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Topic: Li Sao

	Chinese Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		A noble by birth, Ch'ü Yüan wrote Li Sao (Encountering Sorrow), a long, autobiographical poem full of historical allusions, allegories, and similes, lyrically expressed and concerned with the intimate revelation of a poetic soul tormented because it has failed in its search for a beautiful ideal.
		Li Bo, a leader of the romantic school, rebelled against poetic conventions, as he did against society in general.
		Li Bo was at his best when he sang of love and friendship; of the delights of wine; and of the strange, majestic, and awe-inspiring aspects of nature.
	www.connect.net /ron/chineseliterature.html (2627 words)

	LIU AN
		Kao Yu states that Liu An was the son of Prince Li, the son of the Emperor Kao, and so he was the grandson (?) of the emperor.
		Prince Li's mother was a Court Lady of the Prince of Chao.
		Li) wrote to the new Emperor asking for an interview; and this led to mutual friendship.
	www.sacred-texts.com /tao/tgl/tgl010.htm (827 words)

	[No title]
		Born in the province of Ssuch`uan, Li Po obtained his doctor's degree at the age of twenty, and was already known as a brilliant, inspired poet before Ming Huang became his patron in the capital.
		But Li Po, with all his enthusiasm for his patron and the delights of the garden-life, was little of a courtier.
		A smile Lies in the opened lily of her face; And, since she breathes not, being stone, the birds Light on her shoulders, flutter without fear At her still breast.
	fraktali.849pm.com /text/archive/tao/ljade10.txt (16794 words)

	Qu Yuan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He initiated the style of Sao, which is named after his work Li Sao, in which he abandoned the classic four-character verses used in poems of Shi Jing and adopted verses with varying lengths, which gives the poem more rhythm and latitude in expression.
		Qu Yuan is also regarded as one of the most prominent figures of Romanticism in Chinese literature, and his masterpieces influenced some of the greatest Romanticist poets in Tang Dynasty such as Li Bai and Du Fu.
		Other than his literary influence, Qu Yuan is also held as the earliest patriotic poet in China history.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Qu_Yuan (794 words)

	Chinapages-Culture-Poetry
		Li Yuan, a military commander in Taiyuan, Shanxi raised an army and occupied Chang'an.
		His representative work is the Li Sao (Sorrows at Departure), which is a long poem describing his love for his state and his disappointment at its situation.
		Li Bai (701-762) was born in Suiye in Central Asia.
	www.mc.maricopa.edu /dept/d10/asb/anthro2003/china/links/poetry.html (1897 words)

	Survey of steam locomotives spotted outside the North East of Brazil. Jan 2002.
		LI Special: Eleven 2-10-2 locos were purchased from Argentina in 1978; manufactured by Henschel and by Skoda for the F.C. General Belgrano and based on a Baldwin design.
		LI #13 (1992) reports that no. 50/58281/1925 was sold in 1982 to the Madeira-Mamoré Railway.
		Note: LI #59, 2001 publishes photo of a Baldwin 4-4-2 "Coronel Church" which is shown as restored and preserved under cover.
	www.steam.demon.co.uk /trains/brazil37.htm (5470 words)

	Tandunonline.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Special attention is paid to Tan Dun, whose composition Feng-Ya-Song, though being the recipient of an award in Germany, resulted in the outlawing of public performance of Tan Dun compositions for a brief period in 1983-1984, not long after he had received accolades in China for his piece Li Sao.
		That the Weber prize-winning string quartet was singled out for attack while Li Sao was awarded a prize in China is both ironic and revealing.
		As Barbara Mittler writes in Dangerous Tunes, Li Sao is “radical in its critique of the detrimental state of his country’s government of bribery and sycophancy...
	www.tandunonline.com /MoreOnTandun?id=3 (993 words)

	JinXiang
		The opera is based on an actual event that took place in 1938 in Northeast China during the Japanese occupation.
		Li Sao was commissioned by the China Conservatory to be performed by traditional instruments orchestra to mark the 40th anniversary of the Conservatory.
		A famous poem by this name was written about 3000 years ago by the poet Qu Pan, and a song based on the poem has been played over the years on a traditional 7-string instrument.
	www.jinxiangcomposer.com (768 words)

