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Topic: Leuconostoc

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Leuconostoc citreum (Leuconostoc amelibiosum) The L. citreum species was initially included in L. mesenteroides and was differentiated on the basis of DNA sequence analysis.
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides disappears followed by Lactobacillus and Pediococcus spp.; eventually by the end of alcoholic fermentation, the LAB population is roughly restricted to .
		Leuconostoc Starters Bacterial starter cultures are applied in the beverage and food industry to take advantage of their metabolism in the transformation process.
	www.foodscience.cornell.edu /fs406/LEUCONOSTOC.doc (6113 words)

	Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides as a Cause of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections -- Cappelli et al. 37 (12): 4124 -- ...
		Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides as a Cause of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections
		The genus Leuconostoc is composed by catalase-negative gram-positive microorganisms with irregular coccoid morphology.
		Meningitis in a neonate caused by Leuconostoc sp.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/37/12/4124 (1277 words)

	Starting point for food structure studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Leuconostocs are also very important in the food and chemical industries.
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides was known, in the past, as a bacterium harmful in sugar factories for its exocellular polysaccharides capable of restricting the flow of sugar juices in the pipes.
		In foods, leuconostocs initiate the fermentation of cabbage to produce "sauerkraut" and are also involved in the manufacture of fermented vegetables such as pickles.
	anka.livstek.lth.se:2080 /microscopy/intro.htm (738 words)

	Genetic organization and expression of citrate permease in lactic acid bacteria
		Energetically, in Leuconostoc the coupling between the citrate metabolic pathway and glycolysis is at the level of the redox state of the cell, and in Lactococcus it is at the level of the end product of glycolysis (Konings, 2002).
		In Leuconostoc, lactate is produced from citrate during citrolactic fermentation, and CitP catalyzes a precursor/product exchange, while in Lactococcus, the pyruvate produced from citrate is not the main precursor of lactate, which is produced via the homofermentative pathway.
		In Leuconostoc, glucose and citrate fermentation results in a growth advantage relative to growth on glucose alone, because of a metabolic shift in the heterofermentative pathway for glucose.
	funpecrp.com.br /GMR/year2004/vol2-3/gmr0090_full_text.htm (3287 words)

	Patent 4806368: Shelf life and subsequent growth of lactobacillus acidophilus, propionibacterium shermanii and ...
		Leuconostoc citrovorum, a beneficial organism that is used in the manufacture of buttermilk, has an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase which can destroy the acetaldehyde.
		There have also been claims in the literature regarding the cancer retardation properties of vitamins E and C. The primary object of the invention is to enhance the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus in tablets and also in the gastrointestinal tract.
		Then L-cystine, acidophilus powder, propionic acid bacterium powder, Leuconostoc powder, acid whey, whey protein concentrate, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin C, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate, magnesium oxide, autolyzed yeast extract and enzyme digested casein are mixed with an equal quantity of apple or any other vegetable dietary fiber.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4806368.html (4382 words)

	JGI O. oeni Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Proposal to reclassify Leuconostoc oenos as Oenococcus oeni [corrig.] gen. nov., comb.
		Cloning and characterization of the genes encoding the malolactic enzyme and the malate permease of Leuconostoc oenos.
		Phylogenetic structure of the Leuconostocs: An interesting case of a rapidly evolving organism.
	genome.jgi-psf.org /draft_microbes/oenoe/oenoe.home.html (475 words)

	Fermented and vegetables. A global perspective. Chapter 5.
		The glycolytic pathway is used by all lactic acid bacteria except leuconostocs, group III lactobacilli, oenococci and weissellas.
		Leuconostoc is noted for its high salt tolerance and for this reason, initiates the majority of lactic acid fermentations.
		On the other hand, if Leuconostoc mesenteroides is added in the early stages, it gives a good flavour to the final product, but alters the sequence of subsequent bacterial growth and results in a product that is incompletely fermented.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x0560e/x0560e10.htm (5720 words)

