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	Gordon's 1st Lepidoptera Page (Butterflies)
		The Lepidoptera are one of the five great orders of insects and when all the counting has been finished will probably be fighting for 3rd place with the Diptera behind the Hymenoptera and the Coleoptera, but ahead of the Hemiptera (especially in those taxonomic organisations that split the Hemiptera into 2 orders).
		The name Lepidoptera comes from the Greek 'Lepidos' a scale and 'Pteron' a wing, they are called this because their wings are covered in small scales (these are modified hairs).
		The earliest known Lepidoptera are larval heads preserved in amber from the Cretaceous.
	www.earthlife.net /insects/lepidop1.html (2147 words)

	Lepidoptera Department - Publications
		A revision of the genus Hypotephrina Janse, 1932 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae).
		The genus Eupithecia in Lesotho (Lepidoptera, Geometridae: Ennominae).
		The genus Athetis Hübner in Lesotho (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Amphipyrinae).
	www.nfi.org.za /lepidoptera/leppubs/pubs.html (533 words)

	Arctiidae catalogue of the former USSR
		Fauna cheshuekrylykh (Lepidoptera) SSSR [A fauna of Lepidoptera of the USSR].
		Dubatolov, V.V. (1989): Reviziya roda Axiopoena (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) [A revision of the genus Axiopoena (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)].
		(Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) - a New Fossil Tiger-Moth from Miocene of the Caucasus].
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Cyprus/4397/arctiinae.htm (8875 words)

	lepidoptera bibliography
		Gaskin, D.E. and Littler, E.A. Autumn butterflies on the island of Chios (Greece) Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioldea.
		Gaskin, D.E. Morphology and reclassification of the Australasian, Melanesian and Polynesian Glaucocharis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Crambinae: Diptychophorini) Aust.
		Lepidoptera (Papilionoidea and Hesperloidea) in the southern Peloponnisos, Greece, with preliminary comparisons of species diversity, and some comments on practical problems of conservation in the context of the E.U. agricultural policies for the next decades.
	www.gmwsrs.org /mothbook.htm (934 words)

	Lepidoptera
		The name Lepidoptera, derived from the Greek words "lepido" for scale and "ptera" for wings, refers to the flattened hairs (scales) that cover the body and wings of most adults.
		Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) is the second largest order in the class Insecta.
		Although many Lepidoptera are valued for their beauty, and a few are useful in commerce (e.g., the silkworm, Bombyx mori), the larvae of these insects are probably more destructive to agricultural crops and forest trees than any other group of insects.
	www.cals.ncsu.edu /course/ent425/compendium/butter~1.html (1100 words)

	[No title]
		Descriptors: biochemistry and molecular biophysics, climatology, ecology, economic entomology, physiology, Lepidoptera, Choristoneura fumiferana, biochemical metabolite, overwintering, supercooling, water content, bioclimatology and biometeorology, environmental biology, physiological water studies, temperature: its measurement, effects and regulation, thermoadaptation, developmental biology, embryology, morphogenesis, comparative and experimental morphology, pathology.
		Descriptors: ecology, physiology, sense organs, sensory reception, Lepidoptera, Catocala, Cyanocitta cristata, visual characteristics, behavioral biology, environmental biology, sense organs, associated structures and functions, physiology and biochemistry, comparative and experimental morphology, pathology.
		Inconsistency in relationships between body weight and flight duration of moths with respect to influences of different environmental factors during the larval stages indicates that flight capacity is unlikely to be influenced by body size in this species.
	www.nal.usda.gov /awic/pubs/Labinsects/Lepidoptera.htm (6811 words)

	Info and facts on 'Lepidoptera' (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Lepidoptera is the second largest order ((biology) taxonomic group containing one or more families) of insects comprising butterflies (additional info and facts about butterflies), skipper (A student who fails to attend classes) s, and moth (Typically crepuscular or nocturnal insect having a stout body and feathery or hairlike antennae) s.
		Lepidoptera is divided into several suborders, the largest being Ditrysia (additional info and facts about Ditrysia).
		Butterflies families are collectively known as Rhopalocera (additional info and facts about Rhopalocera) (club-horned), while moth families are collectively known as Heterocera (additional info and facts about Heterocera) (varied-horned).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/le/lepidoptera.htm (938 words)

