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	Leaning tower - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A leaning tower is a tower which, due to errors in design or construction or to subsequent external influence, does not stand perpendicular to the ground.
		The tower of the Oude Kerk in Delft, the Netherlands
		The southeast tower of Caerphilly Castle in Wales
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leaning_tower (180 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa or simply La Torre di Pisa) is the campanile, or bell tower, of the Italian city of Pisa's cathedral.
		The height of the tower is 55.86 m from the ground on the lowest side and 56.70 m on the highest side.
		After the third floor was built in 1178, the tower acquired a lean, due to a mere three-meter foundation in weak, unstable subsoil.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leaning_Tower_of_Pisa (963 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa - MSN Encarta
		Leaning Tower of Pisa, the campanile, freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of Pisa, Italy.
		Begun in 1173, the eight-story round tower is 55 m (180 ft) tall and 16 m (52 ft) in diameter at the base.
		By the time the first three stories were completed, one side of the tower had already begun to sink into the soft soil, and construction was halted for nearly 100 years.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761580875/Leaning_Tower_of_Pisa.html (394 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa - tips by travel authority Howard Hillman
		And, the tower is part of a magnificent Romanesque architectural complex that includes the famous Baptistery and Cathedral of Pisa.
		The tilting of the structure is not new.
		From 1990 to 2004, the internal steps of Leaning Tower of Pisa were closed to the public, out of concern for both structure and visitors.
	www.hillmanwonders.com /leaning_tower_pisa/leaning_tower_pisa.htm (239 words)

	The Leaning Tower Of Pisa - Joe Tearpock
		The tower was simply meant to be a bell tower whose purpose was seemingly to show the greatness of the city of Pisa.
		The construction of the tower began back in 1173 and this can be verified by the fact that it is inscribed at the right of the door to the entrance of the monument.
		The tower was sinking between 30 and 40 cm and had an initial lean of 5cm.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/j/d/jdt169/LeaningTowerofPisa.htm (606 words)

	Leaning tower of Pisa, Pisa tower, History of leaning tower of Pisa
		This is because the uneven settling of its foundation.The height of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is 55 meters from the ground while its weight is estimated at 14,453 tons.
		Reflecting more on the history of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, it would be interesting to know that during World War II, the American forces were ordered to demolish all the towers in the city of Pisa because of the threat of snipers in the city.
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa may be leaning because of a blunder committed by 12th century engineers, but it is still one of the most famous structures known across the world and will always remains so.
	www.touritalynow.com /italy_articles/the_leaning_tower_of_pisa.php (524 words)

	ITALIA - Leaning Tower of Pisa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The reopening of the Leaning Tower of Pisa
		The reopening of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is scheduled for Saturday December 15, 2001.
		The Duomo, its massive Baptistery, and the Leaning Tower - all majestic, creamy marble structures - attest to the city's former glory and epitomize the Romanesque architecture of northern Italy.
	www.italiantourism.com /news02.html (366 words)

	Leaning Tower of Niles, Illinois
		The Leaning Tower is a perennial stop for Roadsiders in the Chicago area, and only 15 minutes northeast of O'Hare Intl.
		The Leaning Tower of Niles is, of course, a replica of Italy's Leaning Tower of Pisa.
		America's Leaning Tower was built in 1934 (600 years after the original), and for many years has stood in front of the Tower YMCA.
	www.roadsideamerica.com /attract/ILNILpisa.html (238 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa :: Piazza dei Miracoli, Pisa, Tuscany, Italy :: Glass Steel and Stone
		In fact, construction of the tower was interrupted because of wars in 1178 with Florence, 1185 with Florence again, and in 1284 with Genoa, It was during one of these breaks in construction that the tower's infamous tilt was discovered.
		The digging is intended to adjust the tilt of the Leaning Tower which had to be closed to the public because it was becoming dangerous.
		The inclination of the leaning tower of pisa was measured to roughly 5.5 degrees in the early 90s.
	www.glasssteelandstone.com /IT/PisaLeaningTower.html (1849 words)

	BBC News \| EUROPE \| Saving the Leaning Tower
		After 800 years in which the Leaning Tower of Pisa tilted steadily to the south, engineers have finally moved it back 45 centimetres (17 inches) and got it stable.
		Ten years ago, the tower's movement, of roughly 1 millimetre per year, had brought it to the brink of collapse and made it unsafe for tourists.
		By the time work finished on 6 June, 2001, the tower had been returned to the position it was in 1838, before work to dig a walkway round the base of the tower caused it to lurch rapidly further south.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/793432.stm (651 words)

