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Topic: Lewis Tappan

	Lewis Tappan - Plagiarism on Wikipedia
		Lewis Tappan (May 23, 1788 – June 21, 1873) was a prominent American abolitionist, notable for his role in the Amistad case before the Supreme Court (1840-1841).
		Tappan was born in Northampton, Massachusetts, on King Street near today's Trumbull Road, one of the eleven children of Benjamin and Sarah Tappan.
		Tappan's oratory and support was a leading factor in assisting Joseph Cinqué and company to eventually return home to Africa.
	www.wikipedia-watch.org /plagiarism/0558.html (853 words)

	Biography: Lewis Tappan
		LEWIS TAPPAN (1788-1863), one of the most influential abolitionists in Antebellum America, was born in Northampton, Mass.
		Lewis was more fully committed than his brother Arthur, who stopped short of associating with fls.
		Tappan's participation in the Amistad case may be considered the high point of his career as an abolitionist.
	amistad.mysticseaport.org /discovery/people/bio.tappan.lewis.html (844 words)

	Lewis Tappan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Lewis Tappan was the New York abolitionist who, in the opinion of John Quincy Adams, was most responsible for securing the freedom of the Africans of the Amistad.
		Tappan was burned in effigy, attacked in the press, unable to purchase insurance for either himself or his possessions, and sent crude warnings in the mail ranging from pieces of rope to a slave's ear.
		Tappan described slavery as "the worm at the root of the tree of Liberty." The Amistad's arrival on American shores was, he thought, a "providential occurrence" that might allow "the heart of the nation" to be "touched by the power of sympathy".
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/amistad/AMI_BTAP.HTM (437 words)

	Credit in Early America
		Lewis Tappan, an owner of a failed business, realized that reliable information, properly gathered and analyzed, was the one basic element credit, to that time, had lacked.
		Lewis Tappan understood that a number of the larger eastern wholesalers sent agents on the road to gather what information was available on prospective customers.
		Lewis Tappan had a better idea; he would use local people he could trust to report on prospective seekers of credit.
	www.nacm.org /resource/history.html (1018 words)

	D&B Million Dollar Database
		To help merchants substitute facts for guesswork in their decision-making, an enterprising businessman named Lewis Tappan began, in 1841, to establish a network of correspondents that would function as a source of reliable, consistent and objective credit information.
		Lewis Tappan's strong belief in ethics and sound judgment extended to his personal life as well.
		Tappan brought the first civil rights case in U.S. history to the attention of the national abolitionist movement and was primarily responsible for raising the funds used to appeal the case to the Supreme Court.
	www.dnbmdd.com /mddi/history.aspx (1371 words)

	Lewis Tappan and the Africans of the Amistad(英)_外语教育网
		Lewis Tappan later commented, "When my wife saw the large chimney glass--which we purchased eighteen years ago and which I often said looked too extravagant-- was demolished, she laughed and said, ‘you got rid of that piece of furniture that troubled you so much.'" Characteristically, Tappan saw his personal misfortune as an opportunity.
		Tappan called Ruiz's decision to forego bail a "ruse to excite sympathy, and prejudice the community against the Africans and their defenders." If that was indeed the goal of Ruiz, his efforts were successful.
		Lewis Tappan, the seventy-five-year-old patriarch of New York's abolitionist movement, sat in the audience at Cooper Hall in January 1863 as Negro minister Henry Garnat opened the "Emancipation Jubilee" with a reading of Lincoln's Proclamation freeing the slaves.
	www.for68.com /new/2005/12/su01502723201722150024266-0.htm (14522 words)

	Tappan Brothers Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Born in Northampton, Mass., Arthur and Lewis Tappan were among the 11 children of a goldsmith and merchant.
		Lewis, a warmer and more expressive personality, was won over by the Reverend William Ellery Channing and troubled his family by becoming a Unitarian.
		Public dissatisfaction with their activities the next year resulted in a riot during which Lewis Tappan's home was sacked.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/tappan-brothers (416 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Tappan,
		He made a fortune in the dry-goods business in New York City and with his brother and partner Lewis Tappan gave generously of his time and money to various causes, especially to the antislavery movement.
		Lewis held important offices in several antislavery societies and was a
		It is the eastern terminus of the Tappan Zee Bridge and is the seat of Marymount College.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Tappan, (614 words)

	Biography of THEODORE WELD: Crusader for Freedom--chap. 2
		Arthur and Lewis Tappan, the charitable New York merchants with whom Weld was now to be associated, were leaders of this group.
		Lewis' letters of his brother Ben, who lived in Steubenville, Ohio, and was something of a freethinker, reflect the reformer's mind.
		Weld, Lewis Tappan and a few others even cherished the notion of establishing a great national manual labor institution to serve as a pattern, and Weld planned to be on the lookout for the most advantageous site for it.
	www.gospeltruth.net /Weld/weldbioch2.htm (4126 words)

