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Topic: Leafcutter ant

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	Montshire Museum: Leafcutter Ants
		Leafcutter ants are the only insects in our hemisphere that grow their own gardens.
		Ants may be small, and much of their activity is hidden from our view, but without ants, in the words of entomologist E.O. Wilson, "The earth would rot." Ants help create soil and keep it fertile.
		Leafcutter ants, which thrive in central and South America, have practiced a form of agriculture millions of years before humans got the hang of it.
	www.montshire.net /minute/mm980921.html (720 words)

	Leafcutter Ants- Enchanted Learning Software
		Leafcutter ants are species of ants that are fungus farmers -- they cultivate (grow) their own food, a type of fungus, in underground gardens.
		Leafcutter ants travel in long lines far into the forest, in search of leaves; they leave a scent along the trail so they can find their way back home.
		The leafcutter ants carry the leaf pieces back to their underground nests where the leaves are chewed into a pulp.
	www.zoomschool.com /subjects/insects/ant/leafcutter.shtml (647 words)

	Ulrich Mueller Q&A
		In fact, leafcutter ants occur at surprisingly low levels in primary rainforest; it is only in disturbed areas (gaps created in the forest by falling trees; forest cleared by humans and allowed to regrow) that leafcutter ants thrive.
		Plant herbivores such as leafcutter ants have greatly accelerated the evolution of such chemical defenses; they have thus contributed indirectly to the evolution of the chemical diversity that is now tapped by pharmaceutical industry.
		Lastly, the ants have evolved "herbicidal" glands producing antifungal secretions that are harmful to alien fungi but not to the symbiotic fungi (note: the ants have evolved the use of "pesticides" millions of years before humans).
	www.pbs.org /safarchive/3_ask/archive/qna/3281_umueller.html (3033 words)

	Insecta Inspecta World - Leafcutting Ants
		Ants may very well compete with members of their own species, regardless of color.
		The true relatives of the ant are bees and wasps.
		The leaves the Leafcutting Ant carries to its nest are 30 times their weight, a feat equivalent to a human carrying a bulldozer.
	www.insecta-inspecta.com /ants/leafcutter/index.html (903 words)

	Texas Imported Fire Ant Research and Management Project
		Ants can be found in almost any type of turfgrass, and colonies can occur in lawns, parks, playgrounds, golf courses as well as agricultural land and wilderness areas.
		The Texas leafcutter ant clips parts of leaves from trees and shrubs, which they carry back into their colonies and use to culture a fungus which they eat.
		Several harvester ant species, such as the red harvester ant, produce nests in open, sunny areas that are flattened 1 meter diameter circular areas cleared of vegetation, covered with course gravel and with a one or a few central nest openings.
	fireant.tamu.edu /antfacts/impact.cfm (1181 words)

	Amazon Animals invertebrates - leafcutter ants photo
		Ants are the singlemost most numerous animals in the Amazon.
		In terms of ecology, the leafcutter ant is among the most important.
		When leafcutter ants are foraging, each worker ant cuts a neat section from a leaf, and then carries it like a trophy back to the nest.
	junglephotos.com /amazon/amanimals/aminvertebrates/leafcutterants.shtml (239 words)

	Leafcutter Ants
		When a segment is free of the leaf, the ant balances it in its mandibles, which look menacingly similar to the “Jaws of Life.” One can watch for hours and never see a slip-up, never see a botched cut, never see an ant lose its footing or its cargo flutter to the ground like confetti.
		After the ants cut a piece of leaf, they march to the upper-right chamber, a sort of staging area where they have built a hill of browse.
		The smallest ants are the minimas, who distribute the food and harvest the fungus.
	www.lpzoo.org /articles/features/Leafcutter_Ants/index.html (1016 words)

	bioegog template
		The harvester ants, or minimas, are the smallest of the family and are responsible for feeding the colony; by far these ants work the hardest (Hoyt 1996).
		Leafcutter ants are very specialized little creatures in that they have evolved with another organism (Jolivet 1996).
		The leafcutter ants are different from other ants by their growing of fungi underground, they have not been thought to be derived from another ant, but they resemble the harvester ant, Pheidole.
	bss.sfsu.edu /geog/bholzman/courses/fall99projects/lcants.htm (1642 words)

	Task partitioning during nest excavation in the leafcutter ant Atta mexicana
		Large numbers of ants carrying packed earth were exiting from the nest hole, climbing the growing half-mound, and then releasing their loads on the outward face of the structure.
		However, the authors also noted that there were several ants that deposited their burdens at the base of the inner face of the mound, before turning back and going into the nest (see figure 1, red arrow).
		The authors also noted some smaller minim ants on the outer surface of the growing mound who seemed to be wandering aimlessly and occasionally poking at the soil pellets dropped by their nestmates.
	www.blueboard.com /nfu/task_partitioning.htm (703 words)

