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Topic: Left Communists

	Left communism
		Left Communism is a description of a range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political positions of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses.
		The Italian Left Communists were the tendency which named Left Communism at a later stage in their development, but when the Communist Party of Italy was founded they were actually the majority of Communists in that country.
		The Kronstadt Rebellion was also characterised as left communist by the Bolshevik leaders of the time, conducted as it was by sailors who moved from being fervent supporters of the revolution to opponents of its slow, and in their view compromised, progress.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/l/le/left_communism.html (3375 words)

	Left-Wing Communism Subject Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Council Communists tended to believe that Stalinism was the inevitable outcome of a Revolution in which a centralist political party held power, and their criticism of Lenin and Trotsky sometimes echoed the earlier criticisms of Rosa Luxemburg.
		Left Communists have tended to reject participation in Parliament by revolutionaries, even declaring that the workers have “gone beyond” as well as holding that such participation inevitably corrupted the representatives of workers put into Parliament.
		Left Communists have also tended to hold that revolutionaries should not participate in “yellow” or conservative trade unions; this policy was actually implemented by the Comintern in the late-1920s/early-1930s when separate “Red” unions were set up.
	www.marxists.org /subject/left-wing/index.htm (1311 words)

	What was the USSR? Towards a Theory of the Deformation of Value Part III: Left Communism and the Russian Revolution
		Considering that, for many left communists, their critique of the New Course, and the consequent accusation of state capitalism, was based mainly on the notion of compromise with private capitalists, and perceived concessions to the peasantry, in the face of what was to be called ‘war communism’ they had very little left to criticise.
		The importance of the 1918 Left Communists was not just the fact that they right from an early stage argued that there was a danger that not socialism, but capitalism would emerge from the revolution, but also because in his battles with them, Lenin most explicitly revealed his own support for 'state capitalism'.
		Against the German left communists, they had insisted that the argument that the Russian Revolution had been bourgeois from the start, was a loss of the whole international perspective that had been shared by all the revolutionary fractions at the time.
	www.geocities.com /aufheben2/auf_8_ussr_3.html (13561 words)

	Left communism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Left Communism is a term describing a whole range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political ideas of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views of Leninism held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses.
		The Italian Left Communists were named Left Communists at a later stage in their development, but when the Communist Party of Italy was founded they were actually the majority of Communists in that country.
		Left Communists entered a period of constant decline from this point onwards, although they were somewhat rejuvenated by the events of 1968.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Left_communism (4382 words)

	In the tradition (Part 1) - where our politics comes from - Anarchist Federation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Originally defining themselves as left communists, they were loyal to the Bolshevik revolution and the new Communist international but critical of the parliamentary and trade union policy of the Leninists.
		The left communists, despite being in a majority, were expelled from the fledgling Communist Party in 1920 and founded their own Communist Workers Party, with around 40,000 members.
		The positive legacy of the left /Council Communists must be their theoretical breakthroughs in their analysis of the Trade Unions and parliamentary democracy and in their understanding of the centrality of working class self-organisation in the revolutionary project.
	flag.blackened.net /af/org/issue52/roots.html (2479 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Paris -- where the Left's heart is (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The government of the plural Left was buoyed up by, and accountable to, active social movements around issues of unemployment, the public sector and immigrants' rights which had organised strikes and spectacular demonstrations.
		Greens and Communists have meanwhile been at loggerheads on environmental issues: the Green minister of the environment, Dominique Voynet, had the Superphénix nuclear reactor cancelled, a project championed by the Communists in the name of French technical prowess.
		The Communists, whose parliamentary group is openly split on various issues, are haunted by the charge of "social-democratic drift" and have been alarmed by the electoral rise of the Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire and the mysterious Lutte Ouvrière, which retains links with Peru's Shining Path.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /1998/388/in1.htm (1817 words)

	INDIA: Fuel Price Hike Widens Rifts in Coalition Gov't
		But the communists, who hold 61 seats in parliament, refuse to be impressed and are planning a series of strikes and demonstrations to pressure the government into a rollback.
		The Left makes a point of saying that it supports the UPA government from the "outside", on the basis of a common minimum programme (CMP) that was thrashed out in May 2004.
		The communists claim there is little to distinguish between the economic policies of the UPA regime and those followed by the previous National Democratic Alliance government that was led by the BJP.
	www.ipsnews.net /news.asp?idnews=33554 (1589 words)