	Brief Biographies of Jackson Era Characters (T)
		While Tappan was probably had a genuine strong anti-slavery feeling, he may have been Weld and his brothers, major financiers of the abolition movements, for their "impractical" approach.
		Lewis was a partner of his brother from 1814 till 1837 or thereabouts.
		He was, however, converted to the somewhat softened, evangelistic Calvinism of Lyman Beecher, one of the fruits of Beecher's focused assault on Unitarianism in the onetime bastion of Puritanism.
	www.jmisc.net /BIOG-T.htm (3356 words)

	LEWIS TAPPAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The Tappan brothers were hanged in effigy, threatened, sent hangman's nooses in the mail, and even presented with the severed ear of a slave.
		The 20-acre Tappan home-lot was located on King Street in the neighborhood of today's Trumbull Rd. The children performed house-and-farm chores but also reveled in swimming, kite-flying, ball games, fishing, berrying, coasting, sleighing, skating, and tending to their many pets.
		Children had to remain inside until sundown when at last, as Lewis Tappan recalled in later life, they burst forth "to make the welkin ring with their yells and noisy merriment." In her old age, Sarah Tappan regretted there had not been more books in the house for her flock to read on Sunday.
	www.anti-racismonline.org /lewis_tappan.htm (951 words)

	LABORS IN NEW YORK CITY IN 1832, AND ONWARD.
		LEWIS TAPPAN, with other Christian brethren, leased the Chatham street theatre, and fitted it up for a church, and as a suitable place to accommodate the various charitable societies, in holding their anniversaries.
		Tappan saw that, during the sermon, he manifested a good deal of emotion; and seemed uneasy at times, as if he were on the point of going out.
		Tappan stepped up to him, and took him gently by the button of his coat, and spoke very kindly to him, and asked him if he would not remain for prayer and conversation.
	bible.christiansunite.com /Charles_Finney/finney23.shtml?print (4886 words)

	EPM Resource - Lewis Tappan and the Amistad Slaves
		Lewis Tappan was courageous and sincere but a naÃ¯ve religious man. But he was a follower of Jesus, who made available the wealth entrusted to him to serve the cause of Christ and of freedom.
		Tappan, LeTourneau, and Tam weren't missionaries or pastors.
		God's calling on Lewis Tappan, R. LeTourneau, and Stanley Tam was just as great as his call on John Wesley, and they reached people in their God-given sphere of influence that someone like John Wesley could never have reached.
	www.epm.org /articles/amistad_slaves.html (1697 words)

	Review of Lewis Tappan biography
		Also among these events is the re-publication of Lewis Tappan and the Evangelical War Against Slavery, the story of a determined New England Congregationalist, a successful businessman (founder of Dun and Bradstreet) who helped finance the campaign against slavery and fought in the front lines of the Civil War.
		Lewis Tappan (1788-1873) was the nephew of David Tappan, Hollis Professor of Divinity at Harvard Divinity School until he died in 1803.
		Tappan’s fame, such as it was, was eclipsed in the 1850s by a new generation of abolitionists.
	www.congregationalist.org /Archivesold/Oct-Dec_03/review_garber.html (634 words)

	December 16: Lewis Tappan sees business go up in flames
		The Tappans' situation worsened with the 1836 financial collapse.
		Lewis managed daily operations, supervising clerks and bookkeepers, interviewing new employees, stocking samples, and overseeing shipping.
		Whether it was in business or in social reform, Lewis Tappan saw God as his companion in all he did.
	chi.gospelcom.net /DAILYF/2002/12/daily-12-16-2002.shtml (642 words)

	Arthur Tappan
		Tappan moved to Boston at the age of 15 and by 1807 had established his own dry goods business in Portland, Maine.
		Tappan held strict moral views and contributed a large amount of his wealth to campaign against alcohol and tobacco.
		In 1839, Arthur and Lewis Tappan left and formed a rival organization, the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAStappanA.htm (271 words)

	Lewis Tappan
		Tappan became a clerk in Boston but in 1828 he joined his brother, Arthur Tappan, in the silk trade in New York.
		Lewis argued that while slavery was legal in Cuba, importation of slaves from Africa was not.
		Lewis argued that: "To put a woman on the committee with men is contrary to the usages of civilized society."
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAStappanL.htm (389 words)

	"I will be heard!" Abolitionism in America
		Lewis Tappan (1788-1873), a wealthy merchant from a strong Calvinist family, is best known for his role in organizing the defense of Joseph Cinque in the Amistad trial.
		Tappan also funded anti-slavery journals and helped to form the American Anti-Slavery Society, which he later abandoned because of his disapproval of women’s involvement in the society.
		Tappan and other disaffected former members of the American Anti-Slavery Society formed the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, which employed political abolitionism.
	rmc.library.cornell.edu /abolitionism/abolitionists/Tappan.htm (156 words)