	Rainforest Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A long line of ants stretches off through the forest, and the ants are carrying small circle-shaped pieces of green leaves, each about a half- inch (a little more than a centimeter) in diameter.
		Other ant species on BCI include the giant "bullet ants" with very poisonous stings, the tiny ants that love sugar and invade the kitchens, the thorn-dwelling acacia ants, the ants that build big homes out of what looks like concrete attached to tree trunks, the predatory army ants, and many others.
		The cavern is cleaned by the ants, and the remaining trash is thrown out on a trash heap outside the underground residence of the ants.
	www.csam.montclair.edu /ceterms/rainforest/RFC2002/RFC_029.html (1248 words)

	red ant - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Ant, common name for members of a family of about 11,000 species of insects that live in highly organized societies called colonies.
		Velvet Ant, common name for any of a family of wasps that look like large furry ants.
		Velvet ants are also known as cowkillers and mulekillers...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /red+ant.html (118 words)

	Homeowners Left Vulnerable to Leafcutter Ant Excavations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Leafcutter ants, however, can be a huge pain when it comes to your house's landscape and foundation.
		Merchant said that though the leafcutter ant has yet to become a widespread problem in the Dallas metroplex area, it has been a problem for homeowners in east, south and central Texas.
		Grant's Total Ant Killer and Amdro Ant Block are two baits similar to the old Amdro Green Label leafcutter ant bait.
	agnews.tamu.edu /dailynews/stories/ENTO/Mar2905a.htm (565 words)

	Ant - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Ant, common name for members of a family of social insects.
		All ants are social, which means they live in organized colonies.
		Hymenoptera (Greek, hymen, “membrane”; pteron, “wing”), order of insects containing more than 100,000 species, including ants, bees, wasps,...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Ant.html (136 words)

	leafcutter ants -- leafcutter ants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		However, ants also happen to be one of the most interesting and important animals in the forest as exemplified by two ant types: army ants and leafcutter ants.
		Leafcutter ants are a delicacy eaten by the upper class in Colombia, where they are sometimes compared to French truffles or Russian caviar in cachet.
		Leafcutter ant [Categories: Symbiosis, Ants] Leafcutter ants are conspicuous (Small air-breathing arthropod) insects found in warmer regions of (A workplace that serves as a telecommunications...
	www.dcants.com /leafcutterants_2 (3591 words)

	army ant - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Army ants create nomadic hunting colonies, many of which live entirely underground.
		One of the best known army ants is the Burchell’s army ant, found...
		Ant : Types of Ants : Army Ants and Driver Ants
	ca.encarta.msn.com /army+ant.html (127 words)

	Leafcutter Ant Short Form (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Leafcutter ants specialize in cutting little pieces of leaves from living trees They carry them inside their ground nest, create compost gardens from the rotting leaf bits and grow fungus on them to eat.
		There are about 40 species of leafcutter ants and they all grow their own food.
		All leafcutter ants live in Central and South America.
	www.globio.org /glossopedia/short/leafcutter_ant.htm (58 words)

	ScienceDaily: Homeowners Left Vulnerable To Leafcutter Ant Excavations
		Clemson Fire Ant Research Uses Biological Approach (December 21, 1998) -- In the ongoing war to control fire ants, a new, biological approach is being tested at Clemson University.
		Fire ant -- Fire ants are stinging ants of the genus Solenopsis.
		Ant -- Ants are one of the most successful groups of insects in the animal kingdom and are of particular interest because they are a social insect and form highly organized colonies or nests, often...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/04/050413095241.htm (1918 words)

	eNature: FieldGuides: Species Detail
		Description The Desert Leafcutter Ant is a member of the family Formicidae.
		Ants have a slender "waist," or pedicel, of 1 or 2 beadlike or scalelike segments between the thorax and abdomen.
		Ants live in colonies in underground tunnels or in galleries in dead wood.
	www.enature.com /fieldguides/detail.asp?recnum=IS0290 (233 words)

	[No title]
		After every ant command is executed, AntBuilder retrieves the ant properties that have changed since the last command and copies them to ruby instance variables.
		Any characters in the ant property that are not legal in a ruby instance variable are converted to underscores.
		Some Ant tasks are configured by text content rather than attributes, for example the "echo" task, the "mail" "message" attribute, and the "javadoc" "bottom" attribute.
	antbuilder.rubyforge.org (1157 words)

	Leaf Cutter Ants - How to Get Rid of Ants
		This ant is believed to cause a total yearly loss of $5 million in the United States (Mallis, 1960).
		The ants leave an invisible scent on the trails they use in order to find their way home.
		The by-products from the leaves, fungi and ant wastes fertilize the soil.
	www.pantrypest.com /leafcutter-ants.htm (727 words)