	An introduction to Chinese literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		A noble by birth, Qu Yuan wrote Li Sao (On Encountering Sorrow), a long, autobiographical poem full of historical allusions, allegories, and similes, lyrically expressed and concerned with the intimate revelation of a poetic soul tormented because it has failed in its search for a beautiful ideal.
		In the late 11th to the 13th century, however, the tradition of writing musical ci was revived.
		The great Chinese poet Li Qingzhao (Li Ch'ing-chao) is renowned for ci concerning her widowhood.
	www.china-on-site.com /literatu/intro.htm (2750 words)

	terms2
		Chen shou (Chum Sao) Kum Sao: Covering palm technique which is a pushing down low block, or a palm to the
		To swing ones leg forward in a circle, straight line, or a combination of both in order to sweep the opponents light leg out from under him.
		Hua Mei Shou: A one finger spear, not used in tsa li fo.
	www.geocities.com /san_soowushu/terms2.html (2054 words)

	ISD de AIS San-Marino / SANGIORGI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		En 1990, pere de publika konkurso de pruvoj kaj titoldokumentoj, li fariĝis katedra profesoro de pedagogia kibernetiko de la Universitato de São Paulo.
		Nuntempe li estas profesoro de inform-teorio, pedagogia kibernetiko kaj novaj teknikoj pri komunikado kaj artoj; kunordigante la Centron de Informadiko, Komunikado kaj Artoj.
		Li nuntempe estas Direktoro pri Internaciaj Rilatoj de ESPERANTÚSP.
	www.forst.tu-muenchen.de /EXT/AIS/isd/personoj/unikodo/1690OP006.html (278 words)

	tuen-ng.html
		To express his concern for the old ruler, Chu Yuan wrote a poem called Li Sao, the classical speech.
		While wandering alone one day he composed Li Sao and then became so disgusted at the human world of intrigue and deceit that he committed suicide.
		In mourning for their honest statesman, the people threw rice in the river to feed his ghost.
	www.bsu.edu /classes/magrath/205ss02d/tuen-ng.html (800 words)

	Summary of Chinese Literature (China)
		The Book of Songs, a collection of 305 folk ballads of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period, compiled in the sixth century B.C., is China's earliest anthology of poetry.
		The first, best represented by Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao, is known as the "gentle school"; the second, the "bold and unconstrained school," is best represented by Su Shi and Xin Qiji.
		Those with historical themes include The Young Son of Heaven by Lin Li, Zeng Guofan by Tang Haoming, Emperor Yongzheng by Eryue He and Mending the Crack in the Sky by Huo Da.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/china/pro-literature.htm (766 words)

	phorum - Chinese Culture Forum at Asiawind - Chinese idiomatic story (24)
		It was during this time that he composed the Li Sao (Â÷ÄÌ) which was an allegory of himself searching for an understanding ruler whom he could serve.
		More than half of Li Sao was about the shaman's journey in search of divinity.
		When Ji Ji Li wanted to take action against their recalcitrance they fled to Jing Man (¯ðÆZ present day Jiang Nan ¦¿«n south of the Yangtze River ´¤l¦¿) and settled down in a place Mei Li (±ö¨½ present day Wu Xi city µL¿ü¥« in Jiangsu province ¦¿Ä¬¬Ù).
	www.asiawind.com /forums/read.php?f=2&i=799&t=799&v=f (2046 words)

	Li Sao (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The preface to Li Sao in Shen Qi Mi Pu says that there are two qin melodies called Li Sao, one of 18 sections written by Qu Yuan himself, and one of 11 sections written by later people in memory of (Qu Yuan).
		In Shen Qi Mi Pu, Li Sao follows Zepan Yin and a modal preface, Shenpin Qiliang Yi, which introduces aspects of the mode, which uses the tuning 2 4 5 6 1 2 3.
		They are largely in the style of Men Yingzhao (active during 1736-1795), who did 32 illustrations for Li Sao.
	www.silkqin.com /04qart/07sqmp/57ls.htm (247 words)