	Micrographs of four Leuconostoc strains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		A variety of Leuconostoc strains is present in kefir.
		Like the lactic acid bacteria, leuconostocs need complex media due to their multiple demands for amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, vitamins and metallic ions.
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides is the bacterium associated with the sauerkraut and pickle fermentations.
	distans.livstek.lth.se:2080 /Leuconostoc.htm (462 words)

	Leuconostoc gelidum and its bacteriophage by SEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Some Leuconostoc species are isolated from the surface of a wide range of vegetables and fruits, and others are found in refrigerated meats and dairy products.
		Leuconostoc gelidum and Leuconostoc carnosum bacteria occur among the microbial population of meats during storage in vacuum packs or carbon dioxide atmosphere.
		Bacteriocins produced by leuconostocs may or may not be active against other lactic acid bacteria, but all include Listeria in their activity spectra.
	distans.livstek.lth.se:2080 /L_gelidum.htm (293 words)

	Leuconostoc inhae sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from kimchi -- Kim et al. 53 (4): 1123 -- International ...
		nov., a novel lactic acid bacterium isolated from a ripe fig, and reclassification of Lactobacillus fructosus as Leuconostoc fructosum comb.
		Kim, B.-J., Min, B.-H., Kim, J. and Han, H.-U. Isolation of dextran-producing Leuconostoc lactis from kimchi.
		Martinez-Murcia, A. and Collins, M. A phylogenetic analysis of an atypical leuconostoc: description of Leuconostoc fallax sp.
	ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/4/1123 (1470 words)

	JGI L. mesenteroides Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides is a facultative anaerobe requiring complex growth factors and amino acids (Reiter and Oram 1982; Garvie 1986).
		Most strains in liquid culture appear as cocci, occurring singly or in pairs and short chains, however, morphology can vary with growth conditions; cells grown in glucose or on solid media may have an elongated or rod shaped morphology.
		Rapid Screening of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Mutants for Elevated Proportions of Alternan to Dextran.
	genome.jgi-psf.org /draft_microbes/leume/leume.home.html (536 words)

	CABRI: HyperCatalogue: Bacteria: DSMZ_BACT: Leuconostoc fallax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Bacteria DSMZ_BACT Leuconostoc fallax
		Leuconostoc fallax, Martinez-Murcia and Collins 1992 VP Bacteria
		This work cannot be reproduced in whole or in part without the express written permission of the CABRI consortium.
	cabri.org /HyperCat/bact/dsb965.htm (51 words)

	78F-8 Characterization of Leuconostoc fallax bacteriophages isolated from industrial sauerkraut fermentation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Leuconostoc species, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc fallax, are known to be present during the early stage of sauerkraut fermentation.
		The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of bacteriophages active against L.
		Bacteriophage activity against Leuconostoc strains, either naturally occurring or starter cultures, may be a potential cause for fermentation variability.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2000/techprogram/paper_4178.htm (314 words)

	Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the dextransucrase DsrD of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lcc4 in ...
		Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the dextransucrase DsrD of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lcc4 in homologous and heterologous Lactococcus lactis cultures -- Neubauer et al.
		Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the dextransucrase DsrD of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lcc4 in homologous and heterologous Lactococcus lactis cultures
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lcc4 was obtained from the Nestlé
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/149/4/973 (5124 words)

	Purification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Citrate Lyase and Cloning and Characterization of the citCDEFG Gene Cluster ...
		Purification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Citrate Lyase and Cloning and Characterization of the citCDEFG Gene Cluster -- Bekal et al.
		Purification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Citrate Lyase and Cloning and Characterization of the citCDEFG Gene Cluster
		The composition of the lactococcal and Leuconostoc prosthetic
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/180/3/647 (4812 words)

	Mechanism of the Citrate Transporters in Carbohydrate and Citrate Cometabolism in Lactococcus and Leuconostoc Species ...
		that the energetics of the CitPs of Lactococcus and Leuconostoc
		The CitP sequences of Leuconostoc mesenteroides 19D (CitPlcm), Leuconostoc lactis (CitPlcl), and Lactococcus lactis (CitPll) are shown.
		In Leuconostoc strains the plasmids that are indispensable
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/5/1594 (4489 words)

