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Topic: Lendu

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	Uganda In Eastern DRC - Ethnic Strife: Hema Against Lendu
		Suddenly the Lendu teachers and the students withdrew to the forests-that was July 1999.
		The soldiers accompanied Hema extremists in attacks on Lendu villages and hideouts in the surrounding forests.
		In his letter, the Lendu leader asked the colonel to keep the UPDF from withdrawing units from the villages of Dhebu and Linga and to keep the Ugandans from replacing their troops at Kwandroma.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2001/drc/drc0301-06.htm (6366 words)

	Lendu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Lendu are an ethno-linguistic agriculturalist group residing in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo in the area west and northwest of Lake Albert, in particular the Ituri region of Orientale province.
		The lineage of the Lendu language is Nilo-Saharan > Central Sudanic > East > Lendu.
		A conflict between the Lendu and the ethnic Hema has formed the basis of the Ituri conflict.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lendu (152 words)

	Background to the Hema-Lendu Conflict in Uganda-Controlled Congo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lendu militia then attacked Hema in other villages south of Bunia, killing scores of people and driving some 8,000 across the border into Uganda.
		The Lendu are now thinking of themselves as kin to the Hutu, while the Hema are identifying with the Tutsi.
		That disarmament of ethnic militias (Hema and Lendu)
	www.genocidewatch.org /Bunia11september2002.htm (5565 words)

	Democratic Republic of Congo: On the precipice: The deepening human rights and humanitarian crisis in Ituri. - Amnesty ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lendu communities were driven from their traditional areas, particularly along key roads leading to the Ugandan border.
		They included the deliberate and arbitrary killings of six unarmed Lendu civilians at Kagoro on 11 February, of up to 65 Lendu civilians at Chakurundu on the same date, and of nine Lendu civilians, who apparently were killed because they tried to stop UPDF soldiers looting their cattle, at Mukiro on 14 February.
		The killings were in reprisal for an attack by a Lendu armed group early that morning on UPDF positions and residential areas in the town, during which as many as 50 Hema civilians were reported killed by the Lendu force.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAFR620062003 (11081 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| International \| A genocide foretold
		Last month confrontations between Lendu tribal militia fighters and ethnic Hema militias left 400 dead and displaced some 300,000 Bunia residents, who have sought refuge from the killings in the province's forests and in neighbouring Uganda.
		The conflict between the Lendu and the Hema is especially charged because of its connections to the Hutu-Tutsi conflict as a result of foreign intervention.
		The conflict between the Lendu and the Hema intensified after the departure of some 6,000 Ugandan soldiers in May. Ostensibly stationed in the Ituri province as peace-keepers since 1998, the Ugandan troops soon turned into a standing army of occupation.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2003/642/in7.htm (974 words)

	GOPUSA - Austin Bay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lendu militia attacked the Congo town of Mahagi.
		The Lendu gang allegedly killed 77 Alur, an act of mass theft and ethnic murder.
		Lendu attacks on Alur towns put pressure on Uganda to post troops to the border, where they can quickly enter the DRC to protect the Alur.
	www.gopusa.com /commentary/abay/2003/ab_0717p.shtml (665 words)

	Bunia is no-go for the Lendu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Zumbe - Ethnic Lendu residents of this village in the bloodsoaked Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) dare not venture into Bunia, the area's main town now under the control of French troops.
		Inter-ethnic massacres between the Hema and the Lendu in Ituri have claimed the lives of 50 000 people since 1999 and displaced half a million others.
		In the mud-walled and tin-roofed health centre lay a young ethnic Lendu fighter close to death.
	www.news24.com /News24/Africa/Features/0,,2-11-37_1391384,00.html (652 words)

	Congo's War Turns a Land Spat Into a Blood Bath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The worst of the reprisal killings of Lendu were in the Muzibela neighborhood of Bunia, where people from both groups lived before the attacks.
		For their part, the Ugandans are adamant that they are completely neutral, and deny allegations from Lendu and some aid officials that they did not act quickly enough to stop the killings.
		At Rwankole Hospital, a Lendu teacher, his head battered, whose brother died beside him, lay on a mat recovering not 10 feet from a 2-year- old Hema boy, his cheek split by a machete from his mouth to his ear.
	www.genocidewatch.org /congobloodbath.htm (1574 words)

	Ituri: Congo's Savage Conflict Defeats Free Elections
		Lendu agriculturalists in Ituri tend to regard themselves as kin to the Rwanda’s Hutus, while the cattle-herding Hema identify with the Tutsis.
		The Hema compared the Lendu to the Hutu in Rwanda, whose leadership was responsible for the 1994 mass killings of Tutsis.
		Such brutality has become the signature of the Lendu fighters, who are also known for wearing women's wigs and dresses during battle in the belief that such apparel will protect them from harm.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/jul2006/2006-07-28-01.asp (1620 words)

