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	John Donohue's National Park Photos- Lava Beds National Monument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds NM is very similar to Craters of the Moon NM in Idaho.
		Craters of the Moon appears younger in that its cinder cones are not as cloaked by vegetation.
		Lava Beds National Monument is located in northern California, roughly halfway between Craters of the Moon, and Lassen Volcanic NP.
	www.serve.com /wizjd/parks/lava_beds/lava_beds.html (227 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument (National Park Service)
		Lava Beds National Monument is a land of turmoil, both geological and historical.
		These lava tube caves, of which there are more than 500 in the Monument, are a favorite underground destination for visitors to explore.
		The historic battlegrounds of the Modoc War and the surrounding volcanic landscape are the primary reasons the Lava Beds were designated as a National Monument in 1925.
	www.nps.gov /labe (168 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument
		Dry, inhospitable, rugged, and remote, Lava Beds National Monument is often hot in the summer, foggy in the winter, and inexplicably eerie at dusk.
		With hikeable lava tubes, craggy volcanic chimneys, and a climbable cinder cone etched with tumbleweed and sagebrush, Lava Beds has an otherworldliness that can’t be easily described.
		Lava Beds’ 72 square miles are covered with volcanic rock deposited there by periodic eruptions over the past 500,000 years.
	www.travellady.com /Issues/January05/1182LavaBeds.htm (850 words)

	Lava Beds NM
		Lava Caves: The lava tube caves are the most visited feature, and a group along a one way loop road near the visitor center have been developed for public access; over a dozen are signposted and are mostly quite easy to explore, with steps constructed at the entrance and some other steep places.
		In the vicinity of Lava Beds National Monument there are several interesting locations in the Klamath and Modoc National Forests to the south, reached by gravel tracks that branch off the scenic drive, or by a rather longer journey north from CA 89.
		The bulk of the lava tube caves are close to the visitor center from where you can opt for the free ranger-led tours (daily 9am and 2pm) or, with some nerve and a good light source (free to borrow from the visitor center), explore the caves alone.
	www.pacificislandtravel.com /north_america/western_usa/california/nc_lavabeds.html (1466 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds National Monument located in Siskiyou and Modoc Counies California is the site of the largest of lava tube caves in the United States.
		lava tube caves fumaroles cinder cones spatter cones maar volcanoes and lava flows.
		Temperature extremes range from ?18° (-28 C) to 102° F (39 Average annual snowfall is 44 inches (1118 The lava tube collapse systems and lava support a great diversity of plant life an impressive variety of lichens and mosses to plants such as desert sweet millefolium) and the aromatic desert (purple) sage dorrii carnosa).
	www.freeglossary.com /Lava_Beds_National_Monument (1182 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument: The natural beauty of what is, and isn’t, there - July 24, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds National Monument has a lot of lava caves and a famous Indian battleground, but what it’s really loved for is what it doesn’t have: phones, e-mail and the general noise and stress of city life.
		These rough lava beds and caves created the perfect hideout for 52 warriors and their families, as they fought the U.S. Army in a battle publicized throughout the world.
		Lava Beds was shaped into a park by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s.
	www.mailtribune.com /archive/2005/0724/life/stories/03life.htm (743 words)

	Yosemite Association - Nature Notes
		Lava Beds occurs in northeastern California on the north flank of the Medicine Lake shield volcano that erupted 17 times between 800 and 12,800 calendar years ago (Donnelly-Nolan et al.
		However, the Craters and Lava Beds Monuments, where pikas persist, experience climates that are an estimated 18–24% drier annually and 5–11% warmer during the hottest months of the year than climates at areas of even extirpated pika populations in the interior Great Basin (table 2).
		I observed several mountain cottontails along margins of lava flows in Lava Beds, but did not observe them well within the lava flow, where pikas were often seen.
	www.yosemite.org /naturenotes/Pika2.htm (1369 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument - History
		Lava Beds National Monument is the site of the largest concentration of lava tube caves in the United States.
		The monument is geologically outstanding because of its great variety of “textbook” volcanic formations; i.e., lava tube caves, fumaroles, cinder cones, spatter cones, maar volcanoes, and lava flows.
		The high elevation, semi-arid desert environment of Lava Beds receives an average of 15 inches (381mm) of precipitation annually.
	www.classbrain.com /artmonument/publish/printer_lava_beds_monument.shtml (347 words)

	Lava
		Moore and his coworkers studied lava from the Mauna Ulu eruption They described pillow lavas as elongate, interconnected flow lobes that are elliptical or circular in cross-section (Moore, 1975).
		The foreset beds are part of a lava delta that grows towards the ocean and provides a platform on which subaerial lavas can extend, thus adding new land to the island.
		Pillow lavas are also found near the summit of Mauna Kea These pillow lavas were produced by a subglacial eruption that occurred 10,000 years ago.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/vwlessons/lava.html (1573 words)

