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	Leonhard Euler
		In 1741 Euler accepted the invitation of Frederick the Great to Berlin, where he was made a member of the Academy of Sciences and professor of mathematics.
		In 1755 Euler had been elected a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences at Paris, and some time afterwards the academical prize was adjudged to three of his memoirs Concerning the Inequalities in the Motions of the Planets.
		Euler's knowledge was more general than might have been expected in one who had pursued with such unremitting ardor mathematics and astronomy as his favorite studies.
	www.nndb.com /people/954/000048810 (1451 words)

	Leonhard Euler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Leonhard Euler was born in Basel, Switzerland, the son of Paul Euler, a Lutheran minister.
		In 1727 Euler was called to St. Petersburg by Catherine I of Russia and became professor of physics in 1730, with an additional mathematics appointment in 1733.
		Euler was the first to publish a systematic introduction to mechanics in 1736: Mechanica sive motus scientia analytice exposita ("Mechanics or motion explained with analytical science"—that is, calculus).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Euler (1459 words)

	Leonhard Euler Article, LeonhardEuler Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Euler is creditedwith being one of the first to apply calculus to physics.
		Euler, with Daniel Bernoulli, established the law that the torque on a thin elastic beam is proportional to a measure of the elasticity of the material andthe moment of inertia of a cross section, about an axis throughthe center of mass and perpendicular to the plane of the couple.
		Euler wrote Tentamen novae theoriae musicae in 1739 which was an attempt to combine mathematics and music ; a biography comments that the work was "formusicians too advanced in its mathematics and for mathematicians too musical".
	www.anoca.org /he/number/leonhard_euler.html (718 words)

	Leonhard Euler -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Leonhard Euler [oi'lər] (April 15, 1707 - September 18, 1783) was a (The natives or inhabitants of Switzerland) Swiss (A person skilled in mathematics) mathematician and (A scientist trained in physics) physicist.
		In 1727 Euler was called to (A city in the European part of Russia; 2nd largest Russian city; located at the head of the Gulf of Finland; former capital of Russia) St.
		Euler was the first to publish a systematic introduction to (The branch of physics concerned with the motion of bodies in a frame of reference) mechanics in 1736: Mechanica sive motus scientia analytice exposita ("Mechanics or motion explained with analytical science"—that is, calculus).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/le/leonhard_euler.htm (1702 words)

	Leonard Euler
		Euler was not as sophisticated as many in the court of Fredrick, and these years were not completely pleasant.
		Euler had always had an outstanding memory and could do enormous calculations in his head, so he prepared for the coming blindness by learning to write formulas on a slate and to dictate mathematics to a son or secretary.
		Euler made fundamental contributions to several areas of science including fluid dynamics, lunar orbit theory (tides), mechanics and "the mathematical theory of investment" (insurance, annuities, pensions), as well as to essentially all of the areas of mathematics which existed at that time.
	scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu /Math/Euler.html (782 words)

	Encyclopedia: Leonhard Euler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In complex analysis, Eulers identity is the equation, where is the base of the natural logarithm, is the imaginary unit, the complex number whose square is negative one, and is Pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
		Also in 1735, Euler defined the Euler-Mascheroni constant useful for differential equations: The Euler-Mascheroni constant is a mathematical constant, used mainly in number theory, and is defined as the limiting difference between the harmonic series and the natural logarithm: Its value is approximately Î³ â‰ˆ 0.
		In physics and astronomy, Eulers three-body problem is to solve the motion of a test mass that is free to move in the presence of the gravitational field of a primary and seconary mass which are fixed in space.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leonhard-Euler (4221 words)

	Euler, Leonhard
		By means of his numerous books and memoirs that he submitted to the academy, Euler carried integral calculus to a higher degree of perfection, developed the theory of trigonometric and logarithmic functions, reduced analytical operations to a greater simplicity, and threw new light on nearly all parts of pure mathematics.
		He is known for familiar results in elementary geometry; for example, the Euler line through the orthocentre (the intersection of the altitudes in a triangle), the circumcentre (the centre of the circumscribed circle of a triangle), and the barycentre (the "centre of gravity," or centroid) of a triangle.
		Throughout his life Euler was much absorbed by problems dealing with the theory of numbers, which treats of the properties and relationships of integers, or whole numbers (0, +/-1, +/-2, etc.); in this, his greatest discovery, in 1783, was the law of quadratic reciprocity, which has become an essential part of modern number theory.
	www.phy.bg.ac.yu /web_projects/giants/euler.html (772 words)