	Foreign interference, lack of authority fuel tribal clashes in Congo
		Lendu tribesmen have killed between 5,000 and 7,000 members of the Hema tribe since June, partly due to disputes over land in the fertile region, which borders Uganda.
		Ernest Wamba dia Wamba, the leader of one rebel faction fighting to oust Kabila, said economics and politics, not ethnicity, are responsible for the bloodshed near Bunia between the Lendu and the Hema.
		Peter Karim, who is of Lendu origin and who was suspected of purchasing guns for Lendu with the profits from coffee sales, is still believed to be on active duty in Bunia.
	www.unb.ca /bruns/9900/issue19/intnews/congo.html (644 words)

	Mass Killings Reported in Congo
		Lendu warriors using spears and arrows attacked rival Hema tribesmen Friday in Bunia, a trading town on the border with Uganda.
		Lendu civilians took shelter inside churches and compounds of aid agencies in Bunia, U.N. workers said.
		In northeastern Congo, the majority Lendu, a largely farming community, are the traditional rivals of the Hema cattle raisers.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/aponline/20010122/aponline075948_000.htm (453 words)

	"); NewWindow.document.write("IRINnews"); NewWindow.document.write(" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Hostility between the Lendu and Hema communities is rooted in unequal acquisition and access to land, education, and local government.
		Lendu and Hema representatives say previous conflicts were stopped during former president Mobutu Sese Seko’s regime through the mechanisms of local administration, security and intelligence, as well as successful mediation and traditional agreements.
		According to displaced Lendu and Hema, the first mass machete attacks were launched by the Lendu from the Pitsi collectivity against Hema villages in the Djugu and Blukwa areas in June 1999.
	irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=23225&SelectRegion=Great_Lakes&... (2473 words)

	CNN.com - War and violence ravage Congo - Apr. 10, 2003
		Ravaged by warring tribal militias and rebel factions, and beyond the reach of many aid agencies, eastern Congo is one of the worst affected areas in a devastating and complex civil war.
		Long running conflicts between the pastoralist Hema and Lendu farmers mirror the relationship between the minority Tutsis and majority Hutus in nearby Rwanda -- where 800,000 people, mainly Tutsis were killed in the 1994 genocide.
		It was partly to pursue the perpetrators of that genocide that Rwanda invaded Congo in 1998.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/africa/04/10/congo.facts.reut (836 words)

	Background to the Hema-Lendu Conflict in Uganda-Controlled Congo (Human Rights Watch Press release, )
		In the past two years, Ugandans have recruited and trained both Hema and Lendu to serve in the forces of the Congolese Rally for Democracy-Liberation Movement (RCD-ML), a rebel group which is backed by Uganda and which nominally controls this area.
		In Bunia, Wamba and his group are seen as more allied to Lendu and other groups opposed to the Hema.
		In a January 19 statement, Bemba blamed "undisciplined" rebels supporting the Lendu for the violence.
	www.hrw.org /backgrounder/africa/hemabckg.htm (716 words)

	Congo observers slaughtered after 6 days of unanswered pleas to U.N. for rescue
		It also was unclear which Lendu militia was in charge of the town, he said.
		So his soldiers had to wait for clearance from the Lendu chief, and only MONUC headquarters in Kinshasa, the capital, could authorize a rescue operation.
		Lendu militias intimidated other observers for days and accused them of spying for the Hemas.
	www.unwatch.com /rc062503.shtml (1293 words)

	washingtonpost.com: 67 Congolese Killed In Massacre, U.N. Says (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The attack was launched by ethnic Lendu militia against the ethnic Hema village of Katchele, U.N. officials said.
		Leaders of armed Hema and Lendu groups, meeting with U.N. officials in Kinshasa, Congo, in August, had pledged to honor a cease-fire while the United Nations expanded its presence in the region.
		Ethnic friction between the Hema and Lendu is only one element in a broader conflict that has cost the lives of more than 1 million people since Ugandan and Rwandan troops tried to overthrow the Congolese government of Laurent Kabila in August 1998.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A58744-2003Oct7?language=printer (677 words)

	January 2001 News Monitor - Prevent Genocide International
		The clashes are between the Hema and the Lendu, who've fought periodically over fertile land close to the Ugandan border.
		The reports said Lendus attacked the airstrip and the radio station in the town of Bunia with arrows and spears last Friday.
		Militia of the Lendu and affiliated Ngiti people attacked near the Bunia airport at dawn, carrying to the provincial capital the violence which has taken scores of lives in villages to the south of Bunia in the last three weeks.
	www.preventgenocide.org /prevent/news-monitor/2001jan.htm (18739 words)