	Yang Xiong [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Generally speaking, the Old Text School was associated with the simpler, more pragmatic philosophy of Confucius’s native state of Lu, while the New Text school was associated with the often fantastic writings of Zou Yan (305-240 BCE), a native of Qi and founder of the yinyang and wuxing schools of thought.
		As Yang Xiong explains in his autobiography, Fan Sao was written in response to Li sao (Encountering Sorrow), a poem by the legendary Warring States poet Qu Yuan (340-278 BCE).
		While Yang Xiong’s Fan sao is similar in style to Qu Yuan’s Li sao, its outlook is very different.
	www.iep.utm.edu /y/yangxion.htm (4927 words)

	Highlights of Chinese Culture and History
		In his exile at the order of the King of Chu, Qu Yuan created The Lament (Li Sao).
		Lu Xun, a great writer of modern China, acclaimed The Historical Memoirs as the "acme of historical writing and the Lament (Li Sao) in unrhymed form," which means that though it is not a poem in form, this excellent and outstanding historical book is a perfect literary work, as good as Qu Yuan's Lament.
		Sima Qian and his Historical Memoirs, which has exerted a tremendous influence on Chinese historiography and Chinese literature, have enjoyed high prestige among countless Chinese historians and men of letters in the last 2,000 years, who have often looked upon Sima Qian as their model.
	www.chinatown-online.com /cultureeye/highlights/sima.htm (823 words)

	A Lute of Jade (Chinese poetry) by L. Cranmer-Byng
		Li Po The most famous name in Chinese literature.
		It is harder to write of Li Po than of any other Chinese poet.
		Lies in the opened lily of her face;
	encyclopediaoftheself.com /classic_books_online/ljade10.htm (10318 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Billi fl-applikazzjoni tar-Regolament tal-Kummissjoni (KEE) Nru 1600/92, is-sistema hija applikkabli mill-1 ta' Lulju 1992; billi jin'tie! li jsiru disposizzjonijiet g'all-applikazzjoni tar-regoli dettaljati attwanti mill-istess data;
		Marka spejali g'andha titwa''al mal-!obon li fuqu jkun sar kuntratt.
		Without prejudice to Article 2 (1) (d), on entry into storage, the responsible agency shall conduct checks in particular to ensure that products stored are eligible for the aid and to prevent any possibility of substitution of products during storage under contract.
	europa.eu.int /eur-lex/mt/dd/docs/1992/31992R2174-MT.doc (2394 words)

	W. W. Norton College Books : English : An Anthology of Chinese Literature - Beginnings to 1911
		Li Bo Han-shan: The Master of Cold Mountain
		Interlude: Li Qing-zhao’s Epilogue to Records on Metal and Stone
		Li Yu, Silent Operas: "An Actress Scorns Wealth and Honor to Preserve Her Chastity"
	www.wwnorton.com /COLLEGE/titles/english/chinese/contents.htm (128 words)

	1996 AAS Abstracts: China Session 145 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		This begins in as early a text as the Li sao; from then on, verse writing (especially the shi) has played an essential part from Han to the Republic in clarifying, defining, or (in some cases) mystifying the social and cultural construction of male elites.
		However, although the importance of poetry has always remained in evidence, how poetry was used throughout the past two millennia has depended largely on the problematics of intellectual history, of social and cultural development, and of politics.
		In the past decade, scholars have continued to study the Li Sao from the perspective of literature, society, and archaeology; new evidence has demonstrated the vibrant cultural life of the state of Chu, and new insights into the contributions of the South to Han society have been suggested.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1996abst/china/c145.htm (1193 words)

	The Legend (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Qu Yuan wandered the countryside and wrote about his love for his country and people and wrote some of the most beautiful poetry in the Chinese language.
		In a long poem, the autobiographical and allegorical, Li Sao, he poured out his feelings of grief and concern for the state of Chu.
		In his frustration and sorrow over his beloved