10/05/37767_.html (151 words)

	CER \| Latvia prosecutes National Bolshevics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Latvian diplomats tried to keep a low profile on the issue and to "disconnect" the Kaliningrad nuclear news from NATO enlargement rationale.
		Latvian prosecutors sent a criminal case to court against members of Russia's radical National Bolshevik movement.
		The Latvian securities commission expects a 17 percent jump in total securities market volumes in 2001, to over LVL four billion (USD 6.5 billion) from 2000, with foreign securities to see the highest increase.
	www.ce-review.org /01/1/latvianews1.html (1147 words)

	ipedia.com: List of election results Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This is a list of election results from around the world.
		There is also a list of political parties and a list of politics by country.
		UK Regional and local elections (including Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales)
	www.ipedia.com /list_of_election_results.html (377 words)

	History of Latvia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Until the 1860s, there still was little sense of a Latvian national identity, as both serfdom and institutional controls to migration and social mobility limited the boundaries of the peasants' intellectual and social geography.
		The onset of WWI brought German occupation of the western coastal province of Kurzeme, and Latvians heroically countered the invasion with the establishment of several regiments of riflemen commanded by Czarist generals.
		The sagging military campaign generally increased Latvian and LSDU support for the Bolsheviks' successful October Revolution in 1917, in the hopes of a "free Latvia within free Russia." These circumstances led to the formation of the Soviet "Iskolat Republic" in the unoccupied section of Latvia.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/latvia.html (1906 words)

	[ RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY ]
		In the 1994 parliamentary elections, 51 candidates vied for the 50 seats in the Mejlis.
		This upcoming election is distinguished from previous parliamentary elections in Turkmenistan in that it holds even less relevance.
		Prior to the 1999 parliamentary elections, Paul Ullman, head of the OSCE mission in Turkmenistan, met with Niyazov, telling him the OSCE would not send any monitors to the parliamentary elections.
	www.rferl.org /specials/turkmenelections/introduction.asp (885 words)

	Latvians Online \| Features
		In all, 53 polling stations operated outside of Latvia for this year’s election, almost twice as many as in 2002 when a total of 7,490 votes were cast abroad in person or by mail.
		Voters at the Latvian consulate in Bonn, Germany, were mostly from the post-World War II exile generation, said local election commission Chairperson Inga Graudiņa.
		The number of Latvian citizens in the Channel Islands, which includes Guernsey, may be anywhere from 2,000 to 6,000, Tuļina said, although official figures recorded by Guernsey administrators put the total at 800-900.
	latviansonline.com /index.php/features/article/2104 (2865 words)

	Elections, Latvia - Legislationline - free online legislation database
		However by requiring elected officials to take an oath of office in Latvian they may appear to be at odds with the european standards laid down in the Council of Europe's Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities (signed by Latvia in 1995, but not yet ratified).
		The UN Committee had concluded that she was a victim of a violation of the Covenant (article 25, in conjunction with article 2) and that Latvia was "under an obligation to take steps to prevent similar violations occurring in the future".
		On 7 January, the Latvian Socialist Party finished preparing documents for a case in the Constitutional Court that will dispute the lawfulness of the September 20, 2003 referendum on the country's membership in the EU.
	www.legislationline.org /?tid=57&jid=30&less=false (717 words)

	Concerns in Europe January - June 2002 - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe is scheduled to consider the overall political situation in Belarus during its September 2002 session.
		In the first four months of 2002, AI documented six different occasions in which people were deprived of their liberty as a result of peacefully expressing their concerns and frustrations with the government, particularly its poor human rights track record, on the country's squares and streets.
		Following May's presidential elections, when Jacques Chirac was re-elected president of France, the parliamentary elections, held in June, resulted in a landslide victory for the centre-right, ending years of ''co-habitation'' between a centre-right presidency and a Socialist government.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/ENGEUR010072002 (16809 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Central and Eastern Europe
		Definitive 2006 Saeima election results and an overview of the Latvian electoral system are available in Electoral Panorama.
		Parliamentary Elections in Moldova on March 6, 2005, in Romanian, Russian and English
		Elections in the Slovak Republic, in Slovak and English
	electionresources.org /eastern.europe.html (280 words)

	[No title]
		RIGA: Latvians turned out in their droves on Saturday to choose the 100 men and women who will make their laws for the next four years in the first general election since the Baltic state joined the European Union.
		The centre-right New Era party, a former member of the ruling coalition and the biggest parliamentary party, had taken an early lead, according to an exit poll made public at 4:00 pm, when seven hours of voting had elapsed and six were left before the polls close at 10:00 pm.
		The election block of the First Party of Latvia-the party accused by New Era of corruption-and Latvia’s Way was supported by around nine per cent of voters, and the conservative Fatherland and Freedom party was in sixth place with 7.32 per cent of votes.
	www.thenews.com.pk /print1.asp?id=27448 (510 words)

	Latvians Online \| E-mail an article
		Election day dawned overcast and at times rainy in Rīga and other parts of Latvia, but in many other spots around the world voters were greeted with clear skies.
		Election day in Melbourne was aided by warm weather, with the temperature reaching 29 degrees Celsius, and by the fact that Saturday morning also was time for Latvian school, Dēliņš said.
		Latvians Online is a global Internet meeting place for persons of all ages with an interest in Latvians and Latvia.
	latviansonline.com /index.php/forms/friend/2104 (2844 words)