	Amazon.com: The EARTH DWELLERS: Adventures in the Land of Ants: Books: Erich Hoyt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		YA-A description of the life cycles of several species of ants found at La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica is combined with biographical sketches of myrmecologists William L. Brown of Cornell and Edward O. Wilson of Harvard (author of the classic The Ants).
		Readers are invited to identify with the leafcutter scout who eventually sacrifices her life in service of her queen, or the two enormous bullet ants who slowly wind up their tales after their colony is destroyed.
		One chapter explores several varieties of ant reproduction from the laying of the royal brood eggs to their care and feeding and finally the nuptial flights or, in the case of swarm raiders, colony division with workers adhering to a favored queen until only two factions are left.
	www.amazon.com /EARTH-DWELLERS-Adventures-Land-Ants/dp/0684830450 (2712 words)

	The Ant Farm's Reading Room
		Ants in Special Delivery: A colony of a rare species of ant has been returned to its home in Devon six years after it was rescued by Paignton Zoo.
		Ant Farm Simulator: Emulate ants ability to coordinate into the task of food-gathering, by mean of short-span individual reactions to environment events.
		Ant Bully: An upcoming movie (8/4/2006) about a boy who was shrunk down to an ant size and sentenced to hard labor in the ruins after flooding the colony.
	alpha.zimage.com /~ant/antfarm/read/read.html (5715 words)

	TropicalRainforest
		It is generally believed that if you weighed all the ants of the world, they would have about the same mass as all the humans put together.
		While ants as a whole will likely continue to dominate tropical ecosystems, there are new species constantly being discovered and some species remain extremely rare which makes them highly suseptible to habitat destruction.
		Leafcutter Ant is a page with general information about leafcutter ants.
	www.orecity.k12.or.us /ogden/BBBeck/TropicalRainforest.html (1989 words)

	ants -- ants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Ants (Formicidae) You might be surprised that ants belong to this group of flying insects.
		L-2061 House-infesting ants and their management Bastiaan M. Drees and Bil Summerlin Professor and Extension Entomologist; Technician II As a group, ants are the most difficult household pests to...
		Retired Robots The Ants: A Community of Microrobots The Ants are a community of cubic-inch microrobots at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab.
	www.daesants.com (3503 words)

	Evolution: Online Lessons for Students: Activity 3- Teacher Notes
		Students view a Web-based video clip of researchers studying leafcutter ants and discuss a model research proposal.
		Then they will create their own mini research proposal based on the leafcutter ant model.
		Remind students to use the leafcutter ant sample research proposal as a guide when they write their own mini-research proposals.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/evolution/educators/lessons/lesson1/act3notes.html (464 words)

	Guide to Leaf cutter or Leaf cutting Ant
		Leafcutter ants (Atta, Acromyrmex) represent the pinnacle of social and technological expression in ants.
		I've been studying leafcutters since 2001, and I invite you to contribute to our knowledge of these absolutely fascinating animals.
		DVD movie (length: 46 minutes) of Atta mexicana leafcutter ants taken during our trip to Puerto Vallarta and Nuevo Vallarta in Mexico in November/December of 2003.
	www.blueboard.com /leafcutters (156 words)

	Photo Gallery - Homeowners Left Vulnerable to Leafcutter Ant Excavations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The leafcutter ant may not look it, but she's a vegetarian.
		Occasionally, leafcutter ants may damage house foundations through their digging activities.
		An industrious leafcutter ant colony can strip a backyard landscape bare in an amazingly short time.
	agnews.tamu.edu /dailynews/stories/ENTO/photos/Mar2905a.htm (223 words)

	PLANTanswers - Category: garden land misc
		Your interest in leafcutter ants is commendable, and well justified due to the interesting biology of these ants.
		Occasionally you may see a leafcutter ant display in a museum, but these have been collected by entomologists in the field and carefully pampered to maintain the colony.
		I know the Smithsonian Institute (Museum of Natural History) has kept live leaf-cutter ants on display and undoubtably there is someone there who could tell you how to go about trying to start a colony.
	www.plantanswers.com /breakout/qa3272.html (156 words)

	leafcutters
		I wanted to put some of these images and observations on the CritterImages site and when I sat down to write a piece on the leafcutters, I ran across a magnificent web site called “The Lurker's Guide to Leafcutter Ants” by Alan San Juan.
		Here is the same busy ant a few minutes later as she has almost finished cutting through the stem
		There are several different castes within leafcutter society ranging in size from the smallest who feed the larvae and tend the fungus gardens to the "Sumo" soldiers who protect the colony from large threats such as armadillos and nosy photographers
	critterimages.com /leafcutters/leafcutters.htm (326 words)

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