	Patent 5141858: Method for the production of .alpha.(1.fwdarw.2) oligodextrans using Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1299
		It is known to prepare dextrans of high molar mass, greater than one million (degree of polymerization greater than 6000 units of glucose) by the action of the lactic bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides on sucrose.
		Glucosyltransferase can be obtained by culturing an appropriate strain of the lactic bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides, such as the NRRL B-1299 strain, on a suitable nutrient medium containing, in particular, sucrose in order to induce the production of the glucosyltransferase.
		After growth of the bacterium, the enzymatic activity is extracted by the addition of polyethylene glycol so as to precipitate and concentrate the various forms of glucosyltransferase: extracellular, bound to cells and to insoluble polysaccharides, and intracellular.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5141858.html (3841 words)

	Malolactic Fermentation: Wine Cave Inc.
		'Malolactic fermentation' (ML) describes a fermentation by bacteria (leuconostoc oenos) that are able to convert malic acid from grapes into lactic acid.
		In addition to transforming malic acid into lactic, leuconostoc oenos also transforms citric acid into acetic acid, which is the acid that gives vinegar it's distinctive flavour.
		Assuming you have purchased good quality grapes, you have tested the acid and pH, and are confident that going through ML will produce a better wine for you, the first step is to obtain a malolactic bacterial culture.
	www.winecaveinc.com /resources/wine/malolactic.htm (1297 words)

	Differentiation of Dextran-Producing Leuconostoc Strains by a Modified Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Protocol -- ...
		Leuconostocs are heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria that can produce extracellular polymers such as alternan, dextran,
		Differentiation of dextran-producing Leuconostoc strains from fermented rice cake (puto) using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
		Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger, Holzapfel, and Kandler 1989 is a later subjective synonym of Leuconostoc citreum Farrow, Facklam, and Collins 1989.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/8/3096 (1211 words)

	Purification and properties of the extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 -- Kobayashi ...
		Purification and properties of the extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 -- Kobayashi and Matsuda 79 (6): 1301 -- Journal of Biochemistry
		Purification and properties of the extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299
		Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 was purified by (NH4)2SO4
	jb.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/79/6/1301 (229 words)

	Leuconostoc
		The microflora was dominated by dextran-producing leuconostocs, and these were differentiated into four groups using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of restriction enzyme digested chromosomal DNA, in conjunction with taxonomic tests.
		Evaluation of three disk tests for identification of enterococci, leuconostocs, and pediococci; Facklam R et al.; Simple rapid tests for presumptive identification of catalase-negative non-beta-hemolytic cocci (i.e., enterococci, leuconostocs, and pediococci) have not previously been available.
		The prevalence of leuconostocs in many adventitious fermentations of food and the use of leuconostocs as starter bacteria in controlled fermentations make the bacteriocins produced by these bacteria of interest as possible food preservatives by addition of the bacteriocin or its producer organism to foods.
	www.bionewsonline.com /m/2/leuconostoc.htm (16841 words)

	Leuconostoc
		Autolysis of dairy leuconostocs and detection of peptidoglycan hydrolases by renaturing SDS-PAGE; Cibik R et al.; The autolysis of lactic acid bacteria plays a major role during cheese ripening.
		The aim of this study was to evaluate the autolytic properties and peptidoglycan hydrolase content of dairy leuconostocs.
		The ability of dairy leuconostocs to lyse is strain dependant and not related to the species.
	www.bionewsonline.com /m/1/leuconostoc.htm (17037 words)

	78F-10 Identification of Leuconostoc fallax strains isolated from industrial sauerkraut fermentation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		During sauerkraut fermentation, Leuconostoc species have been shown to be present in the early heterofermentative stage.
		In this study the objective was to develop and investigate four methods for the identification of Leuconostoc fallax strains.
		Identification methods for sauerkraut isolates included their ability to utilize or oxidize several carbon sources, PCR amplification and RFLP analysis of their Intergenic Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, phage typing, and sequencing a 340 bp fragment of the 16s rRNA gene containing two variable regions.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2000/techprogram/paper_4234.htm (271 words)

