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Topic: Lesser Scythia

	Scythia - LoveToKnow 1911
		These tribes raised wheat, presumably in the river valleys, and sold it for export; in the eastern half from west to east were Georgi (perhaps the same as Aroteres) between the Ingul and the Borysthenes (Dnieper), nomad Scyths and Royal Scyths between the Borysthenes and the Tanais (Don).
		On the lower Don and Volga we have the Sauromatae, and on the middle course of the Volga the Budini with the great wooden town of Gelonus and its semi-Greek inhabitants.
		To the south of Scythia the Crimean mountains were inhabited by a non-Sythic race, the Tauri.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Scythia (4517 words)

	Scythia - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia
		In Classical Antiquity, Scythia (Greek S????a) was the area in Eurasia inhabited by the Scythians, from the 8th century BC to the 2nd century AD.
		Scythia's social development at the end of the fifth and in the fourth century BC involved its privileged stratum into trade with Greeks, efforts to control this trade, and consequences partly stemming from these two: aggressive external policy, intensified exploitation of dependent population, progressing stratification among the nomadic rulers.
		Scythia was the first state north of the Black Sea to collapse with the invasion of the Goths in the 2nd century AD (see Oium).
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=Scythia (1931 words)

	tomis - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Tomis (also called Tomi) was a Greek colony in the province of Scythia on the Black Sea's shore, founded around 500 BC for commercial exchanges with local Dacian populations.
		In AD 8, here Ovid was banished by Augustus and died there eight years later, celebrating the town of Tomis in his poems.
		The city was afterwards included in the Province of Moesia, and, from the time of Diocletian, in Scythia Minor, of which it was the metropolis.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Tomis (155 words)

	Scythia and the Scythians - Encyclopedia of Ukraine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		According to Herodotus Greater Scythia occupied a large rectangle of land extending nearly 700 km (20 days travel) from the Danube River in the west across the Black Sea coast and steppe region of what is today Ukraine to the lower Don Basin in the east.
		The steppe of Southern Ukraine was occasionally referred to as Scythia (Skufia and Great Skuf in the Primary Chronicle) and Sarmatia until the Igth century.
		The bellicose Scythians were often in conflict with their neighbors, particularly the Thracians in the west and the *Sarmatians in the east.
	www.brama.com /news/press/001022scythian_history.html (1968 words)

	The United Goths
		Thence the victors hastened to the farthest part of Scythia, which is near the sea of Pontus; for so the story is generally told in their early songs, in almost historic fashion.
		This land, I say,--namely, Scythia, stretching far and spreading wide,--has on the east the Seres, a race that dwelt at the very beginning of their history on the shore of the Caspian Sea.
		In the midst of Scythia is the place that separates Asia and Europe, I mean the Rhipaeian mountains, from which the mighty Tanais flows.
	www.earth-history.com /Europe/Goths/jordanes-goths-03-united.htm (5499 words)

	Teranodon visioneering on "Scythia" article from Encyclopedia B..., vol XXIV, 11th edition (1910-11)
		In western Scythia, starting from Olbia and going northwards, we have Callippidae on the lower Hypanis (Bug), Alazones where the Tyars (Dniester) and Hypanis come near each other in their middle courses, and Aroteres ("Ploughmen") above them.
		To the south of Scythia the Crimean mountains were inhabited by a non-Scythic race, the Tauri.
		About 512 B.C. Darius, having conquered Thrace, made an invasion of Scythia, which, according to the account of Herodotus, he crossed as far as the Oarus, a river identified with the Volga, burned the town of Gelonus and returned in sixty days.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/4123/eb11scyt.htm (4694 words)

	Gutenkarte » History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empir... » Scythia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Amber was brought over land from the shores of the Baltic to the Danube; and the barbarians were astonished at the price which they received in exchange for so useless a commodity.
		Scythia extended from the Baltic Sea to the Lake Aral: the people enclosed in the angle to the north-east, between Celtica and Scythia, were called Celto- Scythians, and the Sarmatians were placed in the southern part of that angle.
		In a moment of discontent against the court of Rome, Charles the Twelfth insinuated, that his victorious troops were not degenerated from their brave ancestors, who had already subdued the mistress of the world.
	gutenkarte.org /place/731/14908 (1850 words)

