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Topic: Leachate

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	Leachate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Typically, landfill leachate is anoxic, acidic, rich in organic acid groups, sulfate ions and with high concentrations of common metal ions especially iron.
		The risks from waste leachate are due to pathogenic micro-organisms and toxic substances that might be present in it.
		Leachate can also be produced from land that was contaminated by chemicals or toxic materials used in industrial activities such as factories, mines or storage sites.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leachate (367 words)

	Leachate Extraction and Treatment
		Leachate seeps to the bottom of the landfill and is collected by a system of pipes from which leachate is pumped to a wastewater treatment plant.
		Leachate is often so polluted that it must be treated before it can be passed into a sewer or receiving water course.
		The problem with leachate treatment is that leachate changes in terms of strength, biodegradability, and toxicity as the wastes in the landfill age over time.
	www.soton.ac.uk /~waste/leachate_extraction_and_treatment.htm (384 words)

	Commonwealth resource management provides services for Landfill gas, Leachate evaporation, Energy project development, ...
		Leachate is a wastewater generated at landfills as a result of rainwater infiltration and the natural biodegradation of organic materials in the landfilled waste.
		Leachate collected at the landfill is pumped to an on-site holding tank, then delivered via a leachate injection skid at pressures of up to 1,000 pounds per square inch (psig) to an injection nozzle installed at the lower end of the flare.
		The water content of the leachate is evaporated, and the organic constituents in the leachate, as well as the methane and NMOCs in the LFG, are destroyed in the combustion process.
	www.crmcx.com /new/lfg_nh.html (494 words)

	Landfill Leachate and Hazardous Waste
		Leachate, the rainwater which becomes contaminated as it seeps through a coal pile, mine tailings or landfill can pose a significant threat to aquifers, rivers, lakes and watersheds if left untreated.
		The most economical and environmentally friendly way to treat landfill leachate is to reduce its volume by 75-80% using reverse osmosis, and then return the concentrate to the landfill through controlled reinjection.
		For processing landfill leachate, only a coarse sand filter is used to pre-treat influent waters, which may contain 10,000 ppm dissolved solids, and 5,000 ppm suspended solids.
	www.pall.com /water_8145.asp (562 words)

	Leachate: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Leachate is the liquid produced when water water quick summary:
		The risks from waste leachate are due to pathogenic micro-organisms and toxic substances which might be present in it.
		Waste leachate can also be produced from land which contained factories, EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/le/leachate.htm (414 words)

	REMOVING LEACHATE
		The cleanout port is usually a pipe that extends from the leachate pipe at the bottom of the landfill to the outside of the landfill.
		Leachate storage tanks are usually placed under the ground, and they need to be large enough to hold leachate for several days.
		The most common leachate treatments are biological treatment (using nature to treat the waste) and physical/chemical treatment (applying substances to separate the contaminants from the water in the leachate).
	www.erefdn.org /educationact1/removingleachate.htm (537 words)

	Landfill Leachate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Modern sanitary landfills are constructed to prevent leachate contamination of groundwater or surface waters.
		The bottom of the landfill is lined with impermeable layers, and the leachate is collected and treated before being released to the environment.
		Leachate is produced when water filters downward through a landfill, picking up dissolved materials from the decomposing wastes.
	cwmi.css.cornell.edu /TrashGoesToSchool/Landfill.html (757 words)

	The Norman Landfill Environmental Research Site What Happens to the Waste in Landfills?
		Leachate seeping from a landfill contaminates the ground water beneath the landfill, and this contaminated ground water is known as a plume.
		A small stream and wetland overlie the leachate plume, and studies are in progress to determine the fate of leachate compounds that enter the wetland from the ground water.
		The natural attenuation capacity of the aquifer, that is, its ability to attenuate contaminants, is depleted in the center of the leachate plume because microorganisms have used all the electron acceptors during migration of the leachate plume.
	pubs.usgs.gov /fs/fs-040-03 (2489 words)

	N.C. Division of Waste Management - LEACHATE
		An analysis of the field capacity of the waste where leachate is to be applied, such that the gallons per unit area does not exceed the field capacity of the waste volume.
		A demonstration showing that the loading rate of the system due to leachate recirculation is within the design specifications and that the head on the liner does not exceed one foot for a long period of time.
		Should the owner/operator desire to continue the leachate recirculation on a more permanent basis, AND they have demonstrated competence in managing leachate recirculation in a manner that is protective of the public health and the environment, then they must request a modification to the operating permit as required by Rule.1617(c).
	www.wastenotnc.org /SWHOME/lrcg.html (823 words)