	Gold and Ethnic Conflict in the Ituri Region
		The law was seen by the Lendu as a means for the Hema people, who were already financially better off, to usurp their territory in an attempt to expand their land holdings, which lead to the initial outbreak of violence in the region (IRIN, 11/15/99).
		Additional conflicts broke out in 1985 and 1996 (2).The current conflict, which began in 1999, is based partially on claims made by the Lendu that the Hema were attempting to expand their land holdings into Lendu territory using false documents created with the help of Hema officials, a charge that the Hema categorically deny (2).
		Spillover from the conflict in Rwanda is prevalent in the DRC, with Hutu and Tutsi identification being adopted by the Lendu and the Hema, respectively (3).
	www.american.edu /ted/ice/ituri.htm (2088 words)

	Shaky cease-fire in Congo's war / Lendu, Hema tribes stand down after 160 are slaughtered, 100,000 refugees flee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On Friday, belligerents from the warring Lendu and Hema tribes signed a tenuous cease-fire in Tanzania.
		The majority Lendu tribe has murdered many of the minority Hema group in the past few months, seemingly acting on age-old grudges.
		Lendu fighters raged through Bunia for days, at one point attacking the U.N. compound.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2003/05/18/MN307826.DTL (901 words)

	Print news - IPS Inter Press Service
		Others, mainly Lendu civilians, are fleeing the town because they fear being attacked by the Hema, their ethnic rivals.
		”Lendu civilians are very scared of the UPC control and are fleeing the town with the militia.
		It is not confirmed yet but what is sure that there are many neighborhoods, streets, totally empty, north of the city,” Tome told IPS on Monday.
	www.ipsnews.net /print.asp?idnews=18149 (754 words)

	Afropavo, number 7 - 2000.
		The Lendu plateau is well known for its population of Prigogine’s Greenbul Chlorocichla prigoninei, Chapin’s Flycatcher Muscicapa lendu lendu and Chapin’s Crombec Sylvietta [leucophrys] chapini.
		Lendu tribesmen armed with machetes and arrows have moved from village to village, killing and maiming.
		The conflict between the agrarian Lendu and the herding Hema reflects the combative atmosphere that plagues Congo.
	www.tommy777.addr.com /Newsletter-7.htm (650 words)

	nkolo-mboka.com - NE JAMAIS TRAHIR LA PATRIE !! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		At the height of hostilities, one Lendu soldier paraded around the town with a kidney strapped to his chest.
		Militiamen from the Hema and Lendu tribes drew blood with guns, knives, spears and poisoned arrows.
		Lendu and Hema tribal fighters swept into the once bustling market town, fighting savage street battles.
	www.nkolo-mboka.com /genocide_12.html (4302 words)

	Meditation Focus #88: Averting More Ethnic Violence in Congo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lendu fighters are using mortars, artillery and small arms, Associated Press reports, to try and recapture the town which they lost to the Hema-led Union of Congolese Patriots (UPC) on Monday.
		Rival Lendu and Hema tribal groups have been fighting for control of Bunia in resource-rich Ituri province since May 7, when neighboring Uganda withdrew its more than 6,000 troops from in and around the town as part of a U.N.-brokered peace accord.
		Vollot said Lendu militia leaders had told him they were having difficulty controlling some fighters who they said were under the influence of drugs.
	www.earthrainbownetwork.com /FocusArchives/MeditationFocus88.htm (6110 words)

	TIME Europe \| Congo: Poverty and War \| 2/21/2000
		Lendu farmers arrived in the mountainous area around 400 years ago, Hema pastoralists some 200 years later.
		The Lendu attackers, often drunk on a local brew made from herbs and leaves, use machetes to chop at the heads and arms of victims, and shoot arrows with barbed metal tips.
		Two weeks ago the government in Kinshasa accused the Ugandan army of encouraging fighting between the Hema and Lendu in order to "justify and perpetuate their occupation of the east." Local people speak of rival Ugandan officers training the two sides and some Lendu say that Ugandans fought alongside Hema last year.
	www.time.com /time/europe/magazine/2000/221/congo.html (1370 words)

	CONGO VIOLENCE
		They want to expand the boundaries of those ranches and have run into ethnic Lendu farmers who are unwilling to give up their land.
		In the Lendu village of Saliboko, Chief Eduard Dz'Ba' Ngorima says some Ugandan troops sided with the Hema.
		Lendu chief Ngorima says things are getting better now that the last group of Ugandan soldiers has been replaced.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/news/2000/02/000211-congo2.htm (600 words)

	CNN.com - Congolese remember violent executions - Jun. 9, 2003
		The people of Bunia have been terrorized by fighters from the majority Lendu and by members of the Hema minority who drove the Lendu out.
		People were terrorized and slaughtered, first by fighters from the majority Lendu ethnic group and then by members of the Hema minority who drove the Lendu out.
		Taking shelter in the parish compound were 200 civilians from four different tribes when Lendu fighters broke in, according to Florent, who is a priest in training.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/africa/06/05/congo.genocide/index.html (792 words)

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