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Medmicro Chapter 35 Leptospira interrogans causes leptospirosis, a usually mild febrile illness that may result in liver or kidney failure. Leptospira is a flexible, spiral-shaped, Gram-negative spirochete with internal flagella. Leptospira, Borrelia, and Spirillum cause disease characterized by clinical stages with remissions and exacerbations. gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch035.htm   (4610 words)

Leptospira Leptospira biflexa serovar Patoc strain Patoc I = ATCC 23582. Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae, serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, strain RGA = ATCC 23581. The members of the "Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Leptospira" omitted to request a Judicial Opinion, and the proposal for the replacement of strain RGA by strain Ictero N° 1 is illegitimate. www.bacterio.cict.fr /l/leptospira.html   (1260 words)

Leptospira Interrogans - Monografias.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) Arzumian (1970), plantea que las leptospiras tienen una estructura en espiral, la cual se caracteriza por tener alrededor de su eje axial volutas primarias y secundarias las cuales condicionan las sinuosidades de su cuerpo. El aspecto morfológico de las leptospiras es básicamente el mismo para todos los miembros del género Leptospira: son microorganismos RAM (-), helicoidales, de 7 a 10 y hasta 30 micras de longitud y de 0.2 a 0.3 micras de ancho. Las leptospiras penetran en el cuerpo por las membranas mucosas o cortes en la piel, si tienen un número y virulencia suficientes para vencer la resistencia del huésped, se multiplican y producen una infección clínica generalizada o subclínica (etapa leptospirémica). www.monografias.com /trabajos25/leptospira-interrogans/leptospira-interrogans.shtml   (10952 words)

Leptospirosis | Vhi Healthcare Leptospirosis is a febrile disease (fever) caused by infection with the bacteria Leptospira interrogans. Leptospira bacteria can enter the body through cuts or other skin damage or through mucous membranes (such as the inside of the mouth and nose). Leptospirosis is caused by an infection with the bacterium Leptospira interrogans. www2.vhihealthe.com /topic/topic100587077   (1405 words)

Introduction to the Bacteria   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) Bacteria are often maligned as the causes of human and animal disease (like this one, Leptospira, which causes serious disease in livestock). However, certain bacteria, the actinomycetes, produce antibiotics such as streptomycin and nocardicin; others live symbiotically in the guts of animals (including humans) or elsewhere in their bodies, or on the roots of certain plants, converting nitrogen into a usable form. Bugs In The News, maintained by John C. Brown of the University of Kansas Department of Microbiology, is a set of articles on newsworthy bacteria and other microbes. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /bacteria/bacteria.html   (205 words)

Important Animal Information Leptospira is a gram negative spirochete bacterium that is very common in the United States. Leptospira organisms are able to survive for long periods in surface water. Leptospira vaccine should be given two times at three weeks apart and then twice annually. www.mnn.net /leptospira.htm   (682 words)

Leptospira   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) The diseases produced by Leptospira are termed "leptospirosis" and can vary from subclinical to fatal. Leptospira are thin, tightly coiled obligate aerobes that are highly motile. Their structure is similar to other spirochetes; a multilayered outer membrane, helical shaped peptidoglycan and flagella located in the periplasmic space. www.cehs.siu.edu /fix/medmicro/lepto.htm   (339 words)

Leptospirosis Leptospira canicola is the most common cause of leptospirosis in dogs which also serve as the primary reservoir host. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae is a less frequent cause of leptospirosis in dogs and rats are the primary reservoir host. More infrequently, Leptospira grippotyphosa which is carried by voles and other small rodents, and Leptospira bataviae which is carried by rats, mice, and other dogs, have been reported to cause leptospirosis in dogs. www.sfweims.com /health/leptospirosis.html   (596 words)

Leptospirosis Summary 1: an infectious disease cause by leptospira and transmitted to humans from domestic animals; characterized by jaundice and fever [syn: swamp fever] Leptospirosis (also known as Weil's disease, canicola fever, canefield fever, nanukayami fever or 7-day fever) is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira that affects humans and a wide range of animals, including mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. Leptospirosis is caused by a spirochaete bacterium called Leptospira interrogans that has at least 5 different serovars of importance in the United States causing disease (icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, and bratislava). www.bookrags.com /Leptospirosis   (2690 words)

Untitled Document In another study, 76% of horses with uveitis had a 4-fold or greater difference in antibody titer against Leptospira in their vitreous humor versus their serum, and Leptospira organisms could be isolated from the vitreous humor of 52% of the horses with recurrent uveitis. Leptospira infection has also been suggested to be a cause of abortion in horses. The horses are seropositive to Leptospira, and the fetuses have histopathologic lesions and silver-staining organisms in tissues consistent with Leptospira, but the organism has not been recovered in culture. www.vetmed.wisc.edu /pbs/zoonoses/Leptospira/leptoanimals.html   (751 words)