	Landfill Leachate Monitoring
		submersible transducers are used to monitor the depth of the leachate substance at the bottom of the landfill liner so that drainage pumps may be turned on and off.
		When the water level reaches a pre-set point, the pump turns on and pumps the leachate into a truck for transporting or directly into a holding tank or pond where it is treated, neutralized, and returned to a disposable condition.
		The wiring from both the leachate pump and the KPSI submersible transducer are wired into a control box at the surface of the landfill.
	www.psih.com /landfill_leachate.html (329 words)

	leachate treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Leachate is created as rainfall lands on an uncapped landfill and percolates through the wastes.
		The composition and quantity of leachate is subject to seasonal, and even daily, fluctuations which significantly impacts the design of leachate treatment plants.
		Leachate is collected from the bottom of modern landfills by a series of collection pipes installed into the base of the landfill.
	ewr.cee.vt.edu /environmental/teach/gwprimer/group10/leachate.htm (285 words)

	County Of Orange - Integrated Waste Management
		Leachate is a by-product of landfills formed by the decomposition of solid waste mixed with water.
		Leachate drains into pipes where it is pumped into ponds or tanks.
		Leachate percolates though this layer of washed gravel.
	www.oclandfills.com /landfill_anatomylong.asp (340 words)

	leachate tanks fire protection tanks water storage steel bolted tanks above ground storage tank glass-fused-to-steel ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The leachate tanks are to be numbered, the contents are to be clearly marked and all valves, accesses and openings are to be locked.
		The foul water leachate tanks didn’t have the capacity to contain the water from the fire brigade, which resulted in the tanks overflowing and the pollution of the surface water drainage system and the bay.
		Leachate is a noxious and poisonous liquid that is formed by rainwater percolating down through the thick layers of waste in a leachate tank.
	www.aquastore.com /EB822CST2_leachate_tanks/EB822CST2_index.html (609 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Landfills Work"
		Leachate can be pumped to the collection pond or flow to it by gravity, as it does in the North Wake County Landfill.
		The leachate in the pond is tested for acceptable levels of various chemicals (biological and chemical oxygen demands, organic chemicals, pH, calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfate and chloride) and allowed to settle.
		Leachate seepages are promptly repaired by excavating the area around the seepage and filling it with well-compacted soil to divert the flow of leachate back into the landfill.
	people.howstuffworks.com /landfill6.htm (1483 words)

	LIS > Administrative Code > 9VAC20-80-290 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		A separate estimate shall be submitted for anticipated leachate generation at the end of five-year increments of operation for 20 years, or until closure, whichever date is earlier.
		Leachate storage capacity may not be considered to include leachate that may have collected in or on the liner system.
		Leachate storage impoundments shall be equipped with a liner system that shall provide equal or greater protection of human health and the environment than that provided by the liner of the cells producing the leachate.
	leg1.state.va.us /cgi-bin/legp504.exe?000+reg+9VAC20-80-290 (497 words)

	Leachate treatment - Earthscan WMW Technologies and treatment
		Leachate is the liquor that is collected at the base of landfills after rainwater has entered the emplaced waste materials and leached out contaminants.
		Leachates can be classed as acetogenic or methanogenic depending on the state of degradation of the waste materials in the landfill.
		Regulators of landfilling practice in various countries often say that leachate generated from their landfills is peculiar to their country and different from that in others, and that known and practised techniques for treatment are not appropriate for their situation.
	www.earthscan.co.uk /news/article/mps/UAN/522/v/5/sp/336963484464702210484 (2959 words)

	IVHHN Leachate Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Note that the leachate concentrations for different volcanoes are derived using different methods and assume complete sampling of all the adsorbed ion mass.
		The unit for reporting leachate results of mg ion/kg ash is recommended as this allows comparison of adsorption between particle sizes, sample sites and volcanoes, and calculation of plume volatile masses where total erupted ash mass is known.
		Geochemistry of ash leachates from the 1993 Lascar eruption, northern Chile.
	www.esc.cam.ac.uk /ivhhn/guidelines/leachate/leachate.html (2942 words)

	Testing Leachate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		To realize what leachate is, where it comes from, and what its properties are.
		Leachate is liquid that may leak from a landfill.
		Leachate forms from a combination of liquids that are dumped, liquids that form through decomposition of wastes, and precipitation filtering through the wastes.
	cwmi.css.cornell.edu /TrashGoestoSchool/Testing.html (311 words)

