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	Tolstoy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tolstoy, or Tolstoi (Russian: Толсто́й) is a prominent family of Russian nobility, descending from one Andrey Kharitonovich Tolstoy (i.e., "the Fat") who served under Vasily II of Moscow.
		Although detested by contemporaries, Tolstoy was made a count for his part in securing the throne for Catherine I.
		Alexander Ivanovich Tolstoy (1770–1857), stemming from a collateral branch of the family, inherited the comital title and estates of his uncle, the last of the Ostermanns.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tolstoy (1335 words)

	Leo Tolstoy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tolstoy is widely regarded as one of the greatest of all novelists, particularly noted for his masterpieces War and Peace and Anna Karenina; in their scope, breadth and realistic depiction of Russian life, the two books stand at the peak of realistic fiction.
		Tolstoy's Christian beliefs were based on the Sermon on the Mount, and particularly on the phrase about turn the other cheek, which he saw as a justification for pacifism, nonviolence and nonresistance.
		Tolstoy was impressed by the pacifist beliefs of the Doukhobors and brought their persecution to the attention of the international community, after they burned their weapons in peaceful protest in 1895.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leo_Tolstoy (1766 words)

	Leo Tolstoy - Biography and Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Leo Tolstoy was born on August 28, 1828 at Yasnya Polyana, in Tula Province, the fourth of five children.
		Tolstoy was treated for venereal disease in 1847, and for most of the rest of his life was troubled by his tendency to debauch himself on a grand scale.
		Tolstoy juxtaposed in the work crises of family life with the quest for the meaning of life.
	www.online-literature.com /tolstoy (511 words)

	LEO TOLSTOY FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Russian: ÐÐµÐ² ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°ÌÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð¢Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¾ÌÐ¹; commonly referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy) (September_9, 1828 – November_20, 1910; August 28, 1828 – November 7, 1910, O.S.) was a Russian novelist, social_reformer, pacifist, Christian anarchist, vegetarian, moral thinker and an influential member of the Tolstoy family.
		Tolstoy is widely regarded as one of the greatest of all novelists, particularly noted for his masterpieces ''War_and_Peace'' and ''Anna_Karenina''; in their scope, breadth and realistic depiction of Russian life, the two books stand at the peak of realistic fiction.
		Tolstoy's Christian beliefs were based on the Sermon_on_the_Mount, and particularly on the phrase about turn_the_other_cheek, which he saw as a justification for pacifism, nonviolence and nonresistance.
	www.bellabuds.com /Leo_Tolstoy (1641 words)

	Leo Tolstoy
		Tolstoi once said, "The one thing is necessary, in life as in art, is to tell the truth." Tolstoy's life in often seen to form two distinct parts: first comes the author of great novels, and later a prophet and moral reformer.
		Tolstoy's teachings influenced Gandhi in India, and the kibbutz movement in Palestine, and in Russia his moral authority rivaled that of the tsar.
		Tolstoy's form of Christianity was based on the Sermon on the Mount and crystallized in five leading ideas: human beings must suppress their anger, whether warranted or not; no sex outside marriage; no oaths of any sort; renunciation of all resistance to evil; love of enemies.
	www.classicreader.com /author.php/aut.36 (1256 words)

	The Old and New Testament in the Religious Consciousness of L. Tolstoy
		Tolstoy is not at all aware of the Christian problem of the person, he does not see the person, for him the person sinks away into the natural soul of the world.
		Tolstoy’s rationalism and naturalism are incapable of explaining the deviating away from the rational and natural condition, and indeed human life is full of these deviations, and they beget that evil and falseness of life, which Tolstoy so mightily rails against.
		Tolstoy wants to be saved on the strength of his own personal merits, and not in the redemptive power of the bloody sacrifice, offered by the Son of God for the sins of the world.
	www.berdyaev.com /berdiaev/berd_lib/1912_054.html (9567 words)

