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Topic: Lenticular Galaxy M86

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	Messier Object 86
		M86 has been discovered and cataloged by Charles Messier on March 18, 1781 when he also cataloged 7 more nebulous objects in the same region of the sky, all member galaxies of the Virgo Cluster, and in addition, globular cluster M92.
		This bright giant galaxy is either an elliptical of type E3 or a lenticular galaxy of type S0_1(3); modern classifications apparently tend more to the lenticular classification, NED gives both classes.
		X-ray Observations of Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster.
	www.seds.org /messier/m/m086.html (949 words)

	M86 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This bright giant galaxy is either an elliptical of type E3 or a lenticular galaxy of type S0_1(3); modern classifications apparently tend more to the lenticular classification.
		M86 is the galaxy which has the fastest approaching velocity, and thus the highest blue shift, of all Messier galaxies (and thus all Messier objects): It is approaching us at 419 km/sec !
		But this is not totally uncommon in huge clusters of galaxies as the Virgo cluster, because due to its enormous mass, this huge agglomeration of mass has a strong gravitational field.
	www.intercom.net /user/shaffer/messier/m86.html (363 words)

	SciForums.com - A Barred Lenticular Galaxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Like spiral galaxies, they contain a disk, but like elliptical galaxies, they are usually short on dust, gas, and pretty spiral arms.
		Lenticulars are relatively little studied, possibly because of their seemingly benign nature.
		The image was taken to help determine how lenticular galaxies formed, and what happens in their centers.
	www.sciforums.com /printthread.php?t=6710 (132 words)

	The Galaxy Catalog - User Guide - 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Irregular galaxies, which account for about 5 percent of the galaxies we observe nearby, are forming, colliding, dynamically disturbed systems that do not fit in any of the other three categories.
		Lenticulars are denoted S0 (or SB0, with a bar), and subdivided to classes 1, 2, and 3, based on dust absorption within their disks.
		Among the 22 galaxies we have 16 spirals (M58, M61, M63, M65, M81, M88, M90, M91, M95, M96, M98, M99, M100, M104, M106 and M108), 4 ellipticals (M49, M59, M87 and M105), and 2 lenticulars (M84 and M86).
	www.astro.princeton.edu /~frei/Gcat_htm/cat_ug_1.htm (1649 words)

	Galaxies
		Galaxies are made up of stars and therefore stars are what make up galaxies.
		Galaxies are the largest structures in the universe, varying from a few tens of thousands of light years to around
		In-fact it was the first Galaxy he discovered (although he had no idea what it actually was).
	www.astronomyinfo.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /Galaxies.htm (547 words)

	Galaxy M86 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		M86 is in the center of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies.
		Although the Virgo Cluster is moving away from Earth at about 1,100 km/sec, M86 is fastest Messier odject approaching Earth with velocity of 419 km/sec and thus the highest blue shift of Messier galaxies.
		The fastest moving Virgo Cluster galaxy is NGC 4388 at 2535 km/sec and is receding Earth with a red shift volocity of 1,400 km/sec.
	members.tripod.com /andromeda_logs/territories/m86.htm (202 words)

	APOD: 2002 April 8 - NGC 2787: A Barred Lenticular Galaxy
		Explanation: Lenticular galaxies aren't supposed to be photogenic.
		elliptical galaxies, they are usually short on dust, gas, and pretty spiral arms.
		lenticular galaxies formed, and what happens in their centers.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap020408.html (136 words)

	Galaxy classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Astronomers classify galaxies based on their overall shape (elliptical, spiral or barred spiral) and further by the specific properties of the individual galaxy (for example degree of ellipse, number of spirals or definition of bar).
		From this, astronomers have constructed a theory of galaxy evolution which suggests that ellipticals are, in fact, the result of collisions between spiral and/or irregular galaxies, which strip out much of the gas and dust and randomize the orbits of the stars.
		Galaxies and the Universe - an introduction to galaxy classification
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Galaxy_classification (1196 words)

	Gas and Galaxy Evolution: Abstracts
		Galaxies in the core region are expected to have a different merger history than the galaxies populating the outskirts.
		The scientific applications of such a survey are numerous: studies of the systematics of rotation curves (and hence dark matter content) of galaxies as a function of galaxy type and luminosity, studies of the HI morphologies as a function of galaxy type and luminosity, studies of the stability of warps in the HI disks.
		Early-type galaxies are generally considered to be gas poor, but it has become clear in the past few years that many galaxies of this type do have an ISM that is similar to that in spirals, the main difference being that they have less of it.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /~mrupen/VLA2000/abstracts.shtml (16694 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Virgo cluster membership of M86 is also suggested by its more or less obvious interaction with the intergalactic gaseous matter in the Virgo cluster, which was reported from X-ray observations, discovered by Forman et.al.
		This, however, is probably a perspectivic effect, as otherwise their outlayers would be even much more distorted; there is probably some radial distance, or distance difference from us, between these two galaxies; it is not known which one is a bit closer to, and which a bit farther away from us.
		On M86's fast motion through the intergalactic medium of the Virgo Cluster (the "Intra-Cluster Matter", ICM), the galaxy's interstellar matter collides at high velocity with this material, and is probably "ram-pressure stripped" from the galaxy (Rangarajan et.al.
	www.sr.bham.ac.uk /~imr/Images/Xgal/Hubble/Galaxies/m86cap.txt (831 words)

	Messier 86 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		M86 (also known as Messier Object 86, Messier 86 or NGC 4406) is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Virgo.
		M86 lies in the heart of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies and forms a most conspicuous group with another giant, Lenticular Galaxy M84.
		It displays the highest blue shift of all Messier objects, as it is approaching the Milky Way at 419 km/s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lenticular_Galaxy_M86 (119 words)

