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Topic: Lesser Caucasus

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	Caucasus Mountains - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain range between the Black and Caspian seas in the Caucasus region, usually considered the southeastern limit of Europe.
		The Greater Caucasus range extends from the Caucasian Natural Reserve in the vicinity of Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea, generally trending east-southeast and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.
		Lesser Caucasus and Armenian Highland constitute the Transcaucasian Highland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caucasus_Mountains (195 words)

	Caucasus (mountains) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain range between the Black and Caspian sea s, often considered the southeastern limit of Europe.
		Caucasus Foundation Publishing social, political, cultural and historical researches as well as news information on the Caucasus.
		Caucasus A set of articles on the society, history, politics and religion of the region.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Caucasus_(mountains).html (568 words)

	Ecosystem Profile: Caucasus
		Twenty-two of the 77 reptiles in the Caucasus are endemic to the region.
		The Lesser Caucasus Mountain Chain rises to the south of this depression, with broadleaf and coniferous forests and alpine meadows and shrublands.
		The Southern Uplands abut the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, characterized by mountain steppe and grasslands.
	www.cepf.net /xp/cepf/where_we_work/caucasus/full_strategy.xml (17380 words)

	Encyclopedia: Georgia (country)
		The southern portion of the country is bounded by the Lesser Caucasus Mountains.
		The Lesser Caucasus Mountains are made up of various, interconnected mountain ranges (largely of volcanic origin) that do not exceed 3,400 meters (approximately 11,000 feet).
		The Lesser Caucasus Mountains partially protect the region from the influence of dry and hot air masses from the south as well.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Georgia-(country) (9306 words)

	Georgia - Geography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Located in the region known as the Caucasus or Caucasia, Georgia is a small country of approximately 69,875 square kilometers--about the size of West Virginia.
		Georgia lies mostly in the Caucasus Mountains, and its northern boundary is partly defined by the Greater Caucasus range.
		The Lesser Caucasus range, which runs parallel to the Turkish and Armenian borders, and the Surami and Imereti ranges, which connect the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus, create natural barriers that are partly responsible for cultural and linguistic differences among regions.
	www.countrystudies.us /georgia/21.htm (360 words)

	National Enviromental Action Plan - Azerbaijan
		The temperate climate dominates the mountain slopes of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus covered by forests and is divided into dry, warm dry, warm wet and cool zones.
		The high mountain ridges and the mountain peaks of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus are alpine and subalpine environments.
		In the Greater Caucasus the forests occupy 48.8 percent of the land, in the Lesser Caucasus 34.2 percent, in Talish mountains 14.5 percent, in the Kyur-Araz lowlands 2.5 percent, and in Nakhchivan 0.5 percent of the land area.
	eco.aznet.org /en.html (825 words)

	Caucasus Mountains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain range betweenthe Black and Caspian seas, often considered the southeastern limit of Europe.
		The Greater Caucasus range extends from the vicinity of Sochi on thenortheastern shore of the Black Sea, generally trending east-southeast and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.
		The Lesser Caucasus runs parallel to the greater range, at a distance averaging about 100 km (60 mi) south.The borders of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan run through the range, although itscrest does not usually define the border.
	www.therfcc.org /caucasus-mountains-27263.html (159 words)

	Ministry of Foreign Affairs
		In the west, beyond the boundary of Azerbaijan, the Greater Caucasus and Lesser Caucasus are bound by the Likh (Suram) range to the east beyond the vast Kur-Araz lowland.
		The Kur-Araz lowland, with the attaching foothills of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, the Samur-Devechi lowland and the Apsheron Peninsula with Gobustan, have the climate of semi-deserts and dry steppes with hot dry summer and mild winter, close to that of subtropical.
		On the grass-lands of the Greater Caucasus, indigenous aurochs and herds of chamois graze.
	www.mfa.gov.az /eng/azer/nature.shtml (4201 words)

	Caucasus Mountains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Islam began advancing into the Caucasus Mountains in the 8th and 9th centuries but also did not become a predominant religion until the first half of the 18th...
		It towers above the entire massif of the Caucasus Mountains and is visible from the plains more than 300 km away.
		Another soldier died and another was wounded when a group of scouts was ambushed near the village of Komsomolskoye in the foothills of the Caucasus mountains.
	caucasus-mountains.wikiverse.org (275 words)

	Active Tectonics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The present-day tectonics of the area are dominated by the motion of Arabian plate northward relative to the Eurasian plate.
		The Geological history of the Caucasus region is complex, and is described by several investigators.
		The initiation of continent-continent collision caused the folding and thrusting of the Greater Caucasus upwards and they are now the highest mountains in the western segment of the Alpine-Himalayan belt.
	www.ggs.org.ge /geolog-acttect.htm (478 words)