	Motorcycle Lava Beds National Monument, TuleLake, CA - Modoc
		Lava Beds for me was quite a surprise.
		Lava Beds is located in the middle of a triangular area bordered by Interstate 5, Klamath Falls, Oregon to the north, and Hwy 139 to the east.
		The lava is still fl in the picture above because plants haven't even been able to grow in the fields of raw lava.
	www.pashnit.com /roads/cal/LavaBeds.htm (1814 words)

	GORP - US National Monuments - Lava Beds National Monument
		Cinder cones, shield volcanoes, strato-volcanoes, lava tubes, both Pahoehoe (smooth and ropy) and Aa (rough and cinder-like) lava, spatter cones, and chimneys are all a part of this legacy.
		Lava tubes are not particularly unusual in a volcanic area nor is their formation difficult to explain or understand.
		When lava pours from a volcano it is hot, about 1800 degrees F. The outer edges and surface of the flow cool rapidly, however, and begin to slow down and harden.
	www.gorp.com /gorp/resource/us_nm/ca_lava.htm (1869 words)

	New Mexico - El Malpais National Monument
		The lava covers an area of 60 by 35 miles; I-40 crosses the northern margin, but the scenery is much better viewed from along NM 117 which runs south, through the monument.
		The patterns of the molten lava are still easily recognised - from large flows several metres high to small ripples at the edge of the lava course.
		South of the lava flow, the little-used road continues across flat, rather featureless and uninhabited prairie until after a further 40 miles the land becomes wooded and mountainous.
	www.americansouthwest.net /new_mexico/el_malpais_lavabeds/national_monument.html (511 words)

	College of the Siskiyous Library - Mount Shasta Collection - Modoc Memories
		Deserts are charming, all kinds of bogs, barrens, and heathy moors, but the Modoc lava beds have an uncanny look, that only an eager desire to learn their geology could overcome.
		Picking our way over the strange ridges and hollows of the "beds," we come, in a few minutes, to a circular flat a score of yards or so in diameter, where the comparative smoothness of the lava and a few handfuls of soil have caused the grass tufts to grow taller.
		Riding homeward we created a noisy plashing and beating of wings among the cranges and geese, but the ducks were more trustful and kept their places, merely swimming in and out through openings in the rushes, and rippling the glassy water on which the sun was beaming.
	www.siskiyous.edu /library/shasta/literature/jmuir/modocmem.htm (1489 words)

	Golden Gate Photo - Lava Beds Gallery
		Lava tubes are formed when certain types of lava (basalt) flow from a volcano.
		Discovered by E. Hopkins in 1892, this lava tube was named for the light brown coating of mud and minerals on its roof and walls.
		The lava stalactites (also called lavacicles or shark tooth stalactites) form on overhanging surfaces after the lava in the tube recedes and the lava coating the roof and walls hardens as it drips.
	www.goldengatephoto.com /westus/lavabed.html (433 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument - Jefferson Territory
		Lava Beds National Monument is located in the same region of the Jefferson Territory as the Lower Klamath-Tule Lake Wildlife Refuge.
		Lava Beds gained national recognition in 1925 and achieved monument status in 1933.
		Lava Beds National Monument is located off of Highway 139, 24 miles from Tule Lake and 58 miles from Klamath Falls.
	www.jeffersonterritory.com /magazine/lavabedspg.htm (485 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Frothy lava, cooled in the air, created the large cinder cones throughout the monument.
		Mammoth Crater and the nearby Modoc Crater is the source of lava that created many of the caves in the monument.
		AA is a type of lava that is very sharp in texture.
	www.usparkinfo.com /lavabeds.html (1253 words)

	Sierra Club Outings \| Captain Jack's Legend: Service in Lava Beds National Monument, California \| 05279A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds National Monument is one of California's most unusual and least-visited natural sites.
		Lava Beds is working on a "dark night sky" project to eliminate excess artificial light, so stargazing should be superb.
		Lava Beds has a number of bats that are considered "species of special concern." Some use the caves as a home while they raise their young; others use them for hibernation during the winter months.
	www.sierraclub.org /outings/national/brochure/05279a.asp (1710 words)