	Leonard Euler
		Euler wrote an article on acoustics, but he was not chosen to go forward to the stage where lots were drawn to make the final decision on who would fill the chair.
		Euler became professor of physics at the academy in 1730 and, since this allowed him to became a full member of the Academy, he was able to give up his Russian navy post.
		Euler was also helped by two other members of the Academy, WL Krafft and AJ Lexell, and the young mathematician N Fuss who was invited to the Academy from Switzerland in 1772.
	mathsforeurope.digibel.be /Euler.html (2526 words)

	Leonhard Euler (1707 - 1783)
		I think we may sum up Euler's work by saying that he created a good deal of analysis, and revised almost all the branches of pure mathematics which were then known, filling up the details, adding proofs, and arranging the whole in a consistent form.
		Euler commenced this part by dividing curves into algebraical and transcendental, and established a variety of propositions which are true for all algebraical curves.
		This method is not convenient, but it was from Euler's results that Mayer constructed the lunar tables for which his widow in 1770 received 5000 pounds from the English parliament, and in recognition of Euler's services a sum of 300 pounds was also voted as an honorarium to him.
	www.maths.tcd.ie /pub/HistMath/People/Euler/RouseBall/RB_Euler.html (1819 words)

	Feature Column
		Given that today Euler is credited with being the "father" of graph theory for having solved the Königsberg bridge problem using graph theory ideas, one might have expected him to see the graph associated with a polyhedron.
		There are many proofs of the Euler polyhedral formula, and, perhaps, one indication of the importance of the result is that David Eppstein has been able to collect 17 different proofs.
		The connection between Euler's polyhedral formula and the mathematics that led to a theory of surfaces, both the orientable and unorientable surfaces, is still being pursued to this day.
	www.ams.org /featurecolumn/archive/eulers-formula.html (4106 words)

	Ulearn Today - Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		An extremely prolific man and one of the most creative mathematicians of the eighteenth century, Leonard Euler is recognised as the father of the graph theory and science of topology.
		Euler enriched mathematics with important new concepts and techniques and is credited with having given the notation f (x) for a function, e for the base of natural logarithms, i for the square root of -1,
		Euler was born and educated in the Swiss town of Basle.
	www.ulearntoday.com /magazine/physics_article1.jsp?FILE=euler (694 words)

	Leonard Euler (1707-1783) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Euler introduced the symbols p (for 3.14159.......), e (for 2.7128.....), and i for the square root of -1.
		Euler was part of the continental school who adopted Leibniz's calculus and, along with d'Alembert and the Bernoulli brothers (Daniel and Nicolaus), clearly demonstrated its power.
		It is interesting to note that Euler examined problems in potential, i.e., irrotational and incompressible, flow which led him to a consideration of complex variables long before Cauchy was born or Laplace was professionally active.
	www.fluidmech.net /msc/euler.htm (563 words)

	10.9. Euler, Leonard (1707-1783)
		Leonhard Euler was one of top mathematicians of the eighteenth century and the greatest mathematician to come out of Switzerland.
		Euler took up a position at the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1727 and became the professor of mathematics six years later.
		Unfortunately, Euler's philosophical ability was limited and he often blundered to the amusement of all involved.
	web01.shu.edu /projects/reals/history/euler.html (906 words)

	"Leonard Euler" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The greatest mathematician of the eighteenth century,Leonhard Euler was born in Basel, Switzerland.
		In 1731 Euler became a professor of physics and mathematics at St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
		Leonhard Euler died in 1783, leaving behind a legacy perhaps unmatched, and certainly unsurpassed, in the annals of mathematics.
	www32.brinkster.com /lajenkins/htmlcase1-2.htm (172 words)

	Search Results for Euler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Euler gave the most algebraic of the proofs of the existence of the roots of an equation, the one which is based on the proposition that every real equation of odd degree has a real root.
		Euler, from 1760 onwards, seems to be the first to study the general problem of three bodies under mutual gravitation (rather than looking at bodies in the solar system) although at first he only considered the restricted three body problem when one of the bodies has negligible mass.
		Euler was appointed as Director of the Mathematics Section of the Academy and, after Maupertuis' death in 1759, Euler took charge of the Academy (although he was never given the title of President).
	www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /Search/historysearch.cgi?SUGGESTION=Euler&CONTEXT=1 (13997 words)

	LEONHARD EULER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) was arguably the greatest mathematician of the eighteenth century (His closest competitor for that title is Lagrange) and one of the most prolific of all time; his publication list of 886 papers and books may be exceeded only by Paul Erdös.
		But there is another "Euler's formula" that (to use the modern terminology adopted long after Euler's death) gives the values of the Riemann zeta function at positive even integers in terms of Bernoulli numbers.
		Euler's study of the bridges of Königsberg can be seen as the beginning of combinatorial topology (which is why the Euler characteristic bears his name).
	www.usna.edu /Users/math/meh/euler.html (402 words)

