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Topic: Leap year

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	Why Leap Years?
		Between 1904 and 2096, leap years with same day of week for each date repeat every 28 years which means that the last time February had 5 Fridays was in 1980 and next time will be in 2036.
		A leap year is a year with one extra day inserted into February, the leap year is 366 days with 29 days in February as opposed to the normal 28 days.
		This means that year 1800, 1900, 2100, 2200, 2300 and 2500 are NOT leap years, while year 2000 and 2400 are leap years.
	www.timeanddate.com /date/leapyear.html (898 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Leap year starting on Monday
		A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical or seasonal year.
		Leap years (which keep the calendar in sync with the year) should not be confused with leap seconds (which keep clock time in sync with the day).
		Thus 1996 was a leap year whereas 1999 was not, and 1600, 2000 and 2400 are leap years but 1700, 1800, 1900 and 2100 are not.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leap-year-starting-on-Monday (407 words)

	CalendarHome.com - Leap year - Calendar Encyclopedia
		A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical or seasonal year.
		A year which is not a leap year is called a common year.
		Leap years (which keep the calendar in sync with the year) should not be confused with leap seconds (which keep clock time in sync with the day).
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /Leap_year.htm (1653 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Leap year starting on Tuesday
		The Romans were accustomed to divide the year into nundinæ, periods of eight days; and in their marble fasti, or calendars, of which numerous specimens remain, they used the first eight letters of the alphabet to mark the days of which each period was composed.
		The days of the year are sometimes designated letters A, B, C, D, E, F and G in a cycle of 7 as an aid for finding the day of week of a given calendar date and in calculating Easter.
		Hence leap years have two dominical letters: the first for January and February and the second for March to December.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leap-year-starting-on-Tuesday (388 words)

	WWU Planetarium - Leap Year Rules
		There is a leap year every year whose number is perfectly divisible by four - except for years which are both divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
		For example; the years 1600 and 2000 are leap years, but the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not.
		Leap years were therefore 45 BC, 42 BC, 39 BC, 36 BC, 33 BC, 30 BC, 27 BC, 24 BC, 21 BC, 18 BC, 15 BC, 12 BC, 9 BC, 8 AD, 12 AD, and every fourth year thereafter (Tøndering), until the Gregorian calendar was introduced (resulting in skipping three out of every four centuries).
	www.wwu.edu /depts/skywise/leapyear.html (623 words)

	LEAP YEAR - LEAP DAY @ February 29
		The calendar was reformed so that a leap day would occur in any year that is divisible by 4 but not divisible by 100 except when the year is divisible by 400.
		Rules of courtship are less stricter now than years ago when women who were hoping to marry their beaus had to wait for a proposal; they were not allowed to pop the question themselves...
		Leap Year is a year in which an extra day in added tothe calendar in order to synchronize it with the seasons.
	www.mystro.com /leap.htm (2111 words)

	History & info - Indian calendars
		Years are counted from the Saka Era; 1 Saka is considered to begin with the vernal equinox of C.E. The reformed Indian calendar began with Saka Era 1879, Caitra 1, which corresponds to C.E. 1957 March 22.
		In the latter case, the year is not a leap year unless the sum is also a multiple of 400.
		Each year during Kartik Purnima, which is the full moon in the Indian calendar month of Kartika, thousands of Rajputs lead their camels across the desert to the town of Pushkar for the annual camel fair.
	webexhibits.org /calendars/calendar-indian.html (1211 words)

	Chinese New Year 2007 is Year of Pig or DingHai - 2006 is Year of Dog. 2005 is Year of 2004 is Year of Monkey. 2003 is ...
		2007 is the Year of the Pig (boar)
		Each year is also designated by one of the 12 Animals For instance, 2005 is Year of Rooster; 2006 is Year of Dog; and 2007 is the Year of Pig.
		Since this is the Year of the Pig, any one who was born in the Year of the Pig is now either 0 or 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 or 96 years old.
	www.chinapage.com /newyear.html (985 words)

	History & info - various calendars used by smaller groups
		The Coptic Leap Year follows the same rules as the Gregorian so that the extra month always has 6 days in a Gregorian Leap Year.
		Since the Persian year is defined by the astronomical vernal equinox, the answer is simply: Leap years are years in which there are 366 days between two Persian new year's days.
		If you number the years within each cycle starting with 0, then leap years are the years that are divisible by 4, except that the year 0 is not a leap year.
	webexhibits.org /calendars/calendar-other.html (1448 words)

	History & info - the Christian calendar (Julian)
		However, the 4-year rule was not followed in the first years after the introduction of the Julian calendar in 45 B.C.E. Due to a counting error, every 3rd year was a leap year in the first years of this calendar's existence.
		It is a curious fact that although the method of reckoning years after the (official) birthyear of Christ was not introduced until the 6th century, by some stroke of luck the Julian leap years coincide with years of our Lord that are divisible by 4.
		The Indiction was used in the middle ages to specify the position of a year in a 15 year taxation cycle.
	webexhibits.org /calendars/calendar-christian.html (2203 words)