	Pisa
		Galileo is presummed to have dropped different items off the top of the leaning tower to witness the affects of gravity and then it was back to his lab to try and understand and explain the results.
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the Campanile or bell tower for Pisa's cathedral, the Duomo di Pisa.
		The height of the tower is 55 metres from the ground.
	www.dakare.com /MedCruise/pisa.htm (468 words)

	Teachers' Domain: The Leaning Tower: Where It Stands Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		According to John Burland, the engineer in charge of the most recent effort to stabilize the tower, "The Tower of Pisa is notorious for springing surprises on those who try and stabilize it." However, stabilizing the tower was a risk that government officials and engineers had to take in order to save it.
		Although the Leaning Tower of Pisa's tilt has made it one of the most recognized structures in the world, the tower's designers never intended for it to lean at all.
		The still-leaning Tower of Pisa was reopened to the public in December 2001.
	www.teachersdomain.org /9-12/sci/engin/systems/leaningtower (604 words)

	LEANING TOWER OF PISA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/altavista.digital.com/result_front;kw=Pisa;ord=1818075904 The bell tower in the town of Pisais known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and is a popular tourist attraction.
		The Leaning Tower is cylindrical in shape, with eight arcaded stories, and leans about 10° (about 16 feet) from the vertical.
		The tower had to be closed to visitors beginning in 1990 because of concerns that it was structurally unstable.
	www.angelfire.com /ks/KDHSClubVoyage/pisa.html (110 words)

	ArchitectureWeek - News - Stabilizing the Leaning Tower - 2001.0711
		ArchitectureWeek - News - Stabilizing the Leaning Tower - 2001.0711
		On June 16 2001, the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy was officially reopened during a colorful ceremony that coincided with the feast of Saint Renieri, Pisa's patron saint.
		This procedure reduced the lean by 20 inches (50 centimeters) as measured in a horizontal plane at the seventh cornice.
	www.architectureweek.com /2001/0711/news_1-1.html (279 words)

	ItalyGuides.it: The Leaning Tower of Pisa - Pisa, Italy
		ItalyGuides.it: The Leaning Tower of Pisa - Pisa, Italy
		It was completed by Giovanni di Simone, Tommano Simone (son of Andreo Pisano), crowned the tower with the belfry at half of 14th century.
		The top of the Leaning Tower can be reached by mounting the 294 steps which rise in the form of a spiral on the inner side of the tower walls.
	www.italyguides.it /us/pisa/leaning_tower.htm (403 words)

	John Reynolds's Blog: Pondering Pisa
		You already know that the tower leans, but you may not be aware that the tower started leaning long before it was completed.
		Leaning was already evident by the time the base and 1st floor were finished.
		The tower was unwittingly built on the soft silt of a buried riverbed, and the foundation was only 13 feet deep.
	weblogs.java.net /blog/johnreynolds/archive/2005/06/pondering_pisa_1.html (1152 words)

	Piza's leaning tower is not leaning any more - Pravda.Ru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Leaning tower in Piza will be open for excursions, spokesmen for committee for saving the tower said.
		Piza tower had been closed for tourists for 11years because of the threat of destroying of the leaning construction.
		Today's incidence of the tower is the same, as it was at the end of 18th century, experts say.
	english.pravda.ru /accidents/2001/04/09/3395.html (411 words)

	SCIENCE ITALIAN STYLE: Fixing the Leaning Tower of Pisa
		The tower is the site of what may have been the first true scientific experiment, conducted by Galileo Galilei in the 16th century and repeated here by Frontiers host Alan Alda.
		As you've seen on Frontiers, engineers and scientists are on a mission to prevent the Leaning Tower of Pisa from toppling.
		Build a tower using only straws and modeling clay on a piece of heavy stock cardboard that serves as a base.
	www.pbs.org /safarchive/4_class/45_pguides/pguide_503/4553_pisa.html (403 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower at Pisa, Italy.
		Construction of the tower began in 1173 and ended between 1360 and 1370 (which means it's been around even longer than dad).
		Engineers hope to stabilize the tower's foundation and straighten it slightly to prevent it from eventually collapsing and falling over (and yes, it is indeed open for tourists!).
	www.spartechsoftware.com /reeko/ScienceTips/LeaningPisa.htm (238 words)

	Leaning Tower of Pisa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa stands in the Piazza dei Miracoli (Miracle Square) in the town of Pisa, Italy.
		It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.
		After the bell tower of the Cathedral of Pavia collapsed in 1989, the Consorzio Progetto Torre di Pisa (Tower of Pisa Project Consortium) commissioned engineers to stabilise the Leaning Tower.
	www.didyouknow.cd /pisa.htm (228 words)

	eTrav Pathways - Leaning Tower of Pisa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		When it was realized that the Tower was leaning a bit, construction was again halted and bells were installed on the third floor.
		The very top of the Tower is said to resemble a drum, but Americans might be reminded of the little Pillbox hats worn by the former First Lady, the late Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis.
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa is currently under construction to correct its famous lean.
	www.etrav.com /pathways/html/pisa.asp (508 words)