Use of restriction endonucleases for differentiation of pathogenic & saprophytic leptospires Indian Journal of ... Interpretation & conclusion: The identity of a strain to genus Leptospira could be confirmed by PCR amplification of 482 bp region of 23S rRNA and with further restriction digestion a clear distinction into pathogenic or saprophytic group was achieved with the use of any of these 4 restriction enzymes. Leptospira interrogans serovars bataviae, australis, autumnalis, canicola, copenhageni, hebdomadis, icterohaemorrhagiae, djasmin; Leptospira kirschneri serovars cyanopteri, grippotyphosa; Leptospira santarosai serovars shermani, celledoni; Leptospira weilii serovar sarmin; Leptospira borgpetersenii serovars ballum, javanica and tarassovi; and two standard serovars of saprophytic Leptospira species, viz. Leptospira biflexa serovar patoc and Leptospira meyeri serovar ranarum were obtained from the WHO Collaborating Center, Netherlands and were maintained in Ellinghausen McCollugh Johnson Harris (EMJM) media (Difco, USA). www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3867/is_200211/ai_n9165120   (843 words)

Leptospirosis in Dogs Leptospira gain entrance to the bloodstream through mucous membranes or wounds. As the dog fights the disease by producing antibody, the organisms are cleared from most of the organs, remaining only in the kidneys from which they are shed for weeks or months in the urine. When a vaccine reaction occurs in a dog, it is usually the leptospira extract or the antibiotic preservative that is the cause. www.2ndchance.info /leptospirosis.htm   (1292 words)

Leptospira interrogans Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo (reservoir : Bos taurus Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona (?) (reservoir : Sus scrofa In favorable conditions, leptospira can survive in fresh water for as many as 16 days and in soil for as many as 24 days. focosi.immunesig.org /pathobacteria_interrogans.html   (1629 words)

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Protects against Lethal Leptospira interrogans Serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae Infection and ... Heat-killed Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae strain HAI188-induced cytokine response in periodate-elicited peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 mice. Leptospira cells/ml (Lepto), or 1 µg/ml purified Leptospira LPS in the absence (light bar graph) or presence (dark bar graph) of 50 µg/ml PMB for 16 h. Leptospira (Lepto) cells/ml or 1 ng/ml of Re595 LPS. iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/74/2/887   (4403 words)

ARS | Publication request: Comparative Analysis of Pathogenic Leptospira Genomes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) The Leptospira genome is in a state of flux, as indicated by the presence of many chromosomal rearrangements that alter genetic organization between individual serovars. It is, therefore, somewhat remarkable that at least two Leptospira loci (LPS biosynthetic genes and the S10-spc-alpha ribosomal protein operon) form large, extended operons that are among the longest bacterial operons reported to date. Insertion sequences (IS) are distributed throughout Leptospira genomes contribute to the formation of rearrangements. www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=188696   (333 words)

Disease Listing, Leptospirosis, Update | CDC Bacterial, Mycotic Diseases It is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Leptospira organisms have been found in cattle, pigs, horses, dogs, rodents, and wild animals. Humans become infected through contact with water, food, or soil containing urine from these infected animals. www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/leptospirosis_g.htm   (573 words)

LruA and LruB, Novel Lipoproteins of Pathogenic Leptospira interrogans Associated with Equine Recurrent Uveitis -- ... Recurrent uveitis as a sequela to Leptospira infection is the of Leptospira from ocular fluids of uveitic horses (5, 9, 21). experimentally induced Leptospira infection in the horse and iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/11/7259   (4684 words)

WHO | Leptospira Leptospira are included in the plan of work of the rolling revision of the WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. The GDWQ WG meeting (Geneva, 2004) identified Leptospira as an important omission from chapter 11 of the Third Edition of the GDWQ. The GDWQ WG meeting (Geneva, 2004) agreed to add Leptospira to the rolling revision and agreed on a plan of work. www.who.int /water_sanitation_health/gdwqrevision/leptospira/en/index.html   (171 words)

Modeling of phosphomethyl pyrimidine kinase from Leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 56601  - Bioinformation ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) Leptospirosis caused by Leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 56601 is commonly prevalent in India, China, Japan, Malaysia and Singapore. This is also known as HMP phosphokinase and it catalyses the conversion of 4-amino 2-methyl 5-phosphomethyl pyrimidine to 4-amino 2-methyl 5-hydroxymethyl pyrimidine diphosphate, an intermediary step in the conversion of purine into thiamine [9]. This enzyme is coded by thiD gene (822 bp in length) located on chromosome 1 of Leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 56601 [2, 3]. www.bioinformation.net /1/44-1-2006.htm   (1225 words)

The Leptospira Bacterium: Serovars .:LIC:. The genus Leptospira is an incredibly varied group of organisms, containing hundreds of serovars and genetic types, which can occupy diverse environments, habitats and life cycles. Over the last decade, a lot of DNA work has been done on the leptospira 'family tree' and the one clear outcome is that the serogroups and serovars are often genetically diverse. The serovar tree is established and will probably remain so, but those working with the bacteria now have to deal with two 'somewhat different' ideas of what is related to what. www.leptospirosis.org /bacteria/serovars.php   (571 words)

