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	League of the Three Emperors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Conservatives in the three countries were wary of the growing threat (as they perceived it) of liberalism and so created a league of nations that would protect their more conservative forms of government.
		The league was part of Otto von Bismark's grand foreign policy plan to keep France isolated and keep both the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Russian Empire on his side.
		The League of Three Emperors {Dreikaiserbund) disintegrated as a result of Russia's dissatisfaction with the Congress of Berlin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/League_of_the_Three_Emperors (313 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Three Emperors League - June 18, 1881
		This stipulation shall apply likewise to a war between one of the three Powers and Turkey, but only in the case where a previous agreement shall have been reached between the three Courts as to the results of this war.
		In order to facilitate the agreement contemplated by the present Article, an agreement of which it is impossible to foresee all the conditions, the three Courts from the present moment record in the Protocol annexed to this Treaty the points on which an understanding has already been established in principle.
		The three Powers agree in regarding the eventuality of an occupation either of Eastern Rumelia or of the Balkans as full of perils for the general peace.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/empleagu.htm (651 words)

	AllRefer.com - Three Emperors' League (Treaties And Alliances) - Encyclopedia
		Three Emperors' League, informal alliance among Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia, announced officially in 1872 on the occasion of the meeting of emperors Francis Joseph, William I, and Alexander II.
		The aims of the league were to preserve the social order of the conservative powers of Europe and to keep the peace between Austria-Hungary and Russia.
		However, it remained in force until 1887, when it was eclipsed by the German-Austrian alliance of 1879, which after the adherence of Italy (1882) became the Triple Alliance.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/ThreeEmp.html (297 words)

	nal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		One was the Three Emperors’ League, formed in 1873, which brought together Germany, Russia and Austria.
		Russia, in turn, sough reconciliation with Germany, and the Three Emperors’ League was renewed in 1881.
		The world’s three main aggressive imperialist powers were thus linked in mutually compatible goals that were opposed to everything that the western democracies had hoped to create at the Versailles Peace Conference.
	www.mysocialstudiesclass.com /2ndthirtyyearswarnotes.htm (11387 words)

	Triple Entente - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Though not a military alliance, the alignment of the three powers, supplemented by various agreements with Japan, the United States and Spain, constituted a powerful counterweight to the "Triple Alliance" of Imperial Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy, the latter having concluded an additional secret agreement with France effectively nullifying her alliance commitments.
		After the League's collapse during the Alexander von Battenberg affair, Bismarck tried to keep an alliance with Russia.
		After the outbreak of World War I in Europe in August 1914, the three Entente powers undertook in September 4 not to conclude a separate peace with Germany or Austria-Hungary.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Triple_Entente (432 words)

	AllRefer.com - Russia - Foreign Affairs after the Crimean War - The Rise of Revolutionary Movements \| Russian ...
		In 1873 Germany formed the loosely knit League of the Three Emperors with Russia and Austria-Hungary to preve nt them from forming an alliance with France.
		Three years later, Russia allied itself with France by entering into a joint military convention, which matched the dual alliance formed in 1879 by Germany and Austria-Hungary.
		This orientation became stronger three years later, when the group renamed itself the People's Will (Narodnaya volya), the name under which the radicals were responsible for the assassination of Alexander II in 1881.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/russia/russia25.html (1583 words)

	emperor
		An emperor continuously ruled over the eastern segment of the Roman Empire, which became known as the Byzantine Empire, until the 15th cent.
		Three Emperors' League - Three Emperors' League, informal alliance among Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia, announced...
		Ferdinand, emperor of Austria - Ferdinand, 1793–1875, emperor of Austria (1835–48), son and successor of Emperor...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0817279.html (298 words)

	Alliance System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The year 1881 was particularly favourable for the restoration of the League of the three conservative Emperors.
		According to the terms of the Second Three Emperors' League, Bulgaria was recognized as a Russian sphere of influence The Bulgarians were experiencing an awakening of national self consciousness and did not want to be dominated by the Russians.
		Firstly, Persia was divided into three parts: the north kept by Russia as her sphere of influence, the south kept by Britain, and the central was to remain under Persian control as a buffer zone.
	www.thecorner.org /wwi/alliance.htm (3092 words)

	Three Emperors' League -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		Diplomatic alignment of the empires of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia devised by Otto von Bismarck in 1872.
		After three successful wars, he saw his task as promoting peace and gaining time so that a powerful German Empire in the middle of Europe would come to be accepted as natural rather than as an interloper.
		Emperor Augustus was known for his peaceful tenure during a time of rampant upheaval.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9380676 (828 words)