	Polity IV Country Report 2003: Latvia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Following the 1995 legislative elections, a government was formed by a six-party coalition which collapsed by mid-1997 and was replaced by a five-party coalition government.
		Vaira Vike-Freiberga, Latvia's first female president, was nominated for the presidency only a year after she renounced her Canadian citizenship and returned to Latvia as a political unknown; her election by 53 votes in the 100 seat parliament came after five other candidates failed to win enough votes in earlier balloting.
		In May 2002, the legislature adopted amendments to the country's election laws abolishing the requirement that candidates for public office should be fluent in the Latvian language.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/polity/Lat1.htm (594 words)

	Latvian Mailer - November 25, 2002
		Latvian foreign minister: NATO, EU membership remain top priorities; Sandra Kalniete (fomerly Latvian ambassador to France) focuses on continued integration into Europe.
		Adamkus, who was elected president by a razor-thin margin in 1998 elections, fled Lithuania at 17 -- stowing away on a German military train -- as Soviet troops invaded and began arresting political opponents in 1944.
		Latvian Prime Minister Einars Repse called Thursday the most important day in his country's history since the Baltics regained independence during the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union.
	www.latvians.com /en/Mailer/envelope.php?2002_11_25.htm (8025 words)

	presidential election in Lithuania
		We should remember that the Russian businessman had already been accused in 2002 of having exported at least one military machine to Sudan that is under international embarg and having sold spare parts for military helicopters to the same State.
		At the time many believed they saw Moscow's hand in his election, a suspicion that according to them is now confirmed by the scandal.
		After decades of living under the Soviet yoke the Baltic Republic, like its Latvian and Estonian neighbours, are still suspicious about their powerful neighbour that they suspect has not really given up the control of its former republics.
	www.robert-schuman.org /anglais/oee/lituanie/presidentielle/default.htm (1495 words)

	National Alliance of Gang Investigators' Associations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Latvians occasionally refer to themselves by the ancient name of "Latvji," which may have originated from a "Latve" river that presumably flowed through what is now eastern Latvia.
		Latvians and Lithuanians are the only directly surviving members of the Baltic peoples and languages of the Indo-European family.
		In an attempt to preserve the Latvian language and avoid ethnic Latvians becoming a minority in their own country, Latvia's language law, education law, and citizenship law have caused many noncitizen resident Russians concern over their ability to assimilate, despite Latvian legal guarantees of universal human and civil rights regardless of citizenship.
	www.nagia.org /international/Latvia.htm (4480 words)

	Slow start to voting in Latvian elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Riga - Voters were slow to come to the polls on Saturday morning as Latvia held parliamentary elections.
		It may well be because of the rain we had this morning,' a spokeswoman for the Central Election Commission told Deutsche Presse-Agentur dpa.
		In each of the last three general elections, held in 1995, 1998 and 2002, over 71 per cent of eligible voters cast a ballot.
	news.monstersandcritics.com /europe/printer_1209216.php (182 words)

	CER \| Oil spill effects Latvia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Local election campaigns climaxed last week, with many parties scrambling for the support of undecided voters in the final hours before the 11 March elections.
		The Latvian Social Democratic Workers Party (LSDSP) was predicted to gain the most votes (19.8 percent), leaving For Fatherland And Freedom/LNNK with 11.3 percent of votes in the second postion and the People's Party with 10.4 percent in third place, according to a joint poll by the SKDS polling center and the television channel LNT.
		The Latvian government holds 43.62 percent of VN's shares, five percent of which will be sold to the company's biggest shareholder, the company Latvijas Naftas Tranzits.
	www.ce-review.org /01/10/latvianews10.html (1148 words)

	MINELREL-L Archive (12102001-09:16:25-11465)
		The President said that she would like to get advice of the invited experts till January 2002, whether it is worth to use the right of legislative initiative and to prepare draft amendments to the electoral laws to abolish the requirements.
		She believes that 55-60% of minority secondary schools are ready for transition to the Latvian language of instruction in 2004, 10% of these schools already use Latvian as a language of instruction.
		Head of the Parliamentary Committee on Education, Culture and Science Dzintars Abikis declared that the reason of slow transition to Latvian language of instruction in minority schools in Riga is "agitation of the coalition "For Human Rights in United Latvia" against education in Latvian" (the news agency BNS, December 5, http://rus.delfi.lv/archive/index.php?id=2285133andndate=05.12.2001andcategoryID=).
	www.minelres.lv /archive/12102001-09:16:25-11465.html (2060 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - Latvians vote in their droves in first general election since joining EU
		Latvians vote in their droves in first general election since joining EU Latvians turned out in their droves to choose the 100 men and women who will make their laws for the next four years in the first general election since the Baltic state joined the European Union.
		The election block of the First Party of Latvia -- the party accused by New Era of corruption -- and Latvia's Way was supported by around nine percent of voters, and the conservative Fatherland and Freedom party was in sixth place with 7.32 percent of votes.
		The head of the election commission, Arnis Cimdars, was quoted by the Baltic News Service (BNS) agency as saying some voters had "got scared by the long queues" and left without voting.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=27619 (845 words)

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