	History & info - the Jewish calendar
		Note that in a regular year the numbers 30 and 29 alternate; a complete year is created by adding a day to Heshvan, whereas a deficient year is created by removing a day from Kislev.
		The new year starts on the day of the new moon that occurs about 354 days (or 384 days if the previous year was a leap year) after 1 Tishri of the previous year.
		Years are counted since the creation of the world, which is assumed to have taken place in the autumn of 3760 B.C.E. In that year, after less than a week belonging to AM 1, AM 2 started (AM = Anno Mundi = year of the world).
	webexhibits.org /calendars/calendar-jewish.html (957 words)

	Leap Year 101
		Leap years are added to the calendar to keep it working properly.
		Most years that can be divided evenly by 4 are leap years.
		So in addition to the rule that a leap year occurs every four years, a new rule was added: a century year is not a leap year unless it is evenly divisible by 400.
	www.factmonster.com /spot/leapyear2.html (710 words)

	Leap-year - LoveToKnow 1911
		These hours were set aside and at the end of four years made a day which was added to the fourth year.
		The English name for the bissextile year is an allusion to the result of the interposition of the extra day; for after the 29th of February a date "leaps over" the day of the week on which it would fall in ordinary years.
		Thus a birthday on the 10th of June, a Monday, will in the next year, if a leap-year, be on the 10th of June,' a Wednesday.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Leap-year (153 words)

	Leap Year
		A year is a leap year if it is divisible by four, but century years are not leap years unless they are divisible by 400.
		So, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 were not leap years, but the year 2000, as of course you now know, was a leap year.
		If we didn't have leap years, the seasons would shift about a quarter of a day every year, and after 100 years the seasons would be off by 25 days.
	www.derylmitchell.com /id158.html (1201 words)

	Leap Year -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Astronomy
		A leap year is a year in which an extra day is added to the calendar in order to synchronize it with the seasons.
		In a leap year, the extra day (known as a leap day) is added at the end of February, giving it 29 instead of the usual 28 days.
		The complete list of leap years in the first half of the 21st century is therefore 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020, 2024, 2028, 2032, 2036, 2040, 2044, and 2048.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /astronomy/LeapYear.html (413 words)

	Leap Years (Site not responding. Last check: )
		According to the Gregorian calendar, which is the civil calendar in use today, years evenly divisible by 4 are leap years, with the exception of centurial years that are not evenly divisible by 400.
		Therefore, the years 1700, 1800, 1900 and 2100 are not leap years, but 1600, 2000, and 2400 are leap years.
		The Gregorian calendar year is intended to be of the same length as the cycle of the seasons.
	aa.usno.navy.mil /faq/docs/leap_years.html (373 words)

	Solar Calendar Leap Rule Studies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Since the drift rate of an every-5-years leap cycle is about twice as fast as that of an every-6-years leap cycle, in terms of the number of years per day of drift, for the present era all appropriate mixes must employ a approximately twice as many 6-year intervals as 5-year intervals.
		For fixed arithmetic leap cycles, the average interval between leap years is the number of years per leap cycle divided by the number of leap years per cycle.
		Astronomical leap rules (actual, mean, or approximation) also employ a mix of 6- and 5-year intervals between leap weeks, but that mixture varies over the years, so it is not possible group their leap year intervals into simple repeating patterns.
	individual.utoronto.ca /kalendis/leap/index.htm (6178 words)

	NIST Time and Frequency FAQ
		Leap years are years with 366 days, instead of the usual 365.
		Leap years are necessary because the actual length of a year is 365.242 days, not 365 days, as commonly stated.
		Leap seconds are needed so that users of the astronomical time scale (UT1) can use UTC and know that the difference between the two time scales is never greater than 0.9 seconds.
	tf.nist.gov /general/leaps.htm (497 words)

	Martha Talks Back: Reader Questions Answered - MSN Encarta
		If we didn't have leap years, which are part of the Gregorian calendar that we follow, we'd get six hours behind every year.
		That is, we have a leap year every four years, except those when a new century starts that is not a multiple of 400.
		This is why 2000 was a leap year, for example, but 1900, 1800, and 1700 were not.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/features/Columns/?Article=questionleapyear (984 words)

	Catholic Calendar Leap Year Page
		At the same time, he brought the calendar year back in step with the solar year by eliminating 10 days from the year 1582 (October 4 was followed by October 15) and by decreeing that the vernal equinox would occur on March 21.
		The new formula for leap years is that a year is a leap year if it is evenly divisible by 4 and is not evenly divisible by 100, or is evenly divisible by 400.
		Because the calendar year average is longer than the solar year, the current calendar still gains time against the solar year, but at a rate of only 0.0003 days a year (26 seconds).
	www.easterbrooks.com /personal/calendar/leapyear.html (1603 words)