	South Caucasus: Region Growing As Hub For International Drug Trafficking
		Corruption, instability, and separatist conflicts are all cited as being behind the region's rise in smuggling.
		He says the industrial South Caucasus area -- which lies at the crossroads of the so-called Balkan Route and its sister "Silk Road Route" linking Afghanistan to Europe through Central Asia -- is important not only as a transit point for drugs, but also as a potential provider of chemicals for Afghan-based heroin producers.
		The so-called Forest Brothers group is suspected of controlling smuggling activities in the area in conjunction with Abkhaz groups and Russian peacekeepers posted on the other side of the demarcation line that separates the province from the rest of Georgia.
	www.payvand.com /news/04/mar/1068.html (1559 words)

	LONG-TERM VISION ON BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE IN THE CAUCASUS ECOREGION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Caucasus Region is one of the WWF Global 200 Ecoregions.
		The Caucasus is a region of natural contrasts, and is composed of the several prominent elements.
		Neophron percnopterus) are endangered in the Caucasus Ecoregion.
	www.acnet.ge /natural_resources/4.htm (2535 words)

	Caucasus Mountains - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The abode of snow: Observations on a journey from Chinese Tibet to the India Caucasus, through the upper valleys of the Himalaya (Exotic travel)
		Allah's Mountains: Politics and War in the Russian Caucasus.
		Species at risk: status and distribution of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in Turkey and the Caucasus Mountains.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /caucasus_mountains.htm (248 words)

	Geography of Azerbaijan - Azerb.com
		To the northeast, bordering Russia's Dagestan Autonomous Republic, is the Greater Caucasus range; to the west, bordering Armenia, is the Lesser Caucasus range.
		The Kura, the longest river in the Caucasus region rises in Georgia and flows southeast, forms the delta and drains into the Caspian a short distance downstream from the confluence with the Aras.
		Heaviest precipitation occurs in the highest elevations of the Caucasus and in the Lenkoran' Lowlands in the far southeast, where the yearly average exceeds 1,000 millimeters.
	www.travel-images.com /az-geog.html (1116 words)

	Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Georgia is a largely mountainous, well-forested country in the Caucasus region to the east of the Black Sea.
		Georgia, located in the Caucasus Mountains and on the east coast of the Black Sea, is bounded by Russia on the north and by Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Turkey on the south.
		The Lesser Caucasus mountains occupy the southern part of the country and are mostly below 3 000 m.
	www.thewoodexplorer.com /Country%20Data/Georgia/home.php (414 words)

	51 globally threatened species get new lease on life in the Caucasus
		The Caucasus "ecoregion" is globally outstanding for its biodiversity.
		The WWF Caucasus Programme coordinated an intensive process to develop the CEPF strategy, known as an ecosystem profile, for the Caucasus.
		The WWF Caucasus Programme works to stop the degradation of the natural environment in the Caucasus and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-05/ci-5gt052104.php (746 words)

	WWF Newsroom
		The Caucasus leopard was thought to have disappeared from the Caucasus region in the 1960s, and the absence of surveys until the end of 20th century did not allow an accurate evaluation of these extremely secretive, cautious, and highly mobile large cats.
		Investigations conducted as part of the WWF Caucasus project â” âLeopard Conservation in the Caucasus Ecoregionâ â” show that 20â“23 leopards survive in the Lesser Caucasus Mountain Chain and Talysh Mountains of south Caucasus.
		The long-term goal of the project is to conserve the Caucasus leopard in its historical range.
	www.panda.org /news_facts/newsroom/other_news/news.cfm?uNewsID=5421 (431 words)

	DAGESTAN: THE STORM PART I - THE ?INVASION? OF AVARISTAN
		Having expelled terrorist bandit formations from Tsumadinskiy and Botlikhskiy rayony and as a result of the continued concern of the Federal authorities and of the republic government in Makhachkala, the way was clear for military action to be initiated against the Wahhabi groups in the villages of Kadar, Karamakhi and Chabanmakhi on 29 August 1999.
		The actions of the Federal Centre are cloaked by a miasma of questions, uncertainties and suspicions, the origins and substance of which are obscured by rumour, half-truth and myth, in turn resulting in speculation and theories of conspiracy.
		This is because of the relatively large population in the existing constituencies compared to elsewhere in the North Caucasus, as well as the ethnic mix.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/2000/p30-cwb.htm (12026 words)

	27/1/2003 -- GEORGIA: WWF Champions Caucasus Leopard
		Investigations conducted as part of the WWF Caucasus leopard conservation project found that 20 to 23 leopards survive in the Lesser Caucasus Mountain Chain and Talysh Mountains of south Caucasus.
		The goal of the WWF project is to conserve the Caucasus leopard in its historical range.
		WWF Caucasus hopes that the project will secure effective protection of valuable leopard habitat and migratory routes, reduce poaching, and help leopard populations begin their recovery.
	www.forests.org /articles/reader.asp?linkid=19662 (763 words)

	Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park
		The Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park is located in central Georgia and is part of the lesser Caucasus.
		The park is one of the largest in Europe - it covers more than 76,000 hectares of native forest and sub-alpine and alpine meadows, home to rare species of flora and fauna.
		In addition to the untouched beauty of the National Park, the surrounding villages are rich with medieval history, cottage industries and legendary Georgian hospitality.
	www.borjomi-kharagauli-np.ge (92 words)