	Options for Management of Leachate and Wastewater \| University of Miami (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Review the literature on technologies for leachate detoxification and treatment: Our working hypothesis is that chemical treatment is required for decomposition of toxic organics and removal of toxic metals.
		Leachate is a high strength organic waste (10,000 mg/L BOD5 or more, as compared with 220 mg/L BOD5 in raw sewage) potentially containing toxic refractories.
		In particular, CCA treated wood is projected to increase from 6% to 25-30% of the wood waste stream in Florida by 2020 due to disposal of aging structures.
	www.miami.edu /UMH/CDA/UMH_Main/1,1770,33858-1,00.html (650 words)

	Wood Processing Waste And The Environment
		When over-saturation occurs, leachate is released into the environment and can have an adverse impact on the ground water, nearby surface waters and aquatic life.
		Several of the chemicals in wood residue leachate are found at levels equal to or higher than that of raw municipal sewage.
		As such, wood residue leachate has the potential to harm the environment and as such cannot be discharged without proper treatment.
	www.ene.gov.on.ca /envision/land/woodwaste/woodwastefs.htm (1262 words)

	Will Leachate Flow Through Your Neighbourhood?
		Across the road from the Trail Road Landfill Facility, leachate has already moved beyond the west and south boundaries of the old Nepean dump and threatens to contaminate the ground water of nearby residential and farm land.
		Instead of trucking increasing volumes of leachate off the landfill site for treatment at the Robert O. Pickard Environmental Centre in Gloucester, the RMOC proposes building a pipeline to transport the leachate to a main entry point in the sewer system.
		The leachate will flow through the pipe, under a pressure of 50 to 80 psi, which is similar to the pressure in water distribution pipes.
	www.perc.ca /PEN/2000-04/isaacs.html (784 words)

	Organics - Leachate: some basic facts
		Leachate and landfill gas are usually both derived from a similar source: the decomposition of organic matter.
		Where it is planned to remove leachate from the body of the site and control the full leachate potential of the landfill in question it will be necessary to carry out a water balance study.
		The leachate flow rate will be based largely upon the extent of water inflow into the site and not biological activity, as is the case in respect to landfill gas.
	www.organics.com /Leachfacts.htm (613 words)

	Environmental Protection Agency
		During preliminary design activities associated with the selected remedy, it was determined that the construction of a leachate collection trench and cap at the Lower Landfill would present significant engineering difficulties due to the proximity of the adjacent wetland and railroad tracks.
		A leachate collection system installed below the water table, however, would have collected vast amounts of uncontaminated ground water and could have adversely impacted the adjacent wetland by dewatering a portion of it, unless hydraulic barriers were installed (which in itself could have adversely impacted the wetland).
		The installation of a leachate collection system and the construction of a pipeline to convey the collected leachate to a local sewage treatment plant was completed in January 1996.
	www.epa.gov /region02/superfund/npl/0202329c.htm (890 words)

	Locals build wetlands to treat leachate
		To comply with state law, the agency was treating the landfill's leachate by hauling it to area wastewater treatment plants.
		"The cost of hauling the leachate and treating it at an off-site facility was higher than [the cost of] the wetlands treatment system," says Mark Gray, a member of the MWA board of directors and a city council member from Ankeny.
		After the leachate has been treated in the wetlands cells, the effluent is sprayed onto 4.5 acres of constructed prairie.
	www.americancityandcounty.com /mag/government_locals_build_wetlands/index.html (549 words)

	Evaluation of Leachate Treatment and Recycle Options Using the Static Granular Bed Reactor
		The application of the SGBR to landfill leachate appears to be an excellent application due to the concentrated nature and low solids concentrations in leachate.
		Leachate recycle is expected to increase the useful life of the landfill, since the added biological activity within the landfill will cause a volume reduction of the organic constituents.
		In the third column, the leachate will be treated in the SGBR reactor and returned to the top of the landfill column (i.e., the second and third landfill columns will become landfill bioreactors).
	www.cce.iastate.edu /research/detail.cfm?projectID=1063988069 (378 words)

	Landfill leachate - the problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Treatment is often needed to reduce the ammonia level or the level of nitrates in the leachate.
		It is particularly effective with strong leachates and high flows, with an expected life of 15 to 20 years for a typical plant.
		Once the leachate flow data is available, the next step is to compare likely outflows with the current and future discharge standards - and the charges likely to be imposed by the relevant Agency.
	www.hytech-water.co.uk /leachate.htm (934 words)

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