	Is year 2000 a leap year? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In general, a year is a leap year if it is evenly divisible by 4.
		So years like 1972, 1980, and 1996 are leap years, but 1800 and 1900 are not.
		Although the Leap Year 2000 bug is not technically the same as the Y2K bug, it is many times lumped together Y2K bug because it occurs so close to Jan. 1, 2000.
	www.computerbytesman.com /dl/leap2000.htm (291 words)

	CNN - Now for the other Y2K problem: It's a leap year - March 5, 1999
		Next year is a leap year, a calendar phenomenon that historically has driven computer systems nuts if they fail to account for the extra day, Feb. 29.
		The last leap year, 1996, saw numerous snafus, including a New Zealand aluminum smelter that literally had a meltdown when the computers shut off; they weren't programmed to handle a 366th day.
		The confusion arises because the rules for determining leap years are more complicated than the "every four years" rule taught in grade school.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/computing/9903/05/leapyr.y2k.idg (781 words)

	Leap Year / Leap Day
		Leap Year occurs every four years, except for years ending in 00, in which case only if the year is divisible by 400.
		Leap year, consisting of 366 days, and happening every fourth year, by the addition of a day in the month of February, which in that year consists of twenty-nine days.
		The re appears to be a logical disconnect in the use of the term "leap second" and linking it to the term "leap year." The additon of an extra day to the calendar once in a four years defines a leap year, not a leap day, week or month.
	www.emailman.com /leapday (876 words)

	Leap Year \| Today's issues \| Guardian Unlimited
		While having a calendar based on 365 days gets it roughly right but the inaccuracy over time would eventually mean the seasons would slip and before you knew it, people of the future would soon be having their spring in the winter and their winter in the autumn and so on.
		That it is a leap year is divisible by four, unless it is divisible by 100 however not by 400.
		The calendar basically worked on a 400-year cycle, and the cancelled leap year that is brought back every four centuries, gets the adjusted average to just 0.0001 days more than the interval between vernal equinoxes.
	www.guardian.co.uk /netnotes/article/0,6729,1157937,00.html (764 words)

	Leap Year
		By the year 46 B.C. the Roman festivals had got out of line with the seasons of the year, so Caesar's first act was to prolong the year [that particular year] to a total of 445 days.
		Even so, the extra leap year didn't quite allow for the awkward fraction, since the so called Julian year was some 11 minutes 14 seconds longer than the natural year.
		In 1582, he ruled that centurial years (those ending with double zeros) should be an exception to the normal leap year rule, that years divisible by four have the extra day.
	www.corkscrew-balloon.com /travel/9812paris/leap.html (687 words)

	leap year : Java Glossary
		The Greek Orthodox church drops the 400 rule and in its place uses a rule that any year that when divided by 900 gives a remainder of either 200 or 600 is a leap year.
		Leap seconds are added on average every 3 out of 4 years to correct for the ever lengthening day.
		When you consider the effects of leap seconds, this scheme is bang on, within the limits of the varying length of an astronomical year.
	mindprod.com /jgloss/leapyear.html (822 words)

	Peter Cameron
		It is 1988, just two years away from "the decade of friendship," and there is still time on the clock for all the greed and need of the 80s to wreak havoc on the lives of this ensemble cast of distressed but endearing New Yorkers.
		Peter Cameron's Leap Year is a comic valentine to a frenzied era, serving up the lusts and laments of an entire generation with great wit and affection.
		With its large and lively cast of gay and straight characters, Leap Year is a comic satire with the same appeal as Armistad Maupin's Tales of the City novels.
	www.queertheory.com /histories/c/cameron_peter.htm (996 words)

	A Calendar for Use in Genelogical Research (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Change leap year selection so that not all years ending in "00" are leap years.
		The change in the number frequency of leap years (by dropping 3 every 400 years) slightly changes the average year length to something closer to reality.
		The additional day came because the old and new calendars disagreed on whether 1700 was a leap year, so the Julian calendar had to be adjusted by one more day.
	www.chrishobbs.com /gencalendar.htm (281 words)

	Leap Year Gifts
		Every year she bravely weathered the storm of comments that always included: "When do you celebrate?", "What's it like not to have a REAL birthday?", "That's soooo sad", (and from guys in bars) "So if we got together, I'd be dating a four year old [wink][wink][nudge]nudge]"...
		She was good-natured about it, but I do believe that was because she was so good at gritting her teeth while smiling pleasantly.
		Now "leap year babies" (those born on February 29th, NOT those born on any other day of a leap year) are celebrating their unique status and those who love them try to find "leap year merchandise" to help them celebrate.
	www.shoppingbrains.com /brainsblog/leap_year_gifts.html (368 words)

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