	The Dimensions of the Black Sea
		Before proceeding further in the analysis of the structure of the geodetic square of Scythia, it is necessary to consider the dimensions of the Black Sea, because these indicate how the geodetic square was linked with the other basic geographic points of the ancient world.
		The distance is measured from the very tip which is exactly at 45°12’N, 36°38’E and, therefore, is on the base of the geodetic square of Scythia and also 4° to the east of the basic meridian 32°38’E, the Eastern Axis of Egypt.
		Since Scythia was mapped taking Daskyleion as a benchmark, it may be inferred that the planning of the operations against Scythia was entrusted to the satrap of Daskyleion.
	www.metrum.org /mapping/dimensions.htm (2089 words)

	CHAPTER - INVASION BY ATTILA
		Their son, who was enrolled almost in his infancy in the guards, was given as a hostage, first to Alaric, and afterwards to the Huns; and he successively obtained the civil and military honors of the palace, for which he was equally qualified by superior merit.
		The kings and nations of Germany and Scythia, from the Volga perhaps to the Danube, obeyed the warlike summons of Attila.
		After the mutual and repeated discharge of missile weapons, in which the archers of Scythia might signalize their superior dexterity, the cavalry and infantry of the two armies were furiously mingled in closer combat.
	www.godrules.net /library/gibbon/82gibbon_c9.htm (8461 words)

	The origin and deeds of the Goths 2/5
		Here they were delighted with the great richness of the country, and it is said that when half the army had been brought over, the bridge where by they had crossed the river fell in utter ruin, nor could anyone thereafter pass to or fro.
		Now Ablabius the historian relates that in Scythia, where we have said that they were dwelling above an arm of the Pontic Sea, part of them who held the eastern region and whose king was Ostrogotha, were called Ostrogoths, that is, eastern Goths, either from his name or from the place.
		They returned to their tribe, told them what had happened, praised Scythia and persuaded the people to hasten thither along the way they had found by the guidance of the doe.
	www.boudicca.de /jordanes2-e.htm (10163 words)

	[No title]
		This part of the Goths, which is said to have crossed 28 the river and entered with Filimer into the country of Oium, came into possession of the desired land, and there they soon came upon the race of the Spali, joined battle with them and won the victory.
		This land, I say,--namely, Scythia, 31 stretching far and spreading wide,--has on the east the Seres, a race that dwelt at the very beginning of their history on the shore of the Caspian Sea.
		In the land of Scythia to the westward dwells, first of 33 all, the race of the Gepidae, surrounded by great and famous rivers.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/4/8/0/14809/14809.txt (23581 words)

	Esoteric Christianity The Lesser Mysteries -- Global Library Online
		But the Lesser Mysteries the partial unveiling of deep truths, can even now be restored, and such a volume as the present is intended to outline these, and to show the nature of the teachings which have to be mastered.
		The Mysteries of Egypt were the glory of that ancient land, and the noblest sons of Greece, such as Plato, went to Sais and to Thebes to be initiated by Egyptian Teachers of Wisdom.
		And such explanation is the unveiling of the Lesser Mysteries, the mystic teaching which is permitted to be given to the world.
	www.global.org /Pub/AB_Esoteric_Christianity.asp (17871 words)

	3rd Trumpet
		He alone, among the conquerors of ancient and modern times, united the two mighty kingdoms of Germany and Scythia; and those vague appellations, when they are applied to his reign, may be understood with an ample latitude.
		Thuringia, which stretched beyond its actual limits as far as the Danube, was in the number of his provinces; he interposed, with the weight of a powerful neighbor, in the domestic affairs of the Franks; and one of his lieutenants chastised, and almost exterminated, the Burgundians of the Rhine.
		The Trumpet sounded; and "the kings and nations of Germany and Scythia, from the Volga perhaps to the Danube, obeyed the warlike summons of Attila.
	www.lightministries.com /SDA/id223.htm (5746 words)

	APPADOCIA, Anatolian Achaemenid satrapy, Hellenistic﷓era Iranian kingdom, and imperial Roman province
		Subordinate to the satrap were a series of lesser officers about whom little is known.
		Most of the lesser officers Cyrus found at Tyana were no doubt local nobles, holders of estates.
		Filial treachery made him the object of attack by Artaxerxes' forces from Lydia and the east (e.g., Nepos, Datames 7), but he was left in power until he was murdered (e.g., Nepos, Datames 9-11), though his satrapy was damaged by renewed invasion and banditry.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v4f7/v4f7a033.html (4977 words)

	Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. 6 ToC: The Online Library of Liberty
		Thuringia, which stretched beyond its actual limits as far as the Danube, was in the number of his provinces; he interposed, with the weight of a powerful neighbour, in the domestic affairs of the Franks; and one of his lieutenants chastised, and almost exterminated, the Burgundians of the Rhine.
		Maximin and his colleagues were stopped on the threshold, till they had made a devout libation to the health and prosperity of the king of the Huns; and were conducted, after this ceremony, to their respective seats in a spacious hall.
		Their son, who was enrolled almost in his infancy in the guards, was given as a hostage, first to Alaric, and afterwards to the Huns; and he successively obtained the civil and military honours of the palace, for which he was equally qualified by superior merit.
	oll.libertyfund.org /Home3/HTML-voice.php?recordID=0214.06 (16648 words)

	Jordanes - Latin & English - First half
		In the midst of Scythia is the place that separates Asia and Europe, I mean the Central Russian Upland, from which the mighty Don flows.
		In qua Scythia prima ab occidente gens residet Gepidarum, quae magnis opinatisque ambitur fluminibus.
		Gothorum mansione prima in Scythiae solo juxta paludem Maeotidem, secunda in Moesia Thraciaque et Dacia, tertia supra mare Ponticum rursus in Scythis legimus habitasse:
	www.harbornet.com /folks/theedrich/Goths/Goths1.htm (15226 words)

	Happy Dogs Clup, The biggest dog resource center,breeds,cloths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This disposition required the displacement of former Sarmatians and Huns from Illyricum within it.
		The Sciri, the Sadagarii and part of the Alans were given Scythia Minor and Lower Moesia under a leader, Candac.
		Hernac settled in Lesser Scythia also (Bulgaria) with some of the Huns then fleeing Pannonia.
	www.happydogsclup.com /sdmc_Jordanes (2555 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Notitia Dignitatum (Register of Dignitaries), c. 400
		The second squadron of Armenians, in the lesser Oasis.
		[] The "lesser* register " was the list of lower military officers and their commands, which was in charge sometimes of the quaestor and sometimes of the bureau of memorials, under the master of the offices.
		The duke of Scythia is entitled to five post-warrants in the year.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/notitiadignitatum.html (5642 words)

	The origin and deeds of the Goths 4/5
		Hernac, the younger son of Attila, with his followers, chose a home in the most distant part of Lesser Scythia.
		Emnetzur and Ultzindur, kinsmen of his, won Oescus and Utus and Almus in Dacia on the bank of the Danube, and many of the Huns, then swarming everywhere, betook themselves into Romania, and from them the Sacromontisi and the Fossatisii of this day are said to be descended.
		The remnant turned in flight and sought the parts of Scythia which border on the stream of the river Danaper, which the Huns call in their own tongue the Var.
	www.boudicca.de /jordanes4-e.htm (6919 words)

	SCYTHIA (Gr. EKuOia) - Online Information article about SCYTHIA (Gr. EKuOia)
		In accordance with this we can give the relative positions of the various tribes, and an excursus on the rivers (47–57) lets us define their actual seats.
		Cimmerii; the nature of the country makes it probable that some of them were nomads, while others no doubt tilled some land in the river valleys and in the Crimea, where they See also:
		Darius, having conquered Thrace, made an invasion of Scythia, which, according to the account of Herodotus, he crossed as far as the Oarus, a river identified with the Volga, burned the town of Gelonus and returned in sixty days.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /SCY_SHA/SCYTHIA_Gr_EKuOia_.html (6349 words)

	McGraw-Hill AccessScience: Emerald
		Emerald is rarer than diamond and may have a value thousands of times that of gold.
		Colombian emeralds are prized for their exceptional color, clarity, and carats, as are those from Afghanistan, and to a lesser extent Zambia and Russia.
		The mineralogical and gemological properties that are normally used to determine the origin of emeralds are their optical features (refractive indices and birefringence), density, adsorption spectra (ultraviolet and near-infrared), internal characteristics (growth phenomena and solid and fluid inclusions), and chemical composition.
	www.accessscience.com /ResUpdates/2002/YB_020285_frameset.html?doi (283 words)

