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	NWHI: About: Laysan Island
		Laysan is the second largest land mass in the NWHI (1,015 acres) just behind Sand Island at Midway Atoll.
		Although the reef at Laysan is the smallest of the NWHI (145,334 acres), it is quite rich.
		Laysan, the poster child for restorative island efforts, is considered one of the "crown jewels" of the NWHI.
	www.hawaiianatolls.org /about/laysan.php (563 words)

	Laysan Duck -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Laysan Duck, Anas laysanensis, is a (Any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling) dabbling duck which is endemic to (additional info and facts about Laysan Island) Laysan Island, (A state in the United States in the central Pacific on the Hawaiian Islands) Hawaii.
		These (Small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs) ducks are related to the (Wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed) Mallard, and have sometimes been considered to be an island race of that species.
		Laysan Island is only 3km long, and the population of this duck is based on the brackish central lagoon.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/la/laysan_duck.htm (331 words)

	Laysan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Laysan is in the middle of the leeward island chain.
		Laysan (Hawaiian: Kauō), located 930 miles northwest of Honolulu at N25° 42' 14" W171° 44' 04", is one of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
		Laysan is noted for its bird life; early expeditions to the island in the 19th century estimated the avian population in the seabird colonies at several hundred thousand or even several million.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Laysan (535 words)

	::Seabirds:: (Laysan and Black-footed Albatross )
		The Laysan Albatross and Black-footed Albatross are two of the 3 species of albatross that occur in Alaskan waters.
		Laysan, Black-footed, and Short-tailed Albatross have a wingspan of almost two meters, which is half that of the largest albatrosses.
		Nearly all of the 400,000 breeding pairs of Laysan Albatross and 50,000 pairs of Black-footed Albatross nest in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
	www.absc.usgs.gov /research/seabird&foragefish/seabirds/flash_cards/laysan_albatross.html (503 words)

	Laysan Island
		In some ways Laysan Island is the most fascinating and in some ways the most unfortunate of all the tiny dots of land in the "little end of Hawaii." In former days it supported the largest albatross rookery of the entire chain.
		Laysan is located 790 sea miles to the northwest of Honolulu, in latitude 25 degrees 42' 14" North, longitude 171 degrees 44' 04" West of Greenwich.
		Thus, when a party of Japanese poachers landed on Laysan and Lisianski in the spring of 1909, they were promptly arrested by the revenue cutter Thetis and taken to Honolulu for trial.
	www.janeresture.com /laysan/index.htm (1990 words)

	Laysan Island Cyclorama
		first visited Laysan Island in 1902 as a scientific advisor on a U.S. government expedition to explore the Pacific waters around Hawaii.
		However, three unique birds living nowhere else in the world are extinct and gone forever: the Millerbird, the Laysan Honey-eater, and a very special flightless character called the Laysan Rail.
		With proper care the Laysan Island Cyclorama will continue to stand well into the century as a vivid and timeless ecological warning and a tribute to the valiant efforts of the University community to save one small corner of the planet.
	www.uiowa.edu /~nathist/Site/laysan-main.htm (420 words)

	Arctic Studies Center
		The Laysan Albatross breeds on isolated islands in the central Pacific Ocean, but is found throughout the northern oceans during all times of the year.
		Laysan Albatrosses are among the largest of all flying birds, having a wingspread greater than 2m (6 ft), but weighing only 10 kg (22 lbs).
		Laysan Albatrosses are specialized feeders on schooling fish and snatch unwary individuals from just under the surface.
	www.mnh.si.edu /arctic/html/albatross.html (168 words)

	WWT Threatened Species Department
		The unassuming Laysan Duck is one of the most endangered waterfowl in the world.
		Amazingly, it appears that the female had sufficient semen stored in her oviduct to produce another fertile clutch and it is from this sole female that the world's population of Laysan Duck is now descended.
		Despite this obviously precarious existence in the wild, Laysan Duck are common in captivity.
	www.wwt.org.uk /threatsp/pastwwt/laysan.htm (289 words)

	[No title]
		Laysan finches, along with the other Hawaiian honeycreepers, were formerly considered to be in a separate family, the Drepanididae, but are now considered to be a unique subfamily, the Drepanidinae, under the family Fringillidae (08, 14).
		Laysan finches have also been seen entering seabird burrows, but it is unclear what they might be getting or doing there (39); possibly they are looking for invertebrates or preying on eggs.
		Laysan finches on Laysan Island have been observed feeding on leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds of Sesuvium portulacastrum (03,49); leaves and seeds of Eragrostis variabilis (03,15,39); leaves, seeds, stems, roots, and buds of Boerhavia diffusa (03,10,15,31,52); leaves, stems, seeds, flowers, and seedlings of Tribulus cistoides (03,10,15,31,39,49,52); leaves, apical buds, and seeds of Portulaca spp.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101041.htm (6758 words)