	PlanetPapers - Was the Alliance System Responsible for the Outbreak of WWI?
		As a result, Britain started to distrust Germany and, after a visit of King Edward to France in 1903 he signed the Entente Cordiale with her, this meant that Britain was no longer isolated.
		Three years later Britain made a similar agreement with Russia, and now that the three countries were in understanding the Triple Entente was established.
		Austria-Hungary and Italy were both upset because of the victory of the Balkan League as they were totally opposed to Serbia having an Adriatic coastline and instead supported the establishment of an independent Albania.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/3267.php (1740 words)

	Szwedrowski Origins
		Francis Joseph was Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, having succeeded to the titles in 1848.
		The three boats of the Hamburg- American Packet Line which were sent to join the Moravia, which belongs to the same line, were the Normannia, the Rugia, and the Stubbenhuk.
		Three more cases developed on board the Rugia on the 6th as well as two more on the 7th.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /rcrandt/szwedrws.htm (10569 words)

	Three Emperors' League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Austerlitz: the battle of the two emperors: the greatest battle of Napoleon's career took place two hundred years ago, on December 2nd, 1805.
		Although it is often called the Battle of the Three Emperors, Michael Adams sees it as a very personal clash between two men struggling for the mastery of Europe.
		Holy Roman Empire, The: Chapter XI: The Emperors In Italy: Frederick Barbarossa.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0848607.html (376 words)

	ClickATutor Tutorials
		Scramble for Africa - 1875-1912; the term used to describe Europe's rush to colonize and divide up the African continent in the latter part of the nineteenth century; this coincided with imperialism throughout Asia; Germany was a late arrival to the imperial game and was handed a poor lot of colonies.
		Three Emperors' League - 1873; an alliance coordinated by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck between the three most conservative powers in Europe--Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia.
		Congress of Berlin - 1878; the peace conference concluding the First Balkan Crisis, in which Russia supported the nationalist revolt of Bosnia-Herzegovina against the Ottoman Empire; Bosnia and Herzegovina were turned over to Austria-Hungary and Russia pledged to abandon its support of Serbian nationalism--all in the name of the balance of power.
	www.clickatutor.com /BasePUB.asp?pid=8223 (423 words)

	MSN Encarta - Austria-Hungary
		It was established in 1867 under Francis Joseph I, the emperor of Austria and king of Hungary.
		The Habsburg monarch would be both the king of Hungary and the emperor of Austria.
		The three emperors were Francis Joseph, William I of Germany, and Alexander II (who died in 1881) and Alexander III of Russia.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761579967 (1445 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Three Emperors League, 18 June 1881
		Having secured the creation of a united German Empire following the successful outcome of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, Bismarck was keen to consolidate Germany's position via the construction of alliances with other major powers.
		In so doing Bismarck was acknowledging that France would remain a threat, one set upon avenging her humiliating defeat in ceding Alsace and Lorraine to Germany at the conclusion of the 1870-71 war.
		They agree to dissuade the Bulgarians from all aggression against the neighbouring provinces, particularly Macedonia; and to inform them that in such a case they will be acting at their own risk and peril.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/threeemperorsleague.htm (772 words)

	The Replacement Player - Germany in the Real World
		Bismarck's initial effort was the original Dreikaiserbund (Three Emperors' League), a general convention binding on no one, which called for consultations when situations arose.
		Historian A.J.P. Taylor has written that "The League of the Three Emperors was supposed to secure the peace of Europe.
		Wilhelm wanted the sort of power that the old emperors had and was unwilling to be restricted by a minor inconvenience like a constitution.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/DiplomacyWorld/mckee.htm (3632 words)

	CHAPTER XXV. - EASTERN AFFAIRS.
		Bismarck was able to offer to the Emperor Francis Joseph the sincere and cordial friendship of the powerful German Empire, on the condition that Austria should frankly accept the work of 1866 and 1870.
		Andrassy entered into communications with the Governments of St. Petersburg and Berlin as to the adoption of a common line of policy by the three Empires towards the Porte; and a scheme of reforms, intended to effect the pacification of the insurgent provinces, was drawn up by the three Ministers in concert with one another.
		As to the balance of three hundred million roubles left due to Russia, the mode of payment or guarantee was to be settled by an understanding between the two Governments, The Dobrudscha was to be given by the Czar to Roumania in exchange for Bessarabia, which this State was to transfer to Russia.
	www.globusz.com /ebooks/Europe/00000036.htm (8637 words)

	Alexander II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The League of Three Emperors: In 1872 Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of the new German Empire, managed to get the three Emperors of Russia, Austria and Germany to sign a agreement between the countries.
		The League of the Three Emperors though restricted the Russian ambitions for some time.
		The League was also undermined by the installation of Austria in Bosnia and Herzegovina against the local population’s will.
	www.macgregorishistory.com /ibsvenska/alexanderiishortpaper.htm (2311 words)

