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Topic: Levonorgestrel

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Plan B

	levonorgestrel Consumer Drug Information
		Levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive is not intended for use as a routine form of birth control and should not be used in this manner.
		Levonorgestrel is a female hormones that prevents ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary).
		Levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive is used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or failure of other forms of birth control (such as condom breakage, or missing 2 or more birth control pills).
	www.drugs.com /MTM/levonorgestrel.html (1281 words)

	levonorgestrel (EC) - [Medication]
		Levonorgestrel is a form of progesterone, which is a female hormone involved in conception.
		Levonorgestrel prevents ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary), disrupts fertilization (joining of the egg and sperm), and inhibits implantation (attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterus).
		Levonorgestrel (EC) is not intended for use as ongoing pregnancy protection and should not be used as a routine form of contraception.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/multum/d00557n1.htm (1050 words)

	Progress: Levonorgestrel is More Effective, Has Fewer Side-effects, than Yuzpe Regimen
		The crude relative risk of pregnancy for levonorgestrel compared with the Yuzpe regimen was 0.36 (95% CI 0.18—0.70).
		When the number of pregnancies observed in the levonorgestrel group (11) was compared to that expected without treatment (75), it could be concluded that the regimen prevented 85% of pregnancies.
		For instance, nausea was reported by 23% of the women in the levonorgestrel group versus 51% of those in the Yuzpe group, while vomiting was reported by 6% and 19%, respectively.
	www.reproline.jhu.edu /english/6read/6issues/6progress/prog51_b.htm (1329 words)

	Levonorgestrel Has Fewer Side Effects, But No Statistically Significant Difference in Efficacy When Compared with the ...
		Levonorgestrel only (Plan B) has fewer side effects (nausea/vomiting/fatigue), but no statistically significant difference in efficacy when compared to the Yuzpe Regimen (Preven).
		This study used 0.5mg of levonorgestrel which is equivalent to the DL-norgestrel used in the traditional Yuzpe regimen.
		Levonorgestrel only (Plan B) is less expensive ($30.99) than the Yuzpe regimen (Preven), $114.00.
	www.med.umich.edu /pediatrics/ebm/cats/emcont.htm (700 words)

	Mechanism of Action of Mifepristone and Levonorgestrel for Emergency Contraception
		Levonorgestrel belongs to the class of Progestogens, it is a synthetic steroid and mostly used as regular oral contraception.
		When Levonorgestrel was given during the early follicular phase, the total cycle length was significantly prolonged due to the increased duration of the follicular phase.
		When levonorgestrel was administered around the time of ovulation, the effects were variable: Ovulation was blocked in some women, while in others follicular activity was followed by deficient luteal function, and still other women ovulated normally.
	www.gfmer.ch /Endo/PGC_network/Mechanism_of_action_of_mifepristone.htm (4812 words)

	Plan B (Levonorgestrel) Emergency Contraception: Prescribing Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		However, literature indicates that levonorgestrel is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration (bioavailability about 100%) and is not subject to first pass metabolism.
		Menstrual bleeding patterns are often irregular among women using progestin-only oral contraceptives and in clinical studies of levonorgestrel for postcoital and emergency contraceptive use.
		Plan B (Levonorgestrel) tablets, 0.75 mg are available for a single course of treatment in PVC/aluminum foil blister packages of two tablets each.
	www.go2planb.com /section/prescribing_info/index.html (1943 words)

	Proultraflexible Lipid Vesicles for Effective Transdermal Delivery of Levonorgestrel: Development, Characterization, ...
		Levonorgestrel is a potent contraceptive agent given alone or in combination with ethinylestradiol in a daily oral dose of 150 μg.
		Levonorgestrel solubility in PTG was 715-fold (1000 ± 15.2 μg/mL) higher than in PBS leading to a greater concentration gradient across the skin and this subsequently improved permeation.
		It is obvious that levonorgestrel provided contraception by producing morphological changes in uterine mucosa, endometrium, and ovary as well as by inhibiting the secretion of luteinizing hormone that is required for ovulation and for transformation of the follicle in a functioning corpus luteum.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt060364 (4798 words)

	FHI - Contraceptive Update: Levonorgestrel System Offers Several Benefits
		The levonorgestrel intrauterine device, which delivers a progestin directly into the uterus, is not only a highly effective contraceptive, but is proving to offer several noncontraceptive benefits.
		Levonorgestrel also affects the endometrium, causing it to remain thin and reducing the rare chance that a fertilized egg would be implanted.
		The levonorgestrel intrauterine device (IUS) is expected to be submitted soon to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be considered for use in the United States, a process that typically takes about a year.
	www.fhi.org /en/rh/pubs/network/v20_1/nwvol20-1levongesrl.htm (2975 words)