	Council Communism Between the New Deal and Fascism- Gabriella M. Bonacchi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The report of the KAPD central committee, which anticipated the creation of a new Communist International pending imminent worldwide revolution, did not express the position of the whole party but, rather, represented the perspective of the "intransigent" wing, led by the central committee itself and by the leaders of the Berlin group.
		This political and theoretical debate explains the attempt by a small group of council communists (almost all of whom were German emigrants) to test within the compact monopolistic order of American capitalism a strategic hypothesis that seemed to be too far ahead of the times in Europe.
		Thus, the council communists' task was the reconstitution of the theoretical framework for analyzing the capitalist crisis in view of the structural modifications created by massive state intervention.
	www.geocities.com /cordobakaf/bonacchi.html (6175 words)

	Pravda.RU:Communists left without leading posts in the Duma
		In this way, left-wing forces in the State Duma (communists and agrarians) loose chairs of 8 committees and of one commission of the House.
		The Communist Party's leader, Gennady Zyuganov is resolute: left-wing factions in the Duma turn to 'strict opposing' the authorities.
		It should be reminded, that at that time, communists united with Unite faction and quietly shared with them all key committees and commissions of the Duma, while other units were left without leading posts.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2002/04/04/27339_.html (417 words)

	Green Left - Refounded Communists fumble
		The Communists promised that their MPs would not vote against the creation of an Olive Tree-led government, but that their subsequent voting would depend on the government's proposals and behaviour.
		Politicians, mayors, and representatives of employers' groups accused the Communists of provoking a political crisis and preventing Italy from integrating with the other EU countries, just when the economy was starting to work properly.
		The PDS [Party of the Democratic Left] daily l'Unita became hysterical, and even Il Manifesto, the newspaper closest to the PRC, urged Bertinotti to withdraw his threat.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1997/295/15631 (1528 words)

	Were any of the Bolshevik oppositions a real alternative? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As such, the Left Opposition were as committed to building "socialism" in the USSR as were the Stalinist promoters of "socialism in one country." The difference was that the Left Opposition also argued for spreading revolution externally as well.
		The Left Opposition would have encourage revolutions which followed (to re-quote the Platform of the Opposition) the "Leninist principle" ("inviolable for every Bolshevik") that "the dictatorship of the proletariat is and can be realised only through the dictatorship of the party." It would have opposed workers' self-management in favour of nationalisation and one-man management.
		Miasnikov was released from custody and permitted to leave the country and left for Germany (this was a device not infrequently used by the authorities to rid themselves of dissenters).
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/anarchism/faq/append45.html (10892 words)

	Green Left - Italian communists' congress confirms left course
		The project of defining a general plan for a left opposition would be undertaken in the period between this congress and the next.
		The Maitan-Turigliatto group saw no reason to present a minority motion, given the PRC's move to the left under Bertinotti's leadership, the fact that this congress concentrated on the immediate political line, and that the debate on the strategy and nature of the party was delayed until a future date.
		The priority, the group's leaders argued, was to contribute to the renovation of PRC work, the reorientation of the party towards intervention in day-to-day struggles and the construction of party organisations at the various levels.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1999/362/18758 (1097 words)

	Informal Communist Discussion
		Socialism is the period of transition between the overthrow of bourgeois rule and the development of a classless, communist society.
		The essence of this false argument is the belief that a communist society would consist of an all-powerful central government that would tell everybody what to do--and would therefore undermine the creative initiative of individuals and the search for happiness.
		Communist theory and practice will combine to deliver to millions of workers in the advanced industrialized countries the news that the fundamental solution to all the problems of the modern world--is the overthrow of the system of bourgeois rule--and its replacement with something that has never existed--workers' rule under modern conditions.
	www.communism.com (3875 words)

	Russia’s Communists Give a Rebuff - Kommersant Moscow
		The memorandum will be translated into English in the near term and e-mailed to communists and left parties for further elaboration, said Gennady Zyuganov, leader of Russia’s Communist Party.
		Communists and left parties in the world are expected to elaborate the document before it is submitted to PACE.
		The memorandum of Russia’s communists was made out in the wake of the recent resolution of PACE, where the latter advocated necessity to condemn crimes of communist regimes.
	www.kommersant.com /page.asp?id=648493 (244 words)