	[No title]
		Their poverty was incurable; since the most liberal donatives were soon dissipated in wasteful luxury, and the most fertile estates became barren in their hands; they despised, but they envied, the laborious provincials; and when their subsistence had failed, the Ostrogoths embraced the familiar resources of war and rapine.
		It had been the wish of Theodoric (such at least was his declaration) to lead a peaceful, obscure, obedient life on the confines of Scythia, till the Byzantine court, by splendid and fallacious promises, seduced him to attack a confederate tribe of Goths, who had been engaged in the party of Basiliscus.
		He marched from his station in Maesia, on the solemn assurance that before he reached Adrianople, he should meet a plentiful convoy of provisions, and a reenforcement of eight thousand horse and thirty thousand foot, while the legions of Asia were encamped at Heraclea to second his operations.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext96/4dfre10.txt (17050 words)

	The Divided Ostrogoths
		Paria, the father of my father Alanoviiamuth (that is to say, my grandfather), was secretary to this Candac as long as he lived.
		There were other Goths also, called the Lesser, a great people whose priest and primate was Vulfila, who is said to have taught them to write.
		He sustained their attack, though he had but few supporters, and after harassing them a long time, so utterly overwhelmed them that scarcely any portion of the enemy remained.
	www.earth-history.com /Europe/Goths/jordanes-goths-08-divided.htm (6960 words)

	DECLINE & FALL
		The Gothic historian ingenuously confesses that Aetius was born for the salvation of the Roman republic; (5) and the following portrait, though it is drawn in the fairest colours, must be allowed to contain a much larger proportion of truth than of flattery.
		If the modesty of Sidonius had not discouraged him from the prosecution of this interesting work,(31) the historian could have related with the simplicity of truth those memorable events to which the poet, in vague and doubtful metaphors, has concisely alluded.
		The popular traditions of Comum, Turin, or Modena may justly be respected; yet they concur with more authentic evidence to prove that Attila spread his ravages over the rich plains of modern Lombardy, which are divided by the Po, and bounded by the Alps and Apennine.
	matrix.csustan.edu /XLib/History/Decline/volume1/chap35.htm (8644 words)

	John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible
		The countries of Jagog and Magog, according to the Arabic geographer {x}, are surrounded by Mount Caucasus, which Bochart {y} conjectures has its name from thence; it being in the Semi-Chaldee language, the language of the Colchi and Armenians, Noxgwg, "Gog-hasan," or Gog's fortress.
		the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal: some render it, "prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal"; taking Rosh, as the rest, for the name of a place, a part of Scythia, from whence the Russians came, and had their name.
		So it is rendered by the Septuagint, Symmachus, and Theodotion; and some later Greek writers {b} make mention of a country called Ros, which, they say, is a Scythian nation, situated between the Euxine Pontus and the whole maritime coast to the north of Taurus, a people fierce and wild.
	eword.gospelcom.net /comments/ezekiel/gill/ezekiel38.htm (2515 words)

	Origo Constantini Imperatoris The Lineage of the Emperor Constantine
		As Constantine was eagerly pushing on, he learned that Licinius had remained behind him; and just then, when his men were worn out from fighting and marching, Mestrianus was sent to him as an envoy, to propose peace in the name of Licinius, who promised to do as he was bidden.
		Then Constantine, having returned to Serdica, arranged with Licinius, who was elsewhere, that Crispus and Constantinus, sons of Constantine, and Licinius, son of Licinius, should be made Caesars, and that thus the rule should be carried on in harmony by both emperors.
		Constantine was also the first Christian emperor, with the exception of Philippus who seemed to me to have become a Christian merely in order that the one-thousandth year of Rome might be dedicated to Christ rather than to pagan idols.
	www.constantinethegreatcoins.com /Constantine/Origo.html (2451 words)

	County Constanţa
		A number of inscriptions found in the town and its vicinity show that Constanţa lies where once Tomis stood.
		Tomis (also called Tomi) was a Greek colony in the province of Scythia on the Black Sea's shore, founded around 500 BC for commercial exchanges with local Daco-Getic populations.
		After the split of the Roman Empire, Tomis fell under the rule of Byzantine Empire.
	www.restromania.com /Geografie/CountyConstanta.htm (2097 words)

	jolt.co.uk public forums - View Profile: Lesser Scythia
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	forums.jolt.co.uk /member.php?u=553440 (112 words)

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