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Topic: Lepospondyli

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	Lepospondyli - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Lepospondyli are a group of small but diverse Carboniferous to early Permian tetrapods.
		None were large (the biggest genus, Diplocaulus, reached a meter in length, but most were much smaller), and it can be assumed that they lived in specialised ecological niches not taken by their more numerous Temnospondyl contemporaries.
		All Lepospondyli are most notably characterised by having simple, spool-shaped vertebra, which were not preformed as cartilage but rather grew as bony cylinders around the notochord.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Lepospondyli (375 words)

	Handbook of Paleoherpetology, Part 1: Lepospondyli
		It cannot be determined whether it is a relict of an early stage in the evolution of lepospondyls or if this genus represents a separate lineage that convergently evolved some lepospondyl characteristics.
		Use of the term Lepospondyli implies that these groups evolved from a common ancestor in which these features were already present.
		Clearly, an understanding of the diversity and anatomy of lepospondyls is vital to any study of the origin of the modern amphibians, as well as for an appreciation of the pattern of evolution of early land vertebrates.
	www.pfeil-verlag.de /07pala/e2_26d.html (679 words)

	Aistopoda
		Anderson, J. 1998: Phylogenetic analysis of the Lepospondyli (Tetrapoda).
		Anderson, J. S., 2003a: A new aïstopod (Tetrapoda: Lepospondyli) from Mazon Creek, Illinois.
		Anderson, J. S., Carroll, R. and Rowe, T. B., 2003: New information on Lethiscus stocki (Tetrapoda: Lepospondyli: Aistopoda) from high-resolution computed tomography and a phylogenetic analysis of Aistopoda.
	www.fmnh.helsinki.fi /users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/amphibia/Lepospondyli/Aistopoda.html (244 words)

	Permian Encyclopedia Article @ BuyTexasart.com (Buy Texas Art) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A number of important new insect groups appeared at this time, including the Coleoptera (beetles) and Diptera (flies).
		Permian tetrapods consisted of temnospondyli, lepospondyli and batrachosaur amphibians and sauropsids and synapsid (pelycosaurs and therapsids) reptiles.
		This period saw the development of a fully terrestrial fauna and the appearance of the first large herbivores and carnivores.
	www.buytexasart.com /encyclopedia/Permian (1329 words)

	Pushing Phylocode - - science news articles online technology magazine articles Pushing Phylocode (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Anderson’s talk—the fifth of the day—was about Lepospondyli, an extinct group of small four-limbed creatures that may be the ancestors of modern amphibians.
		To the uninitiated, it would have seemed deeply pedantic: The title of the talk was “Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Lepospondyli: Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Approaches to Nomenclature in Uncertain Topologies.” Yet Anderson’s real subject was a revolution that could shake the foundations of how we describe life on Earth.
		The 60 taxonomists from 11 countries who came to Paris for the society’s inaugural meeting had a radical agenda: to overthrow the system of classifying species that has reigned for a quarter of a millennium and replace it with a new one called the PhyloCode.
	www.discover.com /issues/apr-05/features/pushing-phylocode (1493 words)

	Phylogeny of Stegocephalians
		A, Tersomius texensis (Temnospondyli); B, Brachydectes elongatus (Lysorophia, Lepospondyli); C, Limnoscelis paludis (Diadectomorpha, Cotylosauria); D, Epicrionops petersi (Gymnophiona, Lissamphibia).
		The evolution of many groups has been characterized by the loss of several cranial bones, and lissamphibians are no exception (Figs.
		In lysorophians and lissamphibians, the body of the parasphenoid is not much wider than the cultriform process and there is no sharp separation between the body and the cultriform process (Fig.
	tolweb.org /articles/?article_id=467 (1951 words)

	Pun 2.5.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It is the so-called husk-type vertebra and consists of a single structure somewhat spooled in shape and often pierced lengthwise in the upper part for the passage of the notochord.
		This type of vertebra was also shared by the extinct primitive amphibian subclass Lepospondyli, which existed during the Paleozoic time (Figure 2.10a, b).
		Since the commonly accepted sequence of vertebrate evolution is crossopterygian to amphibian and labyrinthodonts to modern tetrapods, it is difficult to see how the modern amphibian could have evolved in light of the similarities of its vertebra with an extinct subclass of primitive amphibian that did not enter the main stream of tetrapod evolution (1).
	www.ibri.org /Books/Pun_Evolution/Chapter2/2.5.htm (3523 words)

	Oldexam1.html
		The first members of the Class Amphibia were in the Subclass Lepospondyli.
		Actinopterygian fish are thought to have given direct rise to the Class Amphibia.
		The earliest amphibians are included in the Subclass Lepospondyli.
	www.tarleton.edu /~sudman/oldexam1.html (1136 words)

	Karen's Komments June 2003
		It was found in the deep marine Essex area and must have been washed there from land.
		This new animal is included in with Lepospondyli that may have given rise to amphibians.
		A puzzle is that these animals appear full blown without any known links.
	www.esconi.org /Karens_Komments_June_2003.htm (1560 words)

	Amphibians
		The Temnospondyli are thought by some scientists to be the ancestors of the modern frogs.
		The amphibians of the subclass Lepospondyli, which lived during the Mississippian through lower Permian periods (340 to 270 million years ago), include the extinct orders Nectridea, Aistopoda, and Microsauria.
		Members of the latter two orders were elongate.
	www.webspawner.com /users/petcentralamphibians (2008 words)

	Untitled Document
		Anderson, J. S., 2003b, Cranial anatomy of Coloraderpeton brilli, postcranial anatomy of Oestocephalus amphiuminus, and reconsideration of opiderpetontidae (Tetrapoda: lepospondyli: Aistopoda): Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v.
		Anderson, J. S., and Reisz, R. R., 2003, A new microsaur (Tetrapoda: Lepospondyli) from the Lower Permian of Richards Spur (Fort Sill), Oklahoma: In: Sutdies on the evolution of vertebrates-papers in honour of Robert Lynn Carroll, edited by Sues, H.-D., Murry, A. M., and J. Anderson, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v.
		Carroll, R. L., Bossy K. A, Milner A. C., Andrews S. M., and Wellstead C. Lepospondyli: Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie, Part 1, p.
	www.paleofile.com /Demo/Mainpage/Taxalist/Lepospondylia.htm (2567 words)

	Functional morphology of the skull in Lysorophus; a snake-like Paleozoic amphibian (Lepospondyli) -- Bolt and Wassersug ...
		Functional morphology of the skull in Lysorophus; a snake-like Paleozoic amphibian (Lepospondyli) -- Bolt and Wassersug 1 (3): 320 -- Paleobiology
		Functional morphology of the skull in Lysorophus; a snake-like Paleozoic amphibian (Lepospondyli)
		This article has been cited by other articles:
	paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org /cgi/content/abstract/1/3/320 (75 words)

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