	Lewis Clarke, "Leaves from a Slave's Journal of Life"
		A polite note from Lewis Tappan, last week, informed me that a fugitive slave, nearly as white as himself, would address an audience at Brooklyn; and having curiosity to hear what he would say, I crossed the ferry, at the time appointed for the meeting.
		Lewis Tappan introduced him to the meeting, as Lewis Clark, from Kentucky; saying that he brought highly satisfactory letters from Ohio, where Judge King, and General Somebody, and Esquire Somebody, had called meetings for him, and certified their full belief of his story.
		Lewis Tappan, luckily, had more adaptation to the state of the public mind, and doubtless gained the ear of many, by thus propping up his protegé with magnates on either side.
	docsouth.unc.edu /neh/clarke/support1.html (5742 words)

	ActionScript-ToolBox: by Lewis Tappan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Lewis Tappan (1788 - 1873) created the first viable credit reporting service in America.
		Tappan's fierce oratory and support was a leading factor in assisting Joseph Cinqué and company to eventually return home to Africa.
		Lewis hated credit, but he realized offering it to customers was becoming the only way to make a sale.
	www.actionscript-toolbox.com /quotes/author/Lewis-Tappan.html (1509 words)

	PEOPLE/briefbio/TappanLN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A few days later, on August 15, 1859, Tappan and many of the same eager town promoters organized the El Paso Claim Club, a vigilante form of civil government, to record real estate claims and settle land disputes.
		Tappan not only became the Town Company's director, secretary, and treasurer, but he also became the Claim Club's director, secretary, and recorder.
		Although Lewis Tappan was active within the business community of Colorado City and El Paso County, Tappan still found time to explore the surrounding area.
	history.oldcolo.com /people/briefbio/tappanln.html (241 words)

	Papers of Lewis Tappan - Collection 174
		Tappan's exposure to Calvinist and Unitarian theology is reflected in his journals by comments on ministers and the themes of their sermons.
		Throughout the papers there is documentation of routine family activities of the various members of the Tappan family, as well as of their interaction on matters of mutual concern, particularly where business, religion, and abolition were involved.
		Lewis Tappan's brothers, Benjamin and Arthur, are well represented in the collection as well as other members of the Tappan and Aspinwall families.
	www.wheaton.edu /bgc/archives/GUIDES/174.htm (1027 words)

	THe JoC: 175 Years of Change
		Lewis Tappan saw the Amistad case as a “Providential occurrence” — an opportunity not only to help the captured Africans who had seized the ship, but to dramatize the evils of the slave trade.
		Lewis Tappan launched the campaign for the defense of the Amistad slaves.
		Lewis Tappan prevailed on former President John Quincy Adams to take the case, which he argued for 4 1/2 hours before the U.S. Supreme Court.
	www.joc.com /history/p5.asp (615 words)

	[No title]
		A fervent abolitionist, Tappan used the profits of the highly successful store that he and his brother ran in New York City to further the anti-slavery cause.
		Tappan used his network of abolitionist lawyers to report systematically on the credit worthiness of out-of-town retailers who wanted to buy goods in New York.
		His most memorable scene is an invented conversation with a fl abolitionist, in which Tappan suggests that it would be preferable for the fls to be martyred than to be set free.
	www.lycos.com /info/lewis-tappan.html (294 words)

	AllRefer.com - Lewis Tappan (Social Reformers) - Encyclopedia
		He became a partner in his brother Arthur's New York mercantile house in 1828 and in 1841 founded the first agency for rating commercial credit in the United States.
		Lewis held important offices in several antislavery societies and was a delegate to the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London in 1843.
		He retired from business in 1849 to devote himself exclusively to humanitarian work, mostly for the abolitionist cause.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Tappan-L.html (213 words)

	Who Made America? \| Innovators \| Lewis Tappan
		Lewis Tappan created the first viable credit reporting service in America.
		He was born in Northampton, Massachusetts in 1788 and became a merchant, first in Philadelphia, then in Boston.
		Lewis made money then lost it, going bankrupt from poorly timed investments in woolen and cotton mills.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/tappan_hi.html (524 words)

	The Sturgis-Tappan Family Papers, 1812-1982 Finding Aid
		Caroline Sturgis Tappan and her sister, Ellen Sturgis Hooper, were minor Transcendentalist poets whose work was occasionally published in the Dial.
		In 1936, Mary Aspinwall Tappan and her niece, Rosamond Sturgis Dixey Brooks (Caroline Sturgis Tappan's granddaughter), gave the family's summer estate, Tanglewood, to the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
		This series is the largest in the collection and is organized into three subseries: letters to and from Caroline Sturgis Tappan, letters to and from her daughter, Mary Aspinwall Tappan, and third party correspondence.
	asteria.fivecolleges.edu /findaids/sophiasmith/mnsss112.html (939 words)

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