	Publications - John Robyt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Yoon, S.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Synthesis of acarbose analogues by transglycosylation reactions of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC and B-742CB dextransucrases.
		Kitaoka, M. and Robyt, J.F. (1999) Mechanism of the action of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC dextransucrase: kinetics of the transfer of D-glucose to maltose and the effects of enzyme- and substrate-concentrations.
		Han, N.S. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) The mechanism of Acetobacter xylinum cellulose biosynthesis: direction of chain elongation and the role of lipid pyrophosphate intermediates in the cell membrane.
	www.bb.iastate.edu /FacultyResearchFolder/Robyt/Publications.html (1370 words)

	Molecular Characterization of Inulosucrase from Leuconostoc citreum: a Fructosyltransferase within a ...
		Sequence analysis of the gene encoding alternansucrase, a sucrose glucosyltransferase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355.
		Effect of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F dextransucrase carboxy-terminal deletions on dextran and oligosaccharide synthesis.
		Characterization of a cell-associated inulosucrase from a novel source: A Leuconostoc citreum strain isolated from Pozol, a fermented corn beverage of Mayan origin.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/185/12/3606 (3707 words)

	Identification and Characterization of Leuconostoc carnosum, Associated with Production and Spoilage of ...
		Leuconostoc carnosum was shown to be the specific spoilage organism in vacuum-packaged, sliced, cooked ham showing spoilage
		The similarity between all pairs was expressed by Dice coefficient correlation, and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages was used for the construction of the dendrogram.
		Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides by analysis of soluble whole-cell protein pattern, DNA fingerprinting and restriction of ribosomal DNA.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/9/3313 (3263 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		The majority of the isolates were identified as belonging to the genus Lactobaccillus (7) with the rest belonging to the genera Lactococcus (5), Leuconostoc (3), Enterococcus (3) and Streptococcus (2) (Table 1).
		The three Leuconostoc strains (E2, D5 and F6) grew at 15°C but not at 45°C, grew at pH 5, 6, 7 and 8 but not pH 4, were fermentative with gas production and produced acid from litmus milk (Table 1).
		The lower numbers of leuconostocs is probably due to their inability to compete with other LAB in mixed cultures (Teuber and Geis, 1981).
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ft02022 (2828 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Purification of the malolactic enzyme from a Leuconostoc Ïnos strain and use in a membrane reactor for achieving the malolactic fermentation of wine
		Malolactic fermentation is carried out by lactic acid bacteria which convert L-malic acid, present in wine after alcoholic fermentation, into L-lactic acid and CO2 in the presence of NAD and co-factor.
		The specific activity of this malolactic enzyme was increased 7.5-fold from 1.7 units/mg to 12.8 units/mg of protein.
	www.emse.fr /~formisyn/artbab.html (244 words)

	88D-2 Characteristics of Leuconostoc isolates from Kimchi and their identification by ITS-PCR Ribotyping ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Leuconostocs are heterofermentative and not able to grow at 45C or in the presence of 8% NaCl, even with an optimum growth temperature of 20 to 30C.
		The objective of this study is to confirm the dominant Leuconostoc species during the fermentation under different temperatures (4, 10 and 20C).
		For physiological aspects, however, most of the presumptive Leuconostoc isolates were grown in the modified MRS-broth containing 10% cabbage juice at 4C and 30C, but four and seventeen strains failed to grow at 37 and 45C, respectively.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2001/techprogram/paper_6946.htm (444 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Characterization of Six Leuconostoc Fallax Bacteriophages Isolated from An Industrial ...
		The viruses were found to infect one of the strains of lactic acid bacteria (Leuconostoc fallax) that that has recently been found to be involved the early, flavor-forming stages of the sauerkraut fermentation.
		This research is not 'sensitive' and may aid in the development of low-salt, controlled fermentation technology for the vegetable fermentation industry.
		Since a variety of L. fallax strains have been shown to be present in sauerkraut fermentation, bacteriophages active against L. fallax are likely to contribute to the microbial ecology of sauerkraut fermentation and could be responsible for some of the variability observed in this type of fermentation.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=141319 (347 words)

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