	From the Crimean War to the Congress of Berlin
		It is to the credit of Emperor Francis Joseph I, born in the Metternich era and confirmed on his throne by the victory of the forces of reaction over the revolution of 1848—1849, that he realized the necessity for a twofold change in his methods of government.
		Under their influence, on February 26, 1861, the emperor replaced the “October Diploma” of the preceding year by the “February Patent” drafted by a new minister of state, Anton von Schmerling, a representative of the German bureaucracy.
		There remained the conception of a parliament composed of delegates from the local diets, but the competence of the latter was greatly reduced in favor of the central organ, and the viceroys or governors of the individual lands were made completely independent of the diets and subordinate to the ministry in Vienna.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /wooton/34/halecki/18.htm (5976 words)

	Glossary
		DREIKAISERBUND: or League of Three Emperors of Germany, Austria, and Russia.
		The Emperor represented the former tradition of European unity under an authority appointed by the Pope.
		The League of Nations ordered sanctions on Italy after her attack upon Ethiopia in 1935.
	goldman-ths.com /glossary.htm (5906 words)

	League of the Three Emperors - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		League of the Three Emperors - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 10:22, 11 January 2006.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about League of the Three Emperors contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Dreikaiserbund (299 words)

	situations surrounding WW1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Russia becomes part of the Three Emperors League with Germany and Austria which lasts from 1873-1878 saying that the three were at peace.
		The Three Emperors League is basically a big pile of bs.
		The treaty that was signed between Austria and Germany (the Dual Alliance) becomes the Triple Alliance when Italy joins in.
	www.runet.edu:8800 /~gmontgom/_disc427/00000027.htm (360 words)

	Wickham Steed on Aehrenthal
		In him the Emperor Francis Joseph lost a faithful servant and the Monarchy a statesman whose qualities his fellow countrymen have since learned to appreciate at their true value.
		His programme was to resuscitate the old League of the Three Emperors for the defence of conservative and monarchical principles - but with its pivot at Vienna, not at Berlin.
		Austria-Hungary, or rather Aehrenthal, descried in the Anglo-Russian rapprochement an obstacle to his scheme of reviving the Three Emperors' League and a tendency dangerous to Austro-Hungarian policy in the Balkans.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~habsweb/sourcetexts/hwsaeh.htm (4784 words)

	Russia - Transformation of Russia in the Nineteenth Century
		In 1873 Germany formed the loosely knit League of the Three Emperors with Russia and Austria-Hungary to prevent them from forming an alliance with France.
		Russian nationalists were furious with Austria-Hungary and Germany for failing to back Russia, but the tsar accepted a revived and strengthened League of the Three Emperors as well as Austro-Hungarian hegemony in the western Balkans.
		In 1897 Jewish workers in Russia created the Bund (league or union), an organization that subsequently became popular in western Ukraine, Belorussia, Lithuania, and Russian Poland.
	countrystudies.us /russia/6.htm (4223 words)

	Berlin, Congress of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Greater Bulgaria, which had been created at San Stefano, was divided into N Bulgaria, a principality under nominal Ottoman suzerainty; Eastern Rumelia, to be governed, with certain autonomous rights, by a Christian appointee of the Ottoman emperor; and Macedonia (including Adrianople), under unrestricted Ottoman sovereignty.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina, original cause of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, were assigned to Austria-Hungary for administration and military occupation.
		Russia was antagonized by Bismarck’s handling of the conference, thereby bringing to an end the first Three Emperors’ League.
	www.bartleby.com /65/be/BerlinCong.html (348 words)

	HOW ENGLAND KEPT TURKEY'S EMPIRE ALIVE - The Cabinet of Curiousities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It would to-day be regarded as a perfect instance of a mistaken war, but English people were almost unanimous in demanding it, and the few men who opposed it, notably John Bright, ran the risk of violent treatment.
		It deserves to be remembered as the worst-managed British expedition of the last three centuries.
		Then in 1872 Bismarck went on from his triumph over France to form the famous Drei-Kaiserbund, or League of Three Emperors, between the Tsar, the new German Emperor, and his former enemy, the Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria.
	www.modern-industry.com /books/history-of-mankind/ch03s09s07.html (547 words)

	What Really Caused WW I ?
		A further indemnity of one billion dollars was also to be paid with in three years, and until all the money was paid, a German occupation force remained in France.
		In a political and military convention known as the Three Emperors League (May 1873) held in St. Petersburg Russia, Germany and Russia agreed to send 200,00 troops to the aid of the other if they were attacked by another European power.
		When Italy, feeling her own security threatened, gravitated towards the Three Emperors League, although she was determined to stay neutral at this time.
	computasaur.tripod.com /ww1/id10.html (1868 words)

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