	NatureWorks - Laysan Albatross (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The laysan albatross is a little more than two feet in length and has a wingspan of over six feet.
		The laysan albatross breeds on islands in the mid-Pacific, especially islands in the Hawaiian chain.
		The female laysan albatross lays one egg in a depression in the sand.
	www.nhptv.org /natureworks/laysan.htm (334 words)

	Plastic ingestion by Laysan Albatross chicks on Sand Island, Midway Atoll, in 1994 and 1995. Heidi J. Auman et al. In ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Laysan Albatross chicks from Midway Atoll, North Pacific Ocean, were assessed in 1994 and 1995 for impacts of plastic ingestion.
		Laysan Albatrosses Diomedea (Phoebastria) immutabilis accumulate plastic materials in their proventriculi and gizzards and are reported to have a greater incidence, a wider variety, and larger volume of ingested plastic than any other seabird (Kenyon and Kridler 1969; Sileo and Fefer 1987; Sileo et al.
		Laysan Albatross chicks with plastic in their stomachs may experience all of these sensations in the hot summer months prior to fledging.
	www.mindfully.org /Plastic/Ocean/Albatross-Plastic-Ingestion1997.htm (3428 words)

	NWHI - Islands Background
		Laysan is about 1.6 kilometers across and 2.4 kilometers long.
		Laysan exemplifies restorative island efforts and is considered one of the crown jewels of the NWHI.
		Populations of the endangered Laysan finch and Laysan duck are similar in size to those recorded in the early 20th century.
	www.navigatingchange.org /ib_laysan.asp (358 words)

	BREEDING CYCLES AND BEHAVIOR OF LAYSAN AND BLACK-FOOTED ALBATROSSES
		The Laysan Albatross, to a greater degree than the Black-foot, uses the bill to rake sand, twigs, and leaves to the rim of the nest; this material is pressed down and compacted with the side of the bill.
		The fact that no Laysan chicks given to Black-foot foster parents died, while two Black-foot chicks given to Laysan foster parents did die, may indicate that, in individual cases, the difference in behavior of the Black-fo.ot chicks disturbed the foster parent Laysan Albatrosses to the extent that feeding was inhibited.
		Laysan chicks are guarded continually by one parent until they reach a mean age of 17.2 days (range: 12.0 to 24.5 days), and then intermittently until the age of 27.3 days (range 17.5 to 40.0 days).
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v079n04/p0517-p0567.html (21650 words)

	Laysan duck nests are nurturing hope - The Honolulu Advertiser - Hawaii's Newspaper
		Wildlife biologists at Midway Atoll are wary of counting their ducklings before they hatch, but they are excited nonetheless about the nesting activity of three Laysan ducks brought to the refuge in October as part of a recovery plan for the endangered species.
		This endangered Laysan duck is one of three transplants that have built nests on Midway's Sand Island.
		Klavitter said biologists have been tracking ducks on Laysan that were the same age as the Midway birds, but only half had survived due to greater competition for resources and limited food and water.
	the.honoluluadvertiser.com /article/2005/May/16/ln/ln20p.html (750 words)

	NCCOS - Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment - Remote Sensing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Laysan Island is surrounded by a vast 4,530 sq.
		Laysan Island and its surrounding shallow-water coral reefs were formed approximately 17 million years ago when the underlying shield volcano and a portion of the associated coral reef bank were lifted above sea level.
		Of all the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Laysan and Midway are the islands that have seen the most extensive alterations to their ecosystems as a result of human habitation.
	ccmaserver.nos.noaa.gov /RSD/laysan.html (652 words)

	Directory - Regional: North America: United States: Hawaii: Leeward Islands: Kauo - Laysan Island
		Laysan lies 790 sea miles northwest of Honolulu, in latitude 25 degrees 42' 14" North, longitude 171 degrees 44' 04" West of Greenwich.
		Laysan Finch · cached · Bishop Museum data on the Laysan Finch.
		Anas laysanensis (Laysan Duck): Narrative · iweb · cached · University of Michigan Museum of Zoolology data on the Laysan duck.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=704905 (267 words)

	LONGEVITY OF THE LAYSAN ALBATROSS, DIOMEDEA IMMUTABILIS
		In their entirety, and without any further theoretical extensions, the data on the Laysan showed a minimum percent survival of adults to various minimum ages as follows: 13% to 20 years, 24% to 25 years, 9% to 30 years, 2% to 35 years, 7% to 38 years, and 3% to 40 or more years.
		In summary, we may generalize that observed longevity in the Laysan Albatross is in the general order of 13% to 20 years, and, summing the data of Table 2 into a single sample of 742 albatrosses, we obtain the percentages indicated (Table 3) for birds 30 or more years of age.
		Although birds banded by the personnel of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Glenn A. Wilson in the 1950's are included in the numbers of recaptures of albatrosses 10 to 19 years of age (Table 1), they were not used in the analyses because I was not interested in such relatively short-term survival.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/JFO/v046n01/p0001-p0006.html (3133 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Laysan Finch
		When rabbits were introduced to Laysan Island in 1903 and subsequently devoured the island's vegetation, a number of endemic land birds became extinct.
		The Laysan Finch plummeted to a tiny remnant population but clung to existence by feeding on eggs and dead birds.
		Laysan is not a populated island, and access to it is strictly controlled.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=120 (622 words)

