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Topic: Least developed countries

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	Least Developed Countries - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are countries which according to the United Nations exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world.
		Least developed countries generally suffer conditions of extreme poverty, ongoing and widespread conflict (including civil war or ethnic clashes), extensive political corruption, and lack political and social stability.
		The socioeconomic and political status of least developed countries is typically a result of the lasting legacies of colonialism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Least_developed_countries (448 words)

	Developing country - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The application of the term 'developing country' to all of the world's least developed countries could be considered inappropriate: a number of poor countries are not improving their economic situation (as the term implies), but have experienced prolonged periods of economic decline.
		Developing countries are in general countries which have not achieved a significant degree of industrialization relative to their populations, and which have a low standard of living.
		That is, LLDCs are the poorest subset of LDCs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Developing_nation (1150 words)

	PART IV: ISSUES RELATED TO LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
		LDCs should also demand that the specific measures taken in pursuance of this part of the GATT are regularly and rigorously monitored by the relevant body of the WTO.
		Moreover, the more developing country members of WTO there are, the better their chance of influencing the content of the agenda, assuming, of course, that they participate actively and collaborate on issues of common interest.
		Developed countries often pressure the applicant developing countries into foregoing some of the concessions that presently exist for developing countries and/or into offering concessions in areas not covered by universally applicable WTO agreements, such as, for example, in government procurement or in relation to the Information Technology Agreement.
	www.southcentre.org /publications/wto/wtopaper-06.htm (1317 words)

	A/RES/50/103. Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the 1990s
		I. The challenges facing LDCs in the second half of the 1990s are to reverse the decline in economic and social conditions, to promote sustainable economic growth, development and structural transformation and to avoid becoming further marginalized in the international economy.
		Least developed countries should strengthen subregional, regional and interregional cooperation in order to benefit from economies of scale and to attract foreign direct investment more easily from developed and other developing countries.
		The extremely low export capacity of LDCs, their very low level of export receipts, and the fluctuation and the resulting sharp limitation on their capacity to import, are the major structural constraints to developing LDC trade.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/resolutions/50/103GA1995.html (6734 words)

	Least Developed Countries and the WTO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Of all countries, the least developed countries (LDCs) are the most handicapped in their participation in the WTO.
		Lack of financial resources and skilled personnel means that individual least developed countries cannot maintain anywhere near the requisite level of knowledgeable personnel in Geneva to follow discussions and participate in negotiations.
		This decision was taken at a meeting of least developed countries (21-25 June in South Africa) which prepared a comprehensive set of proposals (67 in all) aimed at furthering their integration into the multilateral trading system in a manner which would benefit them.
	www.southcentre.org /southletter/sl34/sl34-02.htm (463 words)

	Getting Ready for the Millennium Round Trade Negotiations -- Least Developed Countries' Perspective, by Eugenio ...
		For agriculture, developing countries are allowed to reduce domestic support by two-thirds of the level required for other WTO members and to implement the commitments in a period of 10 years instead of 6.
		Developing countries are allowed smaller cuts in their budgetary outlays for export subsidies and more time to make these adjustments.
		Regarding market access, developing countries are supposed to receive larger concessions for their exports, are allowed lower levels of minimal access for products that are a staple in their diet, and can spread adjustment over a longer time frame.
	www.ifpri.org /2020/focus/focus01/focus01_08.htm (1610 words)

	DRPAD - Least Developed Countries
		Some of the least developed countries, as in the case of Bangladesh, are relatively large and densely populated, while others, like those in the Pacific, are small, remote and extremely vulnerable.
		During this meeting, participants from least developed countries and their development partners suggested a number of practical measures which could be undertaken both by least developed countries themselves and by the international community to address these issues.
		While least developed countries of the region as a whole have made significant progress in several economic and social fronts during the past decade, such progress has been uneven.
	www.unescap.org /drpad/publication/ldc/ldc1.htm (937 words)

	Least Developed Countries
		In this regard, it is regrettable that only four developed countries have thus far reached or surpassed this target and that overall, ODA to this group of countries declined by a phenomenal 23% since the beginning of the 1990s.
		With regard to the external indebtedness of LDCs, it is a matter of concern that it continues to be an inordinate claim on the meager budgetary resources for the development of LDCs.
		One of the problems identified in the implementation of the Programme of Action for the LDCs for the 1990s was the tenuous linkage between the global programme of action and the priorities and commitments thereto to the development planning and cooperation arrangements at the country level.
	www.g77.org /Speeches/072400.html (1577 words)

	Paris Declaration for the Least Developed Countries for the 1990s (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		National governments, donor countries and multilateral agencies are invest-ing in development projects the objectives of which are to enhance the status of women and to improve their level of participation in the development process.
		The human and social measures of development as reflected in educational, health and demographic variables, as well as the status of women, show that the African LDCs are faced with a formidable task of improving the living conditions of their people.
		The majority of the African LDCs are the poorest in the developing world and their critical resource situation and severe debt burden deserve special discriminatory treatment by multilateral financial bodies as well as the regional development financing and banking institutions.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /ECA/ECA_Pris15x.html (16293 words)