	EO Newsroom: New Images - Lava Beds National Monument
		Lava Beds National Monument sits just a few miles south of the border between Oregon and California and within sight of Mount Shasta in the Cascade Mountains.
		Like Craters of the Moon National Monument in Idaho, it is a recently formed (geologically speaking) set of basaltic lava flows, creating a foreboding landscape of sharp obsidian, cinder and spatter cones, twisted rivers of solidified rock, pit craters, and a network of caves from lava tubes.
		The checkerboard of pale pink and deep green along the northwestern slopes of the volcano are clear cuts within the national forest: all the trees are harvested in one area, surrounded by uncut forest.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NewImages/images_topic.php3?img_id=17065&topic=life (542 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument roommates, rooms for rent, rooms to rent, sublets, rooms, roommate, roomate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds National Monument roommates and rooms for rent are easy to find, just use our Lava Beds National Monument roommate search to find them.
		You can filter through all types of Lava Beds National Monument roommates and only choose the roommates that are perfect for your apartment or house share.
		Lava Beds National Monument roommates have been coming to Roommate Click.com since 2000 because we have a comprehensive search of available roommates and rooms for rent.
	www.roommateclick.com /geo/roommate_roommates_Lava_Beds_National_Monument.html (498 words)

	A Stronghold in the Lava
		The Modoc band was led by the warrior Kientpoos, better known as "Captain Jack." He and his people were intimately familiar with the lava flow features that formed their fortress.
		Here the lava flows have built up an area of high ground surrounded by a series of ridges and ravines formed where fingers of lava extended outward from the main flow.
		Today this battlefield is part of Lava Beds National Monument, a fascinating place where geology and history come together.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/all_about_volcanoes/84206/2 (350 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Lava Beds National Monument at Epinions.com
		Lava Beds is in the far Northeastern corner of California.
		You should note that Lava Beds gets about 6 inches a year of rain, so it's really a desert.
		Lava Beds is one of the best-run parks I've been too and has great attractions both for the lone wolf misanthrope and the family with young kids.
	www.epinions.com /trvl-review-1802-802CBF8-386AE01F-prod1 (592 words)

	Virtual Reality Panoramas of Lava Flows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Nisga'a Lava Beds on the Nass River, British Columbia, Canada.
		Lava beds form natural fortifications at Captain Jack's Stronghold, Modoc Lava Beds, California.
		The entrance to Skull Cave, Lava Beds National Monument, California.
	www.virtualguidebooks.com /ThematicLists/LavaFlows.html (171 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Lava Beds National Monument at Epinions.com
		Mid-summer, thunderstorm season, and we were driving down from Crater Lake to Lava Beds in the early evening.
		Lava Beds National Park is located in northeast California well off the beaten path.
		It was a mistake on our part because Lava Beds is a great place to see and you definitely need a...
	www.epinions.com /park-Parks-All-CA-Lava_Beds_National_Monument/display_~reviews (283 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument
		Lava Tube with collapsed roof creating natural lava bridge and garden.
		Other caves included, Golden Dome, named for the color a bacteria within the cave appears when lights are shined on it, Hopkins Chocolate, named for the similarity of the cave’s walls and chocolate, and Catacombs, a cave where multiple lava tubes intertwine and separate are the remaining caves we had time to explore.
		It was quite evident to us how the landscape, lava beds, and vegetation offered a great stronghold for the Modocs.
	members.nckcn.com /ttuttle/Travels/California/lavabeds.htm (382 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument - Before You Go (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lava Beds National Monument can be traveled in a personal vehicle, bicycle, walking, or hiking.
		Lava Beds National Monument Visitor's Center is accessible.
		Restrooms are available at the Lava Beds Visitor Center and at the nearby campground.
	www.byways.org /browse/byways/2587/places/32535/before_you_go.html (305 words)

	Lava Beds Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		"Lava Beds Caves" is an excellent booklet you can purchase from the visitor's center at Lava Beds HQ.
		"Selected Caves and Lava-tube Systems in and near Lava Beds National Monument, California (USGS survey bulletin 1673)" is probably the best source of cave information that I have seen.
		The volume comes with a 100 page booklet that describes many caves and cave formations in great detail (including many of those that aren't open to the public.) Additionally, excellent maps of tons caves are included.
	www.ecst.csuchico.edu /~beej/lavabeds/publications.html (177 words)

	Lava Beds NM: Modoc War (Chapter 8)
		The Modocs seized the initiative by swinging out of the lava beds to attack a wagon train traveling from a new camp being established on the Peninsula, or Island, to the old cavalry camp on Scorpion Point.
		Peter Schonchin claimed that after leaving the vicinity of the butte, the Modocs "crossed the lava flow to the east and stayed there several days at an ice cave at the end of a large natural bridge," Captain Jack's Ice Cave today, using the ice as a source of water.
		When Davis learned that the Indians were moving toward the southeast, he decided to send a patrol down the east side of the lava beds to prevent the Modocs from escaping.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/labe/chap8.htm (1656 words)

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