	Leo Tolstoy
		Tolstoy didn't believe that was right; so he opened a school for peasants on his family's estate before helping to found 20 more schools in neighboring villages.
		During the early years of Tolstoy's marriage, free love was becoming fashionable among the Russian upper classes, and everyone started to think of marriage as old fashioned and silly.
		Tolstoy's collected works, which were published in the Soviet Union in 1928-58, consist of 90 volumes.
	amsaw.org /amsaw-ithappenedinhistory-090903-tolstoy.html (997 words)

	RUTR 274
		Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born in 1828 of a noble family.
		Tolstoy left the army in 1855 and spent the majority of his time divided between his estate at Yasnaya Polyana and the literary and intellectual circles of Saint Petersburg.
		Tolstoy wrote in his diary that this time in his life was particularly ugly to him as he was dissatisfied with his debauchery.
	faculty.virginia.edu /herman/tolstoy/tolstoybiography.htm (885 words)

	Presented at 1999 SCMLA Conference
		Tolstoy's criticism of both the conduct of the officer class and of war in general reaches a such peak in this story that the censor cut from the text numerous insinuations that the Russian officers were pampered cowards, greedy for personal glory.
		Tolstoy's characterization of Napoleon as a crass, somewhat ignorant and wholly egomaniacal figure is not intended for mere comic effect, but to point out the fallacy in the established historical writing, which asserts that Napoleon was a military genius and a statesman of the first order.
		Tolstoy repeatedly uses the dismissive phrase "and so forth" (i tak dalee) in relating Pest’s thoughts and words in these instances, pointedly demonstrates the insignificance and meaninglessness of his words—they do not even merit full reproduction, since they are only dissembling attempts at saving face rather than accurate descriptions.
	www2.potsdam.edu /mausdc/class/601/Tolstoyconference.html (2608 words)

	Forthcoming in Janet Tucker's Book
		Tolstoy’s narratives frequently include "act[s] of speech" (whether quoted conversations, interior monologues or narration that affects a particular attitude) by characters he wishes to satirize that are made ridiculous by the disparity that Tolstoy perceives between their meaning and their context.
		Tolstoy’s fiction is filled with similar scenarios in which single-minded characters (at least those who are single-minded in the "wrong" way) are satirized into meaninglessness, while characters deemed capable of moral edification are chided for their mistakes but also allowed to repent.
		Tolstoy’s criticism of both the conduct of the officer class and of war in general reaches a peak in this story, as does the negative reaction of the censors and critics: "...[T]he censor cut from the text numerous insinuations that the Russian officers were pampered cowards, greedy for personal glory.
	www2.potsdam.edu /mausdc/class/601/Tolstoypublished.html (5874 words)

	[No title]
		Tolstoy's name is so well known that I am relieved of the difficult and responsible task of giving his general characteristics in order to introduce him to the public.
		One of his descendants, Peter Andreyevich Tolstoy, became a dignitary at the Russian court in 1683, and was afterward one of the chief actors in the rebellion of the Streltsi.
		Peter Tolstoy had a son, Ivan Petrovich, who was himself deprived of his office, that of President of the Court, at the same time as his father, and was exiled to the same convent, where he died soon after him.
	www.geocities.com /cmcarpenter28/Biography/BiryukovI.txt (17760 words)

	Leo Tolstoy - Wikiquote
		Lev Nikolayevitch Tolstoy [Ле́в Никола́евич Толсто́й] (9 September 1828 – 20 November 1910) Russian writer, philosopher and social activist; his name is usually rendered into English as Leo Tolstoy, and sometimes Tolstoi.
		Tolstoy's life has been devoted to replacing the method of violence for removing tyranny or securing reform by the method of nonresistance to evil.
		The truth is that Tolstoy, with his immense genius, with his colossal faith, with his vast fearlessness and vast knowledge of life, is deficient in one faculty and one faculty alone.
	en.wikiquote.org /wiki/Leo_Tolstoy (2513 words)