	Swerbo Solo Climbs the West Face of the Leaning Tower in Yosemite (Lots of Route Beta)
		The driving force behind the first ascent of the Leaning Tower was Warren Harding, a person who figured prominently in the development of big wall climbing during the golden years of Yosemite exploration.
		With 111 bolts installed and fixed ropes stretching from top-to-bottom, the ascent of the Leaning Tower was one of the first times such aggressive "siege-like" tactics were used to climb a big wall.
		Given the Leaning Tower's long history, and the fact that I could not find a climbing partner for the specific time-slot of September 10-13, 1999, I decided to follow in the footsteps of both Warren Harding and Royal Robbins by soloing the West Face route more than 35 years after its first ascent.
	www.swerbo.com /archives/leaningtower/leaning-tower.htm (9940 words)

	the leaning tower of pisa
		Although the tower is famous because it leans, it is an outstanding example of Romanesque architecture, and would probably be famous, even if it didn't lean.
		The tower is circular, and made up of eight floors of limestone and lime mortar, covered on the outside with marble.
		During the building of the next three floors, the lean was corrected by building the floors parallel to the ground, and not level with the leaning building.
	www.funsocialstudies.learninghaven.com /articles/leaningtower.htm (877 words)

	[Untitled - another view of the leaning tower of Pisa, 1944] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The leaning tower of Pisa as seen through an archway which shows the angle of the lean against the vertical archway.
		We assumed this was caused by rifle fire directed towards an observer who might have been using the tower to study the military situation.
		Yet there was never any evidence of the tower being used as a sniper post.
	www.smu.edu /digitallibrary/cul/gir/ww2/mcsc/italy/pages/mcs738it.htm (134 words)

	Failure Magazine-Archives-Science & Technology-Leaning Tower of Pisa
		The Tower of Pisa has been called "the world's most famous construction mistake" and "the world's longest-standing impending structural collapse." Yet it remains upright in spite of its age and precarious lean, not to mention the numerous invasive restoration projects it has endured.
		To begin with, the Tower of Pisa, as well as the other buildings in the so-called Campo dei Miracoli—the cathedral, the baptistery, and the Camposanto cemetery—are all built on what is essentially a former bog.
		The Tower was less at risk of cleanly falling over than of buckling at points where the pressure was greatest and the stone weakest.
	www.failuremag.com /arch_science_tower_of_pisa.html (1045 words)

	PISA - The Leaning Tower - PISA ---------------------------- LEANING TOWER CATHEDRAL BAPTISTERY
		PISA - The Leaning Tower - PISA ---------------------------- LEANING TOWER CATHEDRAL BAPTISTERY
		In 1284 the six stories of loggias were to all effects finished, bringing the height of the building to 48 m., and employing a technical expedient that was meant to diminish, at least optically, the effects of the inclination, accomplished by raising the galleries of the upper floors on that side.
		The tormented vicissitudes of the Tower did not, as one might expect, greatly worry those who were involved in the construction and completion.
	www.pisaonline.it /pisa/town/pagine/torre2.htm (404 words)

	No. 376: The Leaning Tower of Pisa
		In fact one failure, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, is a marvel to see.
		For another century the Tower sank and tilted -- to the north, to the east, and finally to the south.
		With the Tower now leaning almost 2 degrees to the south, work went ahead once more in 1373.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi376.htm (496 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| REGIONS > NCCA: Preserve leaning tower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		NCCA officials led by Director Melchor Pillones inspected the 85-year old leaning tower, which has tilted by some 20 inches in the past 25 years.
		According to local officials, the tower will be replaced with a basketball court and a parking lot for the water district.
		The NCCA engineers are conducting inspections of the tower and the compound before the NCCA issues a certificate that the tower is not in danger of collapsing.
	www.manilatimes.net /national/2005/apr/25/yehey/prov/20050425pro5.html (232 words)

	The Straight Dope: What was the Leaning Tower of Pisa for?
		A: "The bell tower [was] begun in 1174 as the third and final structure of [Pisa's] cathedral complex," the Encyclopaedia Britannica says.
		The Leaning Tower of Pisa is exhibit A. All of the Piazza dei Miracoli, the square in which the tower stands, is subsiding, but the spot under the LT seems particularly unstable.
		The tower began to lean while it was still under construction.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a4_002.html (882 words)

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