	CENTRAL ASIA - CAUCASUS ANALYST
		In fact in the Caucasus where equally vital Turkish interests are at stake this works exactly the other way.
		Inasmuch as Azerbaijan, the key state for Turkey and perhaps to a somewhat lesser degree America, is on the imminent verge of a regime change, harmony among the two allies is critical.
		Azerbaijan is already a highly stressed state with one of the greatest refugee populations in the world after the conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh, a war that has no political resolution in sight.
	www.cacianalyst.org /view_article.php?articleid=1654 (1024 words)

	MBG: Photo Essays: Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species from the Republic of Georgia
		The Republic of Georgia is one of six countries that are home to the Caucasus Mountains; the Greater Caucasus extend through the northern parts of Georgia and the Lesser Caucasus, through the southern regions of the country.
		Conservation International recently designated the Caucasus as one of its 25 global "biodiversity hotspots" because of the area's exceptional number of endemic species (those found nowhere else) and the high degree of threat to those species.
		The number of endemic vascular plant species in the Caucasus approaches 1600 (0.5% of the world's 300,000 plant species) and only ten percent of the region's natural vegetation remains¹.
	www.mobot.org /mobot/photoessays/intro.asp?fldrloc=georgia (383 words)

	Geography of Azerbaijan - Physical Environment, Topography, Climate, and Environmental Problems
		(The status of Nagorno-Karabakh was under negotiation in 1994.) Located in the region of the southern Caucasus Mountains, Azerbaijan borders the Caspian Sea to the east, Georgia and Russia to the north, Iran to the south, and Armenia to the southwest and west.
		Eight large rivers flow down from the Caucasus ranges into the central Kura-Aras lowlands, alluvial flatlands and low delta areas along the seacoast designated by the Azerbaijani name for the Mtkvari River and its main tributary, the Aras.
		The Mtkvari, the longest river in the Caucasus region, forms the delta and drains into the Caspian a short distance downstream from the confluence with the Aras.
	www.worldfacts.us /Azerbaijan-geography.htm (915 words)

	European Bison Biogeography
		There are two subspecies — the lowland bison (Bison bonasus bonasus) and the highland or Caucasus bison (Bison bonasus caucasus), yet there are no remaining pure Caucasus stock-- they were intermixed with lowland bison and, in some cases, the American bison (Bison bison) before they went extinct in the wild.
		The Caucasus subspecies is made up of about 2,200 animals, roughly half of which are wild.
		The ancient forest lies in a flat, moist region consisting of 26 species of trees, 55 species of shrubs, 14 species dwarf shrubs, and 62 species of mammals, of which wolves and lynx are important predators of young and weak bison.
	www.sfsu.edu /~geog/bholzman/courses/316projects/bison.html (2302 words)

	Caucasus
		The Caucasus biodiversity hotspot spans 500,000 square kilometers of mountains in Eurasia between the Black and Caspian seas, including Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan and small portions of Russia, Iran and Turkey.
		The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) strategy for this hotspot is based on the results of stakeholder workshops and background reports coordinated by the WWF Caucasus Programme.
		As a result, CEPF investment in the Caucasus is focused on conserving the hotspot's globally threatened species, the majority of which are found in specific sites in five target conservation corridors: Greater Caucasus, Caspian, West Lesser Caucasus, East Lesser Caucasus and Hyrcan.
	www.cepf.net /xp/cepf/where_we_work/caucasus/caucasus_info.xml (408 words)

	Caucasus Mountains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Up at Shamil's grave, watched over by the snow-capped Caucasus mountains, the family take Leila in her pram to visit her departed brother.
		He wound up his trading empire and took his young son to Dombai, a Russian ski resort in the Caucasus mountains where he laid low and ran a hotel.
		Georgia is south of the Caucasus Mountains, east of the Black Sea and northeast of Turkey, but is considered part of Europe.
	www.wikiverse.org /caucasus-mountains (323 words)

	Armenia the Society and Its Environment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Twenty-five million years ago, a geological upheaval pushed up the earth's crust to form the Armenian Plateau, creating the complex topography of modern Armenia.
		The Lesser Caucasus range extends through northern Armenia, runs southeast between Lake Sevan and Azerbaijan, then passes roughly along the Armenian-Azerbaijani border to Iran.
		Elevations in the Lesser Caucasus vary between 2,640 and 3,280 meters.
	www.country-studies.com /armenia/the-society-and-its-environment.html (446 words)

	WWF Newsroom
		According to WWF, the project threatens to destroy at least 30ha of the reserveâs territory and will inevitably lead to deforestation of some of Armenia's unique virgin oak forests.
		â¢ The Caucasus leopard (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica) is the most critically endangered species in the Caucasus ecoregion.
		A rapid investigation conducted through WWF support has shown that about 20 leopards survive in the Lesser Caucasus Mountain Chain and Talysh Mountains.
	www.panda.org /news_facts/newsroom/other_news/news.cfm?uNewsID=20430&uLangID=1 (346 words)

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