	Leo_Tolstoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Tolstoy is widely regarded as one of the greatest novelists of all time.
		This view becomes less surprising if one considers that Tolstoy was a novelist of the Realist school who considered the novel to be a framework for the examination of social and political issues in middle class life.
		Tolstoy's Christian beliefs were based on the Sermon on the Mount, and particularly on the comment about turning your cheek, which he saw as a justification of pacifism.
	www.comicscomics.com /search.php?title=Leo_Tolstoy (1559 words)

	Count Leo Tolstoy named in childhood as Lev Nikolayevich was born on September 9
		Tolstoy has always displayed an attraction to the subject of death in his writing career, but during his later years his writings became "merely peripheral to it, connecting the various points of his outlook with fear of death at its center," in the words of critic N.K. Mikhaylovski (175).
		Tolstoy offers us this idea when Ivan thinks back to all the times he had suppressed a desire to do something other than what was expected of him and concludes that each time may have been a chance he was given to correct his path (149).
		Tolstoy brought forward the main social ideals of his time: the 3 major classes of society, and their references to the war with Napoleon, women emancipation, and view of society to historical figures such as Napoleon and Kutuzov.
	www.lazystudents.com /hyperpapers/leo_tolstoy.html (11126 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy was born on September 9, 1828 at Yasnaya Plyana estate, in the Tula province south of Moscow.
		In 1901 Tolstoy was excommunicated from the Russian Orthodox Church for heresy (Yakovlev 8).
		Tolstoy argued that art has to be fully accessible to all people; it must be simple.
	www.csj.net /~matt/GayStuff/gayerstuff/bio.htm (513 words)

	Lev Tolstoy (1828-1910) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Lev Tolstoy was born in Yasnaya Polyana in 1828, orphaned at the age of nine, and brought up by an elderly aunt.
		His novels and short stories are rich with characters searching for the meaning of life, several characters dying and the meaning of death, the importance of the peasants, and childbirth and its horrific effects on women.
		Tolstoy lived to the age of 82, right as he left his family to begin a new life as a peasant.
	www.msu.edu /~mincarel/tolstoy.html (295 words)

	Lev Tolstoy and Kazan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"Lev Tolstoy and Kazan" is the name of the exhibition, which was held in the Museum of History of Kazan University.
		The Kazan period of Tolstoy's life is first of all the Kazan University, headed by the great Lobachevsky, and its outstanding mathematicians, chemists, physicians, specialists in Oriental Studies and Lawyers, who brought fame to Russia both with their investigations and democratic views.
		The Kazan period of Lev Tolstoy's life is the time of personality establishment, world outlook formation of the great writer, philosopher and humanist.
	www.ksu.ru /miku/tolstoi/eng (281 words)

	Tolstoy Estate-Museum in Moscow, Russia
		Having fathered 13 children, only 10 of who survived infancy, Tolstoy's marriage soured as he became more and more drawn to Christianity as a means of facing a growing fear of death, and he gradually developed his own system of religious beliefs.
		Tolstoy eventually died in 1910 after having achieved fame not just as a remarkable writer, who explored the most diverse approaches to human experience in his novels and whose literary works still endure at the summit of realist fiction, but as a renowned historical philosopher and moral and religious teacher.
		Tolstoy's study features a heavy desk and dark leather furniture, which seem appropriate to the author's gloomy literary output during the 1880s.
	www.moscow-taxi.com /museums/tolstoy-museums.html (644 words)

	Canadian Slavonic Papers: Lev Tolstoy and the Concept of Brotherhood
		Of the papers in the first group, Gary Jahn's essay on Tolstoy's "equivocal surrender" to the concept of brotherhood is particularly useful for the light it sheds on the writer's work as a whole.
		Tolstoy had the rare ability always to be able to see, analyse and appreciate "the other side of the question." Even in his mature writing, ambiguity and uncertainty with regard to the proper relationship of self to others, however indirect and implicit, are at odds with the whole-hearted, frequently expressed support for brotherhood.
		She questions why in Tolstoy's later writing on art the moment of "infection" becomes ever more instantaneous, and why anxieties about the creative process are replaced with anxiety over social class and hostility to beautiful form.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3763/is_199903/ai_n8830654 (924 words)