	Item 225
		Swiss mathematician and scientist Leonard Euler's residency in Russia coincided with the grand cultural vision of Catherine the Great and her determination to Europeanize Russia.
		Euler presented a developed theory of consonance, based upon an explicit, mathematical rule for determining the ‘simplicity' of a set of frequencies such as those making up a chord.
		Euler thus began to construct a mathematical theory of the consonance of a progression of chords.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/lweb/eresources/exhibitions/treasures/html/225.html (220 words)

	Euler
		Euler made large bounds in modern analytic geometry and trigonometry.
		Euler lost the sight of his right eye at the age of 31 and soon after his return to St Petersburg he became almost entirely blind after a cataract operation.
		Amazingly after 1765 (when Euler was 58) he produced almost half his works despite being totally blind.
	library.wolfram.com /examples/quintic/people/Euler.html (564 words)

	Euler Equations
		The equations are named in honor of Leonard Euler, who was a student with Daniel Bernoulli, and studied various fluid dynamics problems in the mid-1700's.
		The Euler equations neglect the effects of the viscosity of the fluid which are included in the Navier-Stokes equations.
		In general, the Euler equations have a time-dependent continuity equation for conservation of mass and three time-dependent conservation of momentum equations.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/eulereqs.html (755 words)

	ESO - 1998
		Leonard Euler Telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory.
		CORALIE echelle spectrograph was mounted at the 1.2-m Swiss telescope at La Silla and the commissioning phase was begun, during which the telescope and the spectrograph would be trimmed to perfection.
		Leonard Euler telescope with a 120-cm main mirror was built at the Geneva Observatory and named in honour of the famous Swiss mathematician (1707-1783).
	www.eso.org /outreach/press-rel/pr-1998/pr-18-98.html (1239 words)

	Leonhard Euler Biography and Summary
		The son of a clergyman, Leonhard Euler, was born in Basel on April 15, 1707.
		Born in Basel, Switzerland, Euler achieved significant accomplishments in mathematics, particularly when it is considered that he was blind for the last seventeen years of his life.
		Leonhard Euler (pronounced oiler)(IPA /ˈɔɪlər/) (April 15, 1707 Basel, Switzerland- September 18, 1783 St Petersburg, Russia) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist.
	www.bookrags.com /Leonhard_Euler (264 words)

	The History of Euler's Disk
		Leonard Euler worked on these variational principles in the eighteen century.
		The equation for a perfect fluid, modified by Navier and Stokes to include viscous effects, is the work of Leonard Euler.
		Euler's Disk has been finished for some time now and I am very happy with that.
	www.eulersdisk.com /history.html (1053 words)

	Ivars Peterson's MathLand
		Together, Euclid of Alexandria (365-300 B.C.) and Leonard Euler (1707-1783), born in Switzerland and at various times resident in St. Petersburg and Berlin, collaborated on proving an interesting result in number theory -- without the benefit of e-mail or time travel.
		By the time Leonard Euler came on the scene, seven perfect numbers were known.
		Euler's proof wasn't published until after his death.
	www.maa.org /mathland/mathland_1_27.html (770 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The theory of networks was introduced to the field of mathematics in 1735 when Leonard Euler presented his solution to the Königsberg bridge problem.
		Lesson OneTHE KÖNIGSBERG BRIDGES In a memoir presented to the Russian Academy at St. Petersburg in 1735, the eminent Swiss mathematician Leonard Euler described a famous problem he had solved: In the town of Königsberg in Prussia there is an island called Kneiphof, with the two branches of the river (Pregel) flowing around it.
		Euler was concerned with finding a general solution to any problem like the Königsberg bridge problem.
	www.math.vt.edu /courses/math1624/networks.doc (1754 words)

	Leonard Euler
		Euler moved to Berlin at the command of Peter the Great in 1741, but returned to his native Russia in 1766, where he lived until his death.
		Leonard Euler developed the notations for e and pi.
		In his lifetime Euler published 500 books and documents, and another 400 were published after his death.
	www.edu.pe.ca /kish/Grassroots/math/euler.htm (161 words)

	Math Forum: Leonhard Euler and the Bridges of Konigsberg
		The 'Euler number' of a 'network' like the ones presented later in this discussion is an example of a property that does not change when the network is stretched or compressed.
		One of these areas is the topology of networks, first developed by Leonhard Euler in 1735.
		The Math Forum is a research and educational enterprise of the Drexel School of Education.
	www.mathforum.org /isaac/problems/bridges1.html (336 words)

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