	CSIRO Entomology - ANIC Lepidoptera
		Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) is one of the five megadiverse insect orders, and with the day flying butterflies includes the probably best-loved insects.
		Lepidoptera are characterised by wings covered with minute overlapping scales, responsible for the often colourful wing pattern and providing vital insulation against heat loss, making moths the dominant night active insect group.
		Numerically, the Australian Lepidoptera are dominated by the 5500 species of Oecophorinae, predominantly feeding on live and dead myrtaceous foliage and of great importance to nutrient recycling.
	www.ento.csiro.au /anic/lepidoptera.html (1201 words)

	Search Results for lepidoptera - Encyclopædia Britannica
		As primary consumers of green plant material, the Lepidoptera are enormously important in food chains, not only because of the very large number of species in the order and the diversity of their...
		The Lepidoptera belong to an important group of insect orders, the panorpoid complex, the ancestral stem of which began in the Permian.
		The evolution of moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) was made possible only by the development of the modern flower, which provides their food.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=lepidoptera&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (439 words)

	O. Orkin Insect Zoo: Student Resources Component--Lepidoptera (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In addition to the colors that are visible to humans, some Lepidoptera have an ultraviolet color that is visible to the insect but not to humans.
		Insects are the main predators of Lepidoptera eggs and young larvae.
		Lepidoptera include many serious pests of crops and forests in North America because of the feeding habits of the caterpillars.
	insectzoo.msstate.edu /Students/lepidoptera.html (2688 words)

	Lepidoptera
		Heppner, J. Faunal regions and the diversity of Lepidoptera.
		Early evolution of the proboscis of Lepidoptera (Insecta): external morphology of the galea in basal glossatan moth lineages, with remarks on the origin of the pilifers.
		Nielsen, E. Primitive (non-ditrysian) Lepidoptera of the Andes: diversity, distribution, biology and phylogenetic relationships.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Lepidoptera&contgroup=Endopterygota (731 words)

	Insect Orders
		Lepidoptera usually have four well developed wings covered with overlapping scales as adults.
		A few adult Lepidoptera have reduced wings or none at all.
		Most Lepidoptera feed on leaves of plants in the larval stage.
	entowww.tamu.edu /fieldguide/orders/lepidoptera.html (276 words)

	Electronic Resources on Lepidoptera
		This site offers both information about butterflies and moths as well as a comprehensive set of pointers to other sources of electronic information on lepidoptera.
		There are now three indicies of information on lepidoptera:
		All materials on this ite are copyright Christopher Majka and Empty Mirrors Press.
	www.chebucto.ns.ca /Environment/NHR/lepidoptera.html (166 words)

	Untitled Document
		The inventory and monitoring of Grand Canyon Lepidoptera is part of a larger Terrestrial Ecosystem Monitoring project involving plants, vertebrates and arthropods.
		Although this website focuses on the Lepidoptera, we are inventorying and monitoring all arthropods in the riparian zonal along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon.
		The purpose of the arthropod studies are first to inventory and characterize the terrestrial arthropod fauna associated with the different river flow stage riparian environments along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon (GC).
	bugs.bio.nau.edu /grand_canyon (907 words)

	Lepidoptera of Siberia and Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) of the Argun' basin].
		Dubatolov, V.V., Kosterin, O.E. Nemoral species of Lepidoptera (Insecta) in Siberia: a novel view on their history and the timing of their disjunctions.
		Kosterin, O. E., Ponomarev, K. New data on the fauna of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Diurna) of the city of Omsk and its closest surroundings.
	pisum.bionet.nsc.ru /kosterin/lepido.htm (1047 words)

	Lepidoptera (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the publication regarded to be original (Linnaeus 1758), to the order Lepidoptera, besides other species, was attributed a species Phalaena Tinea proletella, which now is places not to Lepidoptera, but to Scytinelytra (or Aleyrodes/fg1) in Arthroidignatha.
		Placement of this species to Lepidoptera was a result of evident mistake, because its complex arthroidignathan mouth apparatus was taken for a simple lepidopteran haustellum ("lingua inflexa"), and its wax cover on wings was taken for lepidopteran scales.
		Hence, the name Lepidoptera should be regarded as corresponding in circumscription to this taxon, excluding proletella [Ph.
	www.bio.pu.ru /win/entomol/KLUGE/nom/Lepidoptera.htm (118 words)