	Cosmos: The SAO Encyclopedia: s0 galaxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		They clearly exhibit a bulge and disk similar to spiral galaxies, but do not show any signs of spiral arms or significant quantities of interstellar material.
		They consist primarily of old, population II stars and for this reason, are often misclassified as elliptical galaxies when viewed face-on.
		The origins of S0 galaxies are still unknown, but one idea is that they were originally spiral galaxies which either lost or used up their interstellar material through interactions with another galaxy.
	cosmos.swin.edu.au /entries/s0galaxy/s0galaxy.html (163 words)

	M 86 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		M86 lies well in the heart of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies and forms a most conspicuous group with another giant, M84.
		Below M86 in our image is NGC 4402, a dim (11.5 mag) edge-on spiral.
		Messier observed M86 on March 18th, 1781 "Nebula without a star, above and close to the ear of corn in Virgo, between the two stars in Coma Berenices, Flamsteed 11 and 14.
	www.messiermarathon.com /new_page_92.htm (240 words)

	Messier Object 86
		This group may be viewed in one field even at medium power, so that it is often photographed and we have more images including M84 and M86.
		Deep images of this group have revealed that these galaxies are actually much larger than indicated in conventional images, as the one in this page.
		In addition, we have images of the whole central part of the Virgo Cluster: M87 together with Markarian's chain around M84 and M86.
	digilander.libero.it /COA/m086.htm (417 words)

	Galaxies M84 and M86
		M86 and M84 are two giant lenticular galaxies at the heart of the Virgo cluster of Galaxies.
		Located in Markarian's Chain, M84 was studied by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1997 and was found to contain a massive central object, estimated at 300 million solar masses, located less than 26 light years from the center of the galaxy.
		NGC 4438, a spiral galaxy at the left of the photo, appears to be distorted by an interaction with nearby NGC 4435.
	www.astropix.com /HTML/C_SPRING/M84_M86.HTM (191 words)

	Messier Object 86 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This bright giant galaxy is either an elliptical of type E3 or a lenticular galaxy of type S0_1(3).
		However, the present author thinks it is just this high approach velocity which indicates that M86 is most probably a true cluster member, although this would indicate that it is moving at a peculiar velocity of more than 1500 km/sec, by chance in a direction pointing toward us.
		But this is not totally uncommon in huge clusters of galaxies as the Virgo cluster, because in the strong gravitational field of this huge agglomeration could easily accelerate it to the high velocity observed; it would be much more difficult to find an explanation for such a high velocity for a field galaxy !
	astroa.physics.metu.edu.tr /messier/m/m086.html (361 words)

	Other known galaxies
		NGC 4565 Spiral Galaxy (H V. 24 Caldwell 38) in Coma Berenices
		NGC 5128 Centaurus "A" Peculiar Galaxy (Arp 153, Bennett 60, Caldwell 77) in Centaurus
		NGC 6822 Irregular Barnard's Galaxy (Caldwell 57) in Sagittarius
	pages.infinit.net /bluhaze/Glxs2.htm (1240 words)

	Messier Object 84
		M84 is situated in the heavily populated inner core of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies; it is the very left bright galaxy in our image.
		The other galaxies in this image are: the bright galaxy slightly below and left of the center is M86, while in the upper left is the edge-on spiral NGC 4388, and below it (in the center of the triangle with the 2 Messiers) is starlike NGC 4387.
		Below M86 near the lower edge is dim edgewise NGC 4402.
	www.seds.org /messier/m/m084.html (490 words)

	MARKARIAN'S GALAXY GROUP
		Markarian's Chain is a group of galaxies that lies at the heart of the Virgo cluster.
		NGC 4438, a spiral galaxy in the center of the photo, appears to be distorted by an interaction with nearby NGC 4435.
		It is the center of our local supercluster of galaxies which includes members of our local group, the Milky Way, M31, M32, M110, M33, the Magellanic clouds, and others.
	www.astropix.com /HTML/C_SPRING/MARKS.HTM (216 words)

	Messier Index
		M83 The Southern Pinwheel Galaxy spiral galaxy in Hydra
		Lenticular galaxy (the Spindle Galaxy NGC 5866) in Draco ?
		M104 The Sombrero Galaxy spiral galaxy in Virgo
	www.astronomy.8k.com /messier.html (306 words)

	Lenticular Galaxies - Zoom Astronomy
		The lenticular galaxy NGC 5866, the Spindle Galaxy (located in Draco).
		This galaxy is about 40 million light-years from Earth.
		Some lenticular galaxies (abbreviated SO galaxies) include M84 (in Virgo), M85 (in Virgo), M86 (in Virgo), NGC 5866 (the Spindle Galaxy), and perhaps M102.
	www.zoomschool.com /subjects/astronomy/stars/galaxy/lenticular.shtml (120 words)

	SFA Digital Sky Survey Viewer
		M32 - Elliptical Galaxy - A Satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy M31
		M65 - Spiral Galaxy - In the Leo Triplett
		M110 - Elliptical Galaxy - A Satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy M31
	observe.phy.sfasu.edu /galaxyquest/DSSViewer.html (150 words)

	M86 - Digital Universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Digital Universe Home > The Universe > Local Supercluster > Virgo Cluster > M86
		M86 is a lenticular galaxy of type S0 in the constellation Virgo (although there are those who classify it as an elliptical: a similar debate occurs...
		Lenticular (S0) Galaxy M86 (NGC 4406), type S0, in Virgo...
	www.digitaluniverse.net /portal/m86 (69 words)

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