	Least Developed Countries’ Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Developing countries are far from being homogeneous, a fact which is self-evident but often forgotten.
		The program focuses on assisting Least Developed Countries’ governments to put in place policies for using the intellectual property system to their best advantage by developing and strengthening the creative potential and inventive capacity of their people.
		The program also formulates and promotes development assistance activities and projects commensurate with the needs and priorities set by individual Least Developed Countries, carrying out studies, research and other activities and provide advisory services to governments.
	www.wipo.int /ldcs/en (163 words)

	WTO \| NEWS - WIPO and WTO launch new initiative to help world's poorest countries - Press 231
		It is also similar to a joint WIPO-WTO project launched in 1998 to help all developing countries, particularly those that are not least developed, which had to comply with the TRIPS Agreement by 2000.
		Of the 49 countries defined by the UN as least developed, 30 are members of the WTO (another six are negotiating WTO membership) and 41 are members of WIPO.
		Under the TRIPS Agreement, developed countries had to comply with its provisions by 1 January 1996; developing countries were given an extra four years, until 1 January 2000; least-developed countries are required to comply by 1 January 2006 (with the possibility of an extension).
	www.wto.org /english/news_e/pres01_e/pr231_e.htm (834 words)

	UNESCO and Least Developed Countries
		To consider the formulation and adoption of appropriate national and international policies and measures for sustainable development of the least developed countries and their progressive integration into the world economy.
		This Programme of Action is based on the international development targets, actions by LDCs and commensurate support measures by their development partners, and on the values, principles and objectives of the Millennium Declaration.
		To that end, LDCs, with the support of their development partners, will strive to attain a GDP growth rate of at least 7 per cent per annum and increase the ratio of investment to GDP to 25 per cent per annum.
	www.unesco.org /ldc/ldciii.htm (505 words)

	Poverty is Worsening in African LDCs - Global Policy Forum - Social and Economic Policy
		Compared with least developed countries in other parts of the world, poverty in African LDCs is rising markedly, says the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
		These countries are connected to the global economy in a complex web of dependent trade and financial ties with the developed countries.
		The report points out that for many LDCs, however, the desired benefits of a thriving tourism industry are undermined by financial "leakage." This occurs through the repatriation of profits to the investor's country of origin, remittances sent abroad by foreign workers, and the import of goods and services necessary for the industry.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/develop/africa/2002/09ldcs.htm (977 words)

	FAQ: THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES WATCH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		LDCs account for 32 of the 35 countries in the lowest category of the Human Development Index, and reports indicate that 15% of children born in LDCs do not survive to their fifth birthday.
		LDC Watch is an alliance of well-established regional or national organisations based in Least Developed Countries, and includes support from development partner organisations.
		LDC Watch acts as a coordinating group for LDC civil society activities, particularly in relation to the key issues of trade, debt, foreign investment, human rights, good governance and the end to conflict.
	www.rrn.org.np /ldc_watch_faq.htm (570 words)

	UNCTAD.ORG >> Least Developed Countries
		UNCTAD played a leading role in organizing the three United Nations Conferences on the Least Developed Countries (Paris, 1981 and 1990; Brussels, 2001).
		It is guided by the objectives of the Programme of Action for the LDCs for the period 2001-2010 and by other intergovernmental decisions such as those of the General Assembly concerning these countries.
		The Special Programme is striving to be a centre of excellence on development issues pertaining to the groups of countries under its mandate and to serve as the main source of statistical information on the LDCs.
	www.unctad.org /Templates/Countries.asp?intItemID=1676&lang=1 (119 words)

	INTUG - Least developed countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Developments have been based on high levels of spending by individuals for the purchase of computer hardware, software and also on services, training, on-line costs and e-commerce.
		Even the wealthiest countries are choosing to take action to address their domestic digital divides, for example, in ensuring residential broadband access.
		The potential for economic growth is considerable, not least through the unleashing of the immense resources of intellectual capital which today cannot connect to the digital economy.
	www.intug.net /views/ldc.html (2823 words)

	Least Developed Countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To listen to some Annex 1 countries you might think that CDM cured cancer: technology transfer, capacity building and all sorts of amazing things are supposed to come through the wonderful CDM.
		There is no country that cannot host and benefit from these kinds of investments, so this is the one approach that gives a serious chance of making the CDM available widely to the LDCs.
		If the CDM is really going to be a tool for sustainable development where it is most needed, Annex 1 and G77 countries alike need to make this a key feature of the outcome of COP6.
	www.climatenetwork.org /eco/6.1100.ldc.html (249 words)