Leptospira interrogans Activation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Preferential Expansion of ... Leptospira interrogans Activation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Preferential Expansion of TCR{gamma}{delta}+ T Cells vs TCR{alpha}{beta}+ T Cells -- Klimpel et al. Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira peptidoglycans induce the release of tumor necrosis factor Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and Leptospire peptidolglycans induce endothelial cell adhesiveness for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/171/3/1447   (5259 words)

BacMap: Bacterial Genome Atlas Leptospira is an aerobic spirochete, the cause of the harmful disease Leptospirosis, which affects many animals and humans. Leptospira organisms are chemoorganotrophs, using O2 as the electron receptor. Leptospira is a unique pathogen because of its ability to grow at temperatures as low as 11-13°C, though the optimum growth temperature is still between 28°C and 30°C. Leptospira grows best at pH levels between 7.2 and 7.6, preferring an alkaline habitat to acidic (B. Adler et al., 2004). wishart.biology.ualberta.ca /BacMap/cgi/getSpeciesCard.cgi?accession=NC_005823&ref=index_all.html   (397 words)

Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae - WrongDiagnosis.com It is transmitted to humans by the rat and is characterized by hemorrhagic and renal symptoms with accompanying JAUNDICE. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae: Another name for Leptospirosis (or close medical condition association). Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae: Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Bacterial diseases, Zoonotic Diseases, Diseases contagious from contaminated water, Diseases contagious from animals www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/leptospira_icterohaemorrhagiae.htm   (521 words)

HealthGene - Leptospira spp.; Leptospirosis There are 7 pathogenic (capable of causing disease) species of Leptospira but there are more than 200 serovars, which are akin to subspecies and are different enough to be recognized as unique by an animal's immune system. In general, these bacteria become adapted to living in a specific host animal species, which is termed the "maintenance host." Infections in animals of the maintenance host species often cause either mild disease or do not cause disease signs at all because the bacteria and animal have become adapted to living together over many generations. Because it takes time for the animal to mount a complete antibody response to the bacterial invader, diagnosis sometimes requires paired blood samples several weeks apart. www.healthgene.com /vet/d351.asp   (427 words)

Leptospirosis in Dogs The scientific name of the infecting organism is Leptospira interrogans sensu lato. Leptospira bacteria penetrate mucous membranes or abraded skin and multiply rapidly upon entering the blood system. Acutely infected or chronically infected dogs will most likely be shedding Leptospira organisms in their urine. www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=2&cat=1556&articleid=454   (1132 words)

Leptospira - WrongDiagnosis.com Leptospira : genus of aerobic, helical spirochetes, some species of which are pathogenic, others free-living or saprophytic. Leptospira: Another name for Leptospirosis (or close medical condition association). Leptospira: Leptospira is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Bacterial diseases, Zoonotic Diseases, Diseases contagious from contaminated water, Diseases contagious from animals www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/leptospira.htm   (445 words)

Random Insertional Mutagenesis of Leptospira interrogans, the Agent of Leptospirosis, Using a mariner Transposon -- ... Random Insertional Mutagenesis of Leptospira interrogans, the Agent of Leptospirosis, Using a mariner Transposon -- Bourhy et al. to the genomic DNA from Leptospira and as the transposase gene Nutrition of Leptospira pomona and growth of 13 other serotypes: fractionation of oleic albumin complex and a medium of bovine albumin and polysorbate 80. jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/187/9/3255   (2152 words)

Leptospirosis, (Leptospira spp.)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05) Fourfold or greater increase in Leptospira agglutination titer between acute and convalescent-phase serum samples obtained greater than or equal to 2 weeks apart and tested in the same laboratory, OR Demonstration of Leptospira in a clinical specimen by immunofluorescence. A clinically compatible case with Leptospira agglutination titer at least 1:200 in a single specimen. www.state.nj.us /health/cd/cd_leptospirosis.htm   (134 words)

Leptospira Outer Membrane Protein Activates NF-{kappa}B and Downstream Genes Expressed in Medullary Thick Ascending ... Leptospira Outer Membrane Protein Activates NF-{kappa}B and Downstream Genes Expressed in Medullary Thick Ascending Limb Cells -- YANG et al. lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of leptospira (14), by leptospira infection is the infiltration of inflammatory jasn.asnjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/11/2017   (5463 words)

First isolation of Leptospira fainei serovar Hurstbridge from two human patients with Weil's syndrome -- PETERSEN et ... First isolation of Leptospira fainei serovar Hurstbridge from two human patients with Weil's syndrome -- PETERSEN et al. First isolation of Leptospira fainei serovar Hurstbridge from two human patients with Weil's syndrome The Leptospira species was determined by serology, PCR and sequencing jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/50/1/96   (247 words)

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