	PI-Laysan Duck
		Laysan ducks are between 15 and 17 inches in length, are brown with a bright green-blue to purple speculum (the distinctive feathers on the secondary wing feathers), and have a white area of feathers around their eyes.
		Humans came to Laysan in the 1890s to mine guano, killing 300,000 seabirds in six months and eventually eliminating three endemic landbirds (Laysan Rail, Laysan Honeycreeper, and the Laysan Millerbird).
		The Laysan duck was very close to extinction with the lowest recorded number of 11 in 1911.
	www.fws.gov /pacificislands/wesa/ducklays.html (526 words)

	reasons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Later, a biologist who visited Laysan Island observed only one pair of ducks He discovered that the male had disappeared and the eggs in the female's nest had been punctured.
		The Laysan Duck is one of the most endangered waterfowl in the world.
		Hurricanes are one of the reasons the Laysan duck is endangered.
	www.k12.hi.us /~eles/endangered/animals/laysan/reasons/reasons.htm (373 words)

	Island Castaways
		By day, the small, endangered Laysan Duck hides in the thick grass and is invisible to both the soaring seabirds overhead and the researchers who study them.
		This catastrophe brought the Laysan Duck to the brink of extinction.
		Laysan has been designated as a National Wildlife Refuge since 1909, and the ducks were among the original endangered species listed in 1964 because of the threat of their extinction.
	hvo.wr.usgs.gov /volcanowatch/2000/00_03_16.html (831 words)

	Ducks Unlimited Blogs
		The endangered Laysan duck (Anas laysanesis), also known as the Laysan teal, is considered the rarest native waterfowl in the United States, and occurs only within the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument established June 15, 2006.
		Laysan ducks were once widespread across the Hawaiian Islands, but by 1860, they were extirpated from all but Laysan Island.
		Now, Laysan ducks are found on three islands for the first time in hundreds of years, and are flying between two islands at Midway Atoll.
	www.ducks.org /blogs/1/41/index.html (472 words)

	Laysan ducks go to Midway - The Honolulu Advertiser - Hawaii's Newspaper
		The Laysan duck once was found on many Hawaiian islands, but for nearly a century, it has existed on only one small, sandy island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
		But the ducks were wiped out at Lisianski, and their population dropped to 11 birds on Laysan in 1911 after rabbits destroyed most of the vegetation.
		Laysan has slowly recovered and the duck population is estimated at roughly 500 birds.
	the.honoluluadvertiser.com /article/2004/Nov/06/ln/ln32p.html (364 words)

	Hawaii Pelagic-Laysan Albatross
		Laysans feed mostly on squid that possess light organs and that migrate up to the surface from deep water during darkness.
		Laysans usually stay at least 15 to 20 miles offshore during the non-breeding months (July - October).
		The competition for food between Black-footed and Laysan Albatross is reduced due to this difference in prey items and feeding behavior.
	www.oahunaturetours.com /pelagic/spc01layssan.html (307 words)

	USGS PIERC - POPULATION STATUS OF THE ENDANGERED LAYSAN DUCK (Anas laysanensis)
		Laysan Island's ducks are a relict population and at high risk of extinction due to severe weather, disease, accidental introductions, and habitat degradation.
		We estimate the 1999 adult population is 322 ducks (95% C.I. 290 to 355).
		The Laysan Duck Project is a cooperative project of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USGS BRD, and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
	biology.usgs.gov /pierc/PLReynoldsLaysan1.htm (242 words)

	Midway Atoll - Laysan Albatross Goony Birds
		The island truly belongs to the Laysan Albatross from early October until August when the last juvenile leaves for the open sea.
		The landscaping first introduced by the cable company and maintained today by Phoenix Midway seems to suit the Laysan Albatross.This is a view of the military housing section of the island and as you can see it serves as a nursery for the immature birds (all brown) here shown huddled in the rain.
		Laysan Albatros and Black-footed Albatross chicks place their bills inside the parent's bill to catch regurgitated food.
	www.neseabirds.com /Midway/laysan.htm (1081 words)

	Laysan - Island Profiles - Voyage to Kure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The effects of guano mining, feather poaching, and the introduction of rabbits in the early 1900s, caused the Laysan albatross population to plummet from about 1 million in 1891 to about 30,000 in 1923.
		Laysan exemplifies restorative island efforts and is considered one of the crown jewels of the NWHI.
		Populations of the endangered Laysan finch and Laysan duck are similar in size to those recorded in the early 20th century.
	www.oceanfutures.com /kure/islands/laysan.asp (383 words)

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