	WTO \| Understanding the WTO - least-developed countries
		The WTO recognizes as least-developed countries (LDCs) those countries which have been designated as such by the United Nations.
		Eight additional least-developed countries are in the process of accession to the WTO.
		Developing countries in the WTO are designated on the basis of self-selection although this is not necessarily automatically accepted in all WTO bodies.
	www.wto.org /english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org7_e.htm (145 words)

	List of least developed countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The least developed countries (LDCs) are a group of countries that have been identified by the UN as "least developed" in terms of their low gross national income (GNI), their weak human assets and their high degree of economic vulnerability.
		Categories of development of countries in the world today.
		A list of world countries and regions in comparison of their gross national income based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita in int'l Dollars.
	www.nationsonline.org /oneworld/least_developed_countries.htm (259 words)

	Least Developed Countries
		We fully stand behind the efforts of the least developed countries and the international community to enable LDCs to overcome the structural constraints which they face and in their efforts to achieve a growth-oriented transformation of their economies.
		The Group of 77 notes with deep concern that the retrogression in the economic and social performance of the majority of the least developed countries deepened in the 1990s.
		It also provided for the free movement of natural persons, in which developing countries have comparative advantage in the global economy, and called for enhancing the role of multilateral institutions in addressing the economic and social development priorities of our countries.
	www.g77.org /Speeches/072100.html (950 words)

	Least Developed Countries website
		In 1981, ten years after the establishment of the "Least Developed Country" status, the United Nations held the first United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries (Paris, 1-14 September 1981).
		This conference adopted the "Substantial New Programme of Action for the 1980s for the Least Developed Countries", which contained guidelines for relevant action by the LDCs and for further support to these countries by the international community.
		The benefits relevant to the Least Developed Countries status demonstrate special efforts by the international community in favour of the LDCs.
	r0.unctad.org /ldcs/treatment (259 words)

	UNCTAD.ORG >> Special Programme on LDCs, LLDCs and SIDS
		The Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Land-locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are recognized by the United Nations as categories that face special problems and accordingly need special attention from the international community.
		UNCTAD´s Special Programme helps these countries to derive the greatest possible benefits from this recognition, in particular, to make the most effective use of the special international support measures that are extended to them with a view to reducing their marginalization from the global economy.
		After several rounds of negotiations under the auspices of UNCTAD, representatives from China, Mongolia and Russia concluded the drafting of a Transit Traffic Agreement (PDF) between the three countries at their Seventh Negotiating Meeting on 18 November 2005.
	www.unctad.org /ldcs (284 words)

	EU@UN - Poverty fight in least developed countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is a call on all developed countries to do more, to do better, and to think about the long-term global consequences of our policies." The European Union (EU) will reaffirm its strong commitment to poverty reduction and to addressing the specific problems of the LDCs.
		In 1997 the UN General Assembly decided to convene the 3rd UN Conference on the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to reverse the deterioration in their socio-economic situation and to revitalize their growth and development.
		Furthermore, EC delegations in LDCs have contributed to the formulation of country-specific programmes of action for each LDC as a basis for establishing the global programme of action to be adopted at the Conference.
	www.europa-eu-un.org /articles/cs/article_126_cs.htm (1004 words)

	Third United Nation Conference on Least Developed Countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is mirrored in the rising number of Least Developed Countries (LDCs), a category of countries officially recognised by the United Nations as being especially disadvantaged.
		By hosting the third UN Conference on LDCs, the EU is demonstrating yet again the Union's commitment to LDCs.
		The European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid, Poul Nielson, summed up policy objectives quite simply: "The European Community is ready to bear its share of global responsibility to improve the plight of developing countries." The EC is inviting the rest of the world to do likewise.
	europa.eu.int /comm/world/ldciii/ldciii.htm (390 words)

	International Trade Forum - The quarterly magazine of the International Trade Centre: Overview
		Over a period when the world economy has generally been growing and diversifying, the share of least developed countries (LDCs) in world trade has shrunk to the present 0.4%, down from 0.7% in 1985.
		Often, LDCs’ policies are not supportive of trade, nor is trade integrated in their overall development strategies.
		LDCs lack trade support services in key areas such as trade financing, quality management, trade information and marketing, which can help firms compete in the international marketplace.
	www.tradeforum.org /news/categoryfront.php/id/437/Least_Developed_Countries.html (542 words)

	Least developed countries strive to overcome differences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Officials of 38 of the world's least-developed countries held a second day of talks here on Sunday to overcome differences and thrash out a common agenda ahead of a WTO meeting.
		The three-day meeting, in which 23 countries are represented at the ministerial level, will end on Monday with a 'Dhaka Declaration' in the presence of Bangladeshi prime minister Khaleda Zia.
		According to meeting sources, the declaration was likely to call for a "binding commitment" by developed countries to grant access free of duty and restrictions to certain products from least-developed countries on a secure and long-term basis.
	www.fncci.org /wto/press/2003/June02.html (307 words)

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