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Topic: Lesser trochanter

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	II. Osteology. 6c. 3. The Femur. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The Lesser Trochanter (trochanter minor; small trochanter) is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects; it projects from the lower and back part of the base of the neck.
		Running obliquely downward and medialward from the summit of the greater trochanter on the posterior surface of the neck is a prominent ridge, the intertrochanteric crest.
		The other two borders of the femur are only slightly marked: the lateral border extends from the antero-inferior angle of the greater trochanter to the anterior extremity of the lateral condyle; the medial border from the intertrochanteric line, at a point opposite the lesser trochanter, to the anterior extremity of the medial condyle.
	www.bartleby.com /107/59.html (5194 words)

	[No title]
		The presenting symptoms of a fracture of the lesser trochanter, regardless of etiology, include pain in the groin and pain-induced weakness of flexion of the hip when tested with the patient in the supine or standing position.
		In all four patients, the clinical presentation of the lesion was similar to that of a metastatic tumor in that it was characterized by a sudden or insidious onset of pain in the groin without antecedent acute trauma or strenuous exercise.
		Distinction between apophyseal avulsion of the lesser trochanter and pathological fracture through the lesser trochanter entails a detailed workup that must include consideration of age, medical history, the mechanism of injury, and the shape of the lesser trochanteric fragment on radiographs.
	www.jbjs.org /Image_Quiz/feb01qz1answ2.shtml (1128 words)

	Trochanter definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Trochanter: One of the bony prominences toward the near end of the thigh bone (the femur).
		The lesser trochanter: A pyramidal prominence projecting from the proximal (near) and medial (inside) part of the shaft of the femur.
		The lesser trochanter is alternatively called the minor trochanter, the inner trochanter and the medial process of the femur.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10448 (291 words)

	Hip Anatomy-Biomechanics
		We feel that the intertrochanteric region of the hip is important for long-term fixation and stability, while the diaphyseal region distal to the lesser trochanter is principally important for initial fixation and stability of the components.
		Therefore, the distribution of cancellous bone is limited to an area proximal to the inferior margin of the lesser trochanter and the lateral flare at the base of the greater trochanter.
		The anteversion has already begun at the level of the lesser trochanter, continues throughout the intertrochanteric region, and is completed in the anteversion of the femoral neck.
	aboutjoints.com /physicianinfo/topics/anatomyhip/biomechanicship.htm (7157 words)

	The Bones of the Lower Limb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The neck is limited laterally by the greater trochanter and is narrowest in diameter at its middle.
		The greater trochanter lies laterally, close to the skin, and can be easily palpated on the lateral side of the thigh.
		Because it is the most lateral point of the hip region, the greater trochanter cause you discomfort when you lie on your side on a hard surface.
	www.geocities.com /medinotes/lowrbone.htm (1969 words)

	The Femur - Wikimd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Trochanters—The trochanters are prominent processes which afford leverage to the muscles that rotate the thigh on its axis.
		Running obliquely downward and medialward from the summit of the greater trochanter on the posterior surface of the neck is a prominent ridge, the intertrochanteric crest Its upper half forms the posterior border of the greater trochanter, and its lower half runs downward and medialward to the lesser trochanter.
		From the upper three-fourths of this surface the Vastus intermedius arises; the lower fourth is separated from the muscle by the intervention of the synovial membrane of the knee-joint and a bursa; from the upper part of it the Articularis genu takes origin.
	www.wikimd.org /index.php?title=The_Femur (5103 words)

	The Anatomic Relationship of the Sciatic Nerve to the Lesser Trochanter: Implications for Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block ...
		lesser trochanter and at 1-cm intervals inferior to the lesser
		the lesser trochanter, the sciatic nerve was medial to the femoral
		trochanter, the sciatic nerve was medial to the femur in 19
	www.anesthesia-analgesia.org /cgi/content/abstract/95/4/1071 (538 words)

	Coventry Pain Clinic - Joint Pain - Hip (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Gluteus Medius is the main hip abductor, and its tendon attaches to the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter.
		Gluteus Minimus is a lesser hip abductor and also produces some internal rotation.
		It may also be worth injecting the lesser trochanter insertion point at the same time.
	www.coventrypainclinic.org.uk /jointpain-hip.htm (1505 words)

	Fractures and Dislocations of the Hip Joint
		The greater trochanter projects above the top of the femur, and a lesser trochanter is present on the medial aspect of the femur below the femoral neck.The trochanteric fossa is located between the femoral neck and the greater trochanter caudal to the ridge of bone connecting the two.
		The greater trochanter of the dog normally lies about two thirds of the way from the crest of the wing of the ilium to the ischial tuberosity, with the greater trochanter in line or below a line drawn from the dorsum of the crest of the ilium to the point of the ischial tuberosity.
		The greater trochanter appears to be absent on palpation because of its ventral medial position.
	www.ivis.org /special_books/ortho/chapter_28/28mast.asp (6839 words)

	[No title]
		(iliopsoas m.)trochanteric fossaa depression on the medial side of the greater trochanter on its posterior surface where the greater trochanter joins the neckit is the insertion site of the obturator internus m., superior gemellus m.
		and inferior gemellus m.intertrochanteric linea ridge on the anterior surface of the femur that connects the greater and lesser trochantersit is the line of attachment of the fibrous joint capsuleintertrochanteric cresta heavy ridge on the posterior surface of the femur that connects the greater and lesser trochantersthe quadratus femoris m.
		passes inferior to the neck of the femur to reach its insertion siteobturator internusthe internal surface of the obturator membrane and margin of the obturator foramen greater trochanter on its medial surface above the trochanteric fossalaterally rotates and abducts the thighnerve to the obturator internus m.obturator a.the obturator internus m.
	www.uams.edu /m2004/gross_tables/10-31.doc (945 words)

	Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery: three-dimensional microstructure of the calcar femorale, The (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Since then, several papers have been published on its anatomy, radiology, and microscopic observation.2,3,4 Now it is clear that the calcar femorale is an intraosseous plate of bone radiating laterally from the medial cortex toward the gluteal tuberosity, and along the long axis of the proximal femur.
		The X-ray film of the calcar femorale cross section shows that it projects from anterior-medial cortex of the lesser trochanter region, extends posterior-- laterally, and intermingles with the trabeculae of the greater trochanter.
		At the middle region of the lesser trochanter the calcar femorale extends laterally, so the whole calcar femorale has a twisted angle of 16 deg.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3794/is_199806/ai_n8807586 (1304 words)

	The hip joint
		The greater trochanter is in line with the shaft, while the lesser trochanter projects posteromedially from the posterior surface just below the junction of neck and shaft.
		The iliacus muscle arises from the iliac fossa and converges to insert into the lesser trochanter.
		The psoas major muscle arises from the transverse processes of the twelfth thoracic and all of the lumbar vertebrae, and inserts on the lesser trochanter together with the iliacus muscle.
	www.med.mun.ca /anatomyts/msk/hip.htm (1208 words)

	Femur page
		A ridge of bone extends from the greater to the lesser
		TROCHANTER: Trochanter is from the Greek word trokhanter which was orginally used in anatomy as a name for the globular head of the femur.
		Later, the usage of the term slipped down the neck of the femoral head and became applied to the lateral and medial (greater and lesser) processes.
	www.vet.purdue.edu /courses/bms/Osteology1/Canine/Femur/Femur.htm (533 words)

	Hip and Leg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		a) Iliacus: medial surface of ilium; femur distal to lesser trochanter and tendon fused with that of psoas major; flexes hip and/or lumbar spine.
		Gluteus medius: anterior iliac crest and lateral surface of ilium; greater tochanter of femur; abduction and medial rotation of femur at hip joint.
		Gluteus minimus: lateral surface of ilium; greater trochanter of femur; abduction and medial rotation at hip joint.
	www.innvista.com /health/anatomy/hip.htm (503 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In your specimen note the large bursa between the gluteus maximus muscle and the greater trochanter.
		This muscle originates from the surface of the ilium and inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur.
		superior and inferior gemelli (the twins) originate from the margins of the lesser sciatic foramen and insert into the tendon of obturator internus.
	www.umanitoba.ca /academic/faculties/medicine/anatomy/bmr/LAB04.htm (1600 words)

	Back.com - Causes - Trauma - Musculoskeletal Injuries
		Origins at the transverse processes and vertebral bodies of T12-L5 and insertions at the lesser trochanter of the femur.
		Originates at the anterior margin of the iliac crest and inserts at the lesser trochanter of the femur.
		Muscle spasms usually signal irritation of the lower back, and often the injury can be treated conservatively with rest, ice and over-the-counter pain medicine.
	www.back.com /causes-trauma-musculoskeletal.html (317 words)

	SCIATIC NERVE BLOCK: A NEW APPROACH -- Chowdary and Splinter 50 (Supplement 1): 51 -- Canadian Journal of Anesthesia
		simple measurable landmarks at the level of lesser trochanter.
		We measured location of sciatic nerve at the lesser trochanter
		of the lesser trochanter posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
	www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/50/suppl_1/A51 (514 words)

	The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
		Avulsion Fracture of the Lesser Trochanter of the Femur: What is the Differential Diagnosis?
		These radiographs represent an unusual cause of avulsion fracture of the lesser trochanter of the femur.
		What are the two most frequent causes of avulsion fracture of the lesser trochanter of the femur?
	www.jbjs.org /Image_Quiz/feb01quiz1.shtml (60 words)

	Proximal Femoral Shaft Fractures - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- consider nail if frx is 2.5 cm distal to lesser troch, or even more proximal fractures if the lesser trochanter is intact;
		- femoral recon nails are required w/ comminution of the lesser troch;
		- in subtrochanteric fractures, esp when the lesser trochanter is still attached to the proximal fragment, reduction
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/proximal_femoral_shaft_fractures (331 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		On a specimen also identify the sacrospinous ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament (N 331).
		These ligaments convert the greater and lesser sciatic notches into greater and lesser sciatic foramina.
		Note the sacroiliac joint (N 331) and on the specimen look for the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments.
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/medicine/anatomy/bmr/LAB4.htm (1602 words)

	femur
		The greater trochanter is the most lateral and the lesser trochanter is posteromedial.
		IAA relating to trochanters: same as above, only with related muslces.
		A pectineus muscle inserts just distal to the lesser trochanter.
	www.uchsc.edu /sm/chs/ngi/assets/asset_femur.html (1486 words)

	Hip screws - Stress Fxs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Does anyone on the list know of any references regarding the placement of cannulated hip screws above/below the lesser trochanter as it relates to the risk of subsequent subtroch fracture?
		i know placement should be above the lesser trochanter but i have been unable to find evidence to support this.
		Reported 20% incidence of fracture if screws are placed too low, below the lesser trochanter, or with un-filled drill holes there too.
	www.hwbf.org /hwb/conf/talb1/talb.htm (107 words)

	Lecture Notes - Anterior & Medial Thigh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Pubis - inferior pubic ramus, body & pecten
		Pectineal line - posterior femur inferolateral to lesser trochanter
		Adductor tubercle - for hamstring part of adductor magnus
	med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/limbs/thigh_lecture.html (157 words)

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