	The Bergonian Revolution, 1931-1934
		The Communists oppressed religious institutions, which prompted a popular backlash that inured to the benefit of the moderate socialists.
		On the Left emerged three separate tendencies, (a) the Marxist socialists who became organized in a Communist party, (b) the non-Marxist socialists and radicals, collectively called the Democrats, allied with a broad front of socialist labor unions, and (c) the Anarchist League and the anarcho-syndicalist labor movement.
		Their decree guaranteed free speech and freedom to organize for all Left groups except that the Communists were to be restrained.
	www.bergonia.org /History/revolution.htm (5271 words)

	Members of Italian Coalition Warn of New Political Turbulence
		The Communists, whose votes are needed to sustain Mr.
		Prodi to "verify" the solidity of his governing majority, which is facing potential conflicts with the Communists over issues ranging from how to create jobs in the depressed South to the use of NATO bases should there be a military action in Kosovo.
		Aggravating the situation is the fact that attempts at electoral reform by Massimo D'Alema, leader of the Democratic Left, the largest party in the governing coalition, were rejected earlier this month by former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who leads the center-right opposition.
	www.iht.com /articles/1998/06/29/italy.t_8.php (764 words)

	NewsMax.com: Commentmax Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Both communist regimes were America's enemies and for the next 40 years proved it in many ways, including brutal reprisals against dissidents and countries attempting to leave the blocs' spheres of influence — for instance, Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968.
		The "important" dramatists of the era, like Bertold Brecht, a German Communist, said regarding the Soviet purges of millions, "the more innocent they are, the more they deserve to be shot." This man and others had a definite effect on the writers and actors of the '20s, '30s and '40s in Hollywood.
		It was his discovery of the communist takeover of the Hollywood Independent Citizens Committee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions (HICCASP), which had originally been formed as a support group for President Roosevelt, that inspired him to accept the nomination for the presidency of the Screen Guild.
	www.newsmax.com /commentmax/get.pl?a=2001/2/6/035115 (3203 words)

	TIME.com: 'Berlusconi's Win May Signify New Political Stability in Italy' -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Greg Burke:The primary reason for Berlusconi's clear-cut victory is that the mainstream party of the left ran without concluding an election pact with the smaller parties of the left, particularly the reformed communists.
		The left won the last election precisely because they had an agreement with the communists, but this time the left vote was fractured.
		And despite the left's attacks on his partnership with far-right parties and questions about a conflict of interest arising from the fact that the media magnate will now have control over the state-run networks against which his own holdings compete, Italian voters appear to have preferred Berlusconi.
	www.time.com /time/world/article/0,8599,109704,00.html (875 words)

	International Socialist Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The thirty-three Blanquists are Communists because they imagine that merely because they want to skip the intermediate stations and compromises, that settles the matter… What childish innocence it is to present impatience as a theoretically convincing argument.
		The German "lefts" argued that in their new "Workers Union," the "recognition of the class struggle, of the Soviet system and the dictatorship of the proletariat should be sufficient for enrolment."
		She wrote, for example, "The Communist Party must keep its doctrine pure, and its independence of reformism inviolate, its mission is to lead the way, without stopping or turning, by the direct road to the communist revolution."
	www.isreview.org /issues/37/infantile.shtml (3115 words)

	Introduction \| libcom.org
		communists were soon to be found among the revolutionary
		The left communists were quick to acclaim the 1917 Russian
		Western Europe, the left communists were also critical of
	libcom.org /library/anti-parliamentary-communism-mark-shipway-intro (1230 words)

	TIME.com: "An Act of Conspiracy" -- Jun. 1, 1959 -- Page 1
		In recent weeks Iraqi Communists have used their virtually unchallenged control of the country's press and radio to push for their next objective: membership in Premier Karim Kassem's Cabinet.
		But last week the left-wing National Democrats, the only political party with open representation in the Cabinet, and a party that has often worked in the past with the Communists, decided "in response to the opinion of the Prime Minister" to suspend political activity.
		That left the Communists as the only major group operating as a political party in Iraq.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,811129,00.html (445 words)

	left communists \| libcom.org
		A short autobiography of Jan Appel, aka Jan Arndt, a German libertarian communist and shipyard worker who most famously hijacked a steam ship to Russia after the German Revolution of 1918.
		The 'Left' Communists' Theses on the Current Situation (Russia, 1918)
		Published by the academic journal Critique, Glasgow, in 1977, this text has long been unavailable in print and apparently never before freely available online.
	libcom.org /tags/left-communists (188 words)

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