	Sunbirds.com: Lev Tolstoy--The Cossacks and A Prisoner in the Caucasus - Russian Lacquer item (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Lev Tolstoy--The Cossacks and A Prisoner in the Caucasus by Lev Tolstoy of Literature #240707
		Lev Tolstoy (1828-1910) was an innovator in his time.
		Tolstoy said that people should read "Childhood" and become better--that childhood was innocence and that this was the goal.
	www.sunbirds.com /lacquer/box/240707 (415 words)

	Islam.Ru / New muslim converts / A Confession by Lev Tolstoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the Introduction to the newly published English version of The last days of Lev Tolstoy by Vladimir Chertkov, his closest friend, the publisher writes: ”Nearly a century after his death, Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy remains a giant in the world of literature.
		A Confession by Lev Tolstoy written in the last decades of the last century could not have been appreciated among the majority in a world that materialism was propagated as the only credible way of approaching knowledge.
		For Tolstoy it was not an exercise of the intellect; it was an arduous search from the side of someone who “had reached the impossibility of living, a cessation of life and the necessity of suicide”.
	eng.islam.ru /newmuslims/confession (1036 words)

	Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) : Library of Congress Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Tolstoy, by G. Chesterton.--Leo Tolstoy as writer, by G. Perris.--Tolstoy's place in European literature, by Ed.
		(Lev Tolstoy) Bir izd8vac8n roman8, 1926: -- t.p.
		Ant and the pigeon Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~mcneil/cit/citlctolstoy.htm (1750 words)

	Travel Channel :: 101 Things To Do Before You Die
		What's Cool: During his years at the University of Kazan, Tolstoy was known for his wild ways with drink and gambling.
		In its pages, Tolstoy invites us to see the opulence of an aristocrat's ballroom and the lavish meals that the Russian elite enjoyed, but he also takes us through the simpler life of the landed country gentry.
		Tolstoy himself split his time between Moscow, where he spent winters from 1862 to 1901, and his family's vast country estate about 100 miles south of the city.
	travel.discovery.com /ideas/culture_attractions/101/mindex/3.html (252 words)

	Rosbalt.RU - printer friendly version (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Two weeks of celebrations to mark the 175th anniversary of Lev Tolstoy's birth will begin at Yasnaya Polyana and in Tula and Moscow on August 28.
		This was announced yesterday by Director of the Lev Tolstoy Museum Vitaly Remizov.
		He said that an international conference entitled Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy and the passage of time will be held during the first week and the opening of new literary museum called The earth and sky of Lev Tolstoy will take place in Moscow on September 4.
	www.rosbaltnews.com /print/print?cn=63845 (202 words)

	Tolstoy
		Transcript of their discussion of Leo Tolstoy's short stories, "Master and Man" and "The Death of Ivan Ilych".
		Pictures of Tolstoy's estate (where he was born, where he lived for about 60 years, etc.).
		A picture and a short text of a place Tolstoy lived in in the Moscow area.
	it.stlawu.edu /~rkreuzer/ltrn101/tolstoy.htm (225 words)

	Leo Tolstoy Bibliography
		Leo Tolstoy was a Russian author, a master of realistic fiction and one of the world's greatest novelists.
		Tolstoy is best known for his two longest works, War and Peace and Anna Karenina, which are commonly regarded as among the finest novels ever written.
		Among Tolstoy's shorter works, The Death of Ivan Ilyich is usually classed among the best examples of the novella.
	www.fantasticfiction.co.uk /authors/Leo_Tolstoy.htm (284 words)

	Yasnaya Poliana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Yasnaya Poliana is place where Lev Tolstoy was born in 1828, lived for about 60 years.
		The place is located in the Tula region, and for many years people came to the writer to talk, to ask for an advice, and sometimes to ask for some money.
		On his way he got ill and died in a very small train station Astapovo but his grave is in Yasnaya Poliana.
	www.ibiblio.org /sergei/Exs/YasnayaPoliana/yp1.html (111 words)

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