	McGuire Centers for Lepidoptera Research and Insect Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The adults of Lepidoptera serve as important pollinators to many kinds of plants, while their earlier stage, caterpillars, are extremely important ecologically.
		For example, it is estimated that more than 90% of all leaf damage in tropical forests is accomplished by moth and butterfly caterpillars, creating a constant turnover of nutrients essential to the health of the ecosystem as their excrement falls to the topsoil beneath the trees.
		One of the chief activities of a number of the members of the Division of Lepidoptera Research group is to give public lectures, write popular books and articles on butterflies, promulgate the philosophy and practice of butterfly gardening and habitat restoration, and similar outreach programs with the general public.
	www.flaentsoc.org /mcguiredonation.html (2886 words)

	Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths) \| Iowa State Entomology Index of Internet Resources
		Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles - a database dealing with lepidopteran families occurring in the islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe.
		Biology of Cameraria ohridella - ideo, by Ulrich Zunke and Gerhard Doobe, chronicles the feeding behavior and morphology of the horse-chestnut leaf miner in Hamburg, Germany.
		Olethreutinae (Lepidoptera: Torticidae) of the Plum Brook NASA Station - photographs of the adult of 58 species along with male genitalia if needed for identification.
	www.ent.iastate.edu /list/directory/90/vid/5 (2816 words)

	The Lepidoptera of the Circles
		The insect order Lepidoptera, with as many as 100,000 species, is second only to the Coleoptera, the beetles.
		With the exception of a few moths, all adult Lepidoptera have two pairs of wings.
		The existence of the lopsided butterfly is now a well established fact largely thanks to the efforts of A. Candy (1896).
	www.maa.org /editorial/knot/lepidoptera.html (1191 words)

	Lepidoptera Bibliographies/NCState-AgNIC
		Brock, J. A contribution towards an understanding of the morphology and phylogeny of the Ditrysian Lepidoptera.
		Holloway, J. A survey of the Lepidoptera biogeography and ecology of New Caledonia.
		Shepard, H. The pleural and sternal sclerites of the Lepidoptera thorax.
	www.lib.ncsu.edu /agnic/sys_entomology/ncstate/lepidoptera.html (1107 words)

	Fursaxa: Lepidoptera: Pitchfork Review (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The visionary 12th century theologian, scientist, and composer Hildegard von Bingen once referred to herself and her creations as "a feather on the breath of God." Perhaps it could be said that there are hints of this same celestial guidance at work in the ethereal music of West Philly's Tara Burke, aka Fursaxa.
		Despite their humble settings, however, the songs of Lepidoptera attain an astonishing degree of richness and tranquil warmth, possessing a depth of field unheard on earlier Fursaxa releases like 2000's Mandrake.
		Throughout the album, Burke's lyrics (such as they may be) remain stubbornly inscrutable, but on tracks like the opening convocation of "Freedom" her cascading, self-replicating harmonies render her actual words superfluous.
	www.pitchforkmedia.com /record-reviews/f/fursaxa/lepidoptera.shtml (335 words)

	Discover Life-- GSMNP Lepidoptera
		No comprehensive systematic study has been attempted for the Lepidoptera of the GSMNP (as data available prior to 1987 are results from collections made by a few collectors from various areas during limited time frames).
		Thus, it is important to obtain an inventory of the Lepidoptera fauna before the gypsy moth infests the area.
		The objectives of the project were to: survey and determine the species of Lepidoptera present in the GSMNP.
	www.discoverlife.org /nh/cl/GSMNP/lepidoptera_GSMNP.html (3239 words)

	Societat Catalana de Lepidopterologia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The study of lepidoptera in Catalonia has had followers since about the middle of the last century.
		The fieldtrips are frequent and are usually organized among groups of members to do specific studies, or as an activity of the Society with a larger participation and in places with remarkable naturalistic interest.
		The protection of lepidoptera and their habitats is one of the goals of the SCL and for this reason it collaborates with organizations for the defense of nature.
	butterflywebsite.com /Society/scl.htm (677 words)

	The Pherolist: List of Sex Pheromones of Lepidoptera
		The Pherolist was first published in 1986 as the brochure "List of Sex Pheromones of Lepidoptera and Related Attractants" by the International Organization for Biological Control, IOBC-OILB, West Palearctic Regional Section.
		A database of chemical components identified in sex glands of female Lepidoptera insects and other chemicals attractive to male moths.
		Data are arranged in phylogenetic order and can be accessed via families, genera, species, common names and chemicals.
	www.nysaes.cornell.edu /fst/faculty/acree/pheronet (353 words)

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