	Levonorgestrel - the complete guide and news
		Levonorgestrel is used to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary) and by causing the cervical mucous to thicken, which makes it harder for sperm to move toward the uterus.
		Levonorgestrel is in the FDA pregnancy category X. This means that levonorgestrel is known cause birth defects in an unborn baby.
		The use of levonorgestrel during early pregnancy is not always harmful to a developing baby.
	www.levonorgestrel.org (1034 words)

	Levonorgestrel is a better emergency contraceptive than the combination pill Family Planning Perspectives - Find ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Each dose of the levonorgestrel regimen consisted of a 0.75-mg levonogestrel tablet and a placebo; each dose of the Yuzpe regimen contained two 50-mcg tablets of ethinyl estradiol and two 0.25-mg tablets of levonorgestrel.
		Among women who took levonorgestrel, failure rates ranged from 0.4% when the treatment was taken within 24 hours of unprotected sex to 2.7% when the treatment was taken 49-72 hours after intercourse.
		Levonorgestrel was associated with fewer instances of dizziness than the Yuzpe method (11% vs. 17%).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3634/is_199903/ai_n8839408 (720 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The first dose of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EC) must be taken as soon as possible and within 72 hours of having unprotected sex, and the second dose 12 hours following the first, to be effective.
		Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary), disrupt fertilization (joining of the egg and sperm), and inhibit implantation (attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterus).
		Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EC) is not intended for use as ongoing pregnancy protection and should not be used as a routine form of contraception.
	www.ecommunity.com /medications/d03242N1.aspx (1612 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Levonorgestrel (Oral) (Plan B) - Drugs Information, Side Effects, & Interactions
		You should not use levonorgestrel if you have had an allergic reaction to it, or to other progestin drugs, such as progestogen oral contraceptives (Ovrette®, Micronor®, Nor-QD®), progesterone, megestrol, or medroxyprogesterone.
		Levonorgestrel is used to prevent pregnancy within 72 hours after unprotected sex.
		Levonorgestrel will not protect you or your partner from diseases such as syphilis, herpes, or HIV (the virus that causes AIDS).
	www.healthopedia.com /drugs/quick/levonorgestrel (559 words)

	RemedyFind: patient ratings of Birth Control Pills: Alesse etc. (Levonorgestrel; Estradiol) for Polycystic Ovarian ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Alesse etc. (Levonorgestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol) is a combination birth control pill which combines the two major female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.
		Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestin which mimics the female hormone progesterone.
		The progesterone content acts to thin the uterine walls and also thickens the mucus of the cervical walls so that it is more difficult for sperm to travel to the uterus.
	www.remedyfind.com /treatments/136/1175 (990 words)

	Levonorgestrel May Be Better Emergency-Contraceptive Pill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Past research has shown that a type of hormone, levonorgestrel -- which is part of the Yuzpe regimen-might on its own be a better emergency contraceptive.
		The proportion of pregnancies prevented (compared with the expected number without treatment) was 57 percent in the Yuzpe group and 85 percent in the levonorgestrel group.
		Nausea and vomiting were significantly less frequent with the levonorgestrel regimen than with the Yuzpe regimen.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/9F61A.htm (377 words)

	Levonorgestrel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Levonorgestrel (or L-Norgestrel) is a molecule used in hormonal contraceptives.
		At a relatively low dose, levonorgestrel can be formulated as a monophasic, biphasic, or triphasic tablet.
		Levonorgestrel is the active ingredient in Norplant and Jadelle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Levonorgestrel (277 words)

	ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EC) - [Medication]
		Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel are forms of estrogen and progesterone, which are both female hormones involved in conception.
		Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EC) should not be used at any time during pregnancy except in an attempt to prevent pregnancy within 72 hours following unprotected sexual intercourse.
		Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EC) is available with a prescription under the brand name Preven Emergency Contraceptive Kit (or Preven EC).
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/multum/d03242n1.htm (1676 words)

	INFO: CIRE Public System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Serum and peritoneal fluid levels of levonorgestrel in women with endometriosis who were treated with an intrauterine contraceptive device containing levonorgestrel.
		Objective: To determine and compare levels of levonorgestrel (Lng) in serum and peritoneal fluid (PF) of patients on the Lng intrauterine system Mirena (Schering Health, Berlin, Germany) for endometriosis and to relate these symptoms.
		Levonorgestrel was again quantified in serum at 1, 3, and 6 months and PF at 6 months.
	www.infoforhealth.org /cire/cire_pub.pl?cire_input=L-IUD (2442 words)

	Pulmonary Absorption of Liposomal Levonorgestrel
		The purpose of these studies was to achieve desired bioavailability after pulmonary administration of Levonorgestrel (LN) and to provide prolonged effective concentration of the drug in plasma and to reduce reported side effects of orally administered drug.
		It is also likely that factors originating from or due to hepatic metabolism of exogenous steroids play a role in hypertension and dyslipidaemia, side effects frequently observed with oral contraceptive treatment.
		Levonorgestrel (LN) has been used for many years both alone (in low doses) in the progestogen only pill (POP) and in combination with estrogen in combined oral contraception (COC) preparations.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt050113 (2899 words)

	Emergency Contraception
		Background - A previous randomised study suggested that the progestagen, levonorgestrel, given alone in two separate doses each of 0.75 mg caused nausea and vomiting in fewer women and might be more effective than the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception, although the difference was not significant.
		Among the remaining 1955 women, the crude pregnancy rate was 1.1% (11/976) in the levenorgesterel group compared with 3.2% (31/979) in the Yuzpe regimen group.
		The crude relative risk of pregnancy for levonorgestrel compared with the Yuzpe regimen was 0.36 (95% CI 0-18-0-70).
	ec.princeton.edu /news/whotrial.html (489 words)

	The Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device (IUD)
		Each week the Levonorgestrel IUD gives off about the same amount of levonorgestrel as a woman gets when she takes one or two of the minipills called Ovrette.
		The levonorgestrel causes the cervical mucus to become thicker so sperm cannot reach the egg.
		The Levonorgestrel IUD is not yet available in the United States (as of the end of 1999).
	www.wyhc.org /birth_control_options/Levonorgestrel-IUD.php (602 words)

	A Randomized Trial of Mifepristone (10 mg) and Levonorgestrel for Emergency Contraception -- Hamoda et al. 104 (6): ...
		Randomised controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception.
		Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial.
		Pharmacokinetic study of different dosing regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception in healthy women.
	www.greenjournal.org /cgi/content/full/104/6/1307 (3230 words)

	Levonorgestrel for emergency contraception
		Levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) have been shown to prevent ovulation and they did not have any detectable effect on the endometrium (uterine lining) or progesterone levels when given after ovulation.
		Based on reports from four studies including almost 5000 women, the levonorgestrel regimen used within 5 days after unprotected intercourse reduced a woman’s chance of pregnancy by 60-90 per cent.
		Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomized trial.
	www.who.int /reproductive-health/family_planning/ec.html (537 words)

	Emory Univ :: S.O.M. :: GYN-OB Dept. :: LNg IUD
		Each week the Levonorgestrel IUD gives off about the same amount of hormone that one or two Ovrette mini-pills provide.
		Given the extremely low failure rate of the Levonorgestrel IUD, a person using this method is far less likely to have either the emotional or financial expenses associated with an unintended pregnancy.
		As of June 1997, the Levonorgestrel IUD is not available in the United States.
	www.gynob.emory.edu /familyplanning/levo_iud.cfm (495 words)

	Buy Levonorgestrel (plan b) online side effects, and purchase
		Plan B (Levonorgestrel) is an emergency contraceptive that can be used to prevent pregnancy....
		For maximum effectiveness, the first dose of Levonorgestrel should be taken within 72 hours of intercourse.
		In order to buy Plan B (Levonorgestrel) gender of patient must be Female on consultation form.
	www.generapharm.com /main-buy-levonorgestrel.htm (144 words)

	Long-Term Treatment of Menorrhagia With Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System Versus Endometrial Resection -- Rauramo et ...
		A statistically significant time effect was detected for both the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and transcervical resection of endometrium by Friedman's 2-way analysis of variance (P =.001).
		in median FSH from 4.2 IU/L to 5.9 IU/L in the levonorgestrel
		Levonorgestrel intrauterine device in the treatment of menorrhagia in Chinese women.
	www.greenjournal.org /cgi/content/full/104/6/1314 (3569 words)

	Clinical Trial: Effects of St. John's Wort on the Oral Contraceptive Hormone Levonorgestrel
		Levonorgestrel is a form of progesterone, a female hormone involved in conception.
		All participants will receive a single dose of levonorgestrel between Days 9 and 12 of their first menstrual cycle after entering this study.
		Blood and urine collection will occur immediately after the levonorgestrel is given and every week until participants' next menstrual cycle to determine the levels of reproductive hormones in participants' bodies.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00131885 (589 words)

	Alesse Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Levonorgestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol - RxList Monographs
		During concomitant use of ethinyl estradiol containing products and substances that may lead to decreased plasma steroid hormone concentrations, it is recommended that a nonhormonal back-up method of birth control be used in addition to the regular intake of Alesse (levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol tablets).
		If the use of a substance which leads to decreased ethinyl estradiol plasma concentrations is required for a prolonged period of time, combination oral contraceptives should not be considered the primary contraceptive.
		This may be of clinical significance if a woman becomes pregnant shortly after discontinuing oral contraceptives.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/lngeed_ad.htm (824 words)

	Newly Approved Drug Therapies (662): Mirena (levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system), Berlex Laboratories
		Mirena works by delivering a low dose of the progestin levonorgestrel directly to the lining of the uterus.
		Prevention of pregnancy may be due to subsequent thickening of cervical mucus, which prevents the passage of sperm, inhibition of sperm mobility and inhibition of endometrial growth.
		The local mechanism by which continuously released levonorgestrel enhances contraceptive effectiveness of the IUD has not been determined.
	www.centerwatch.com /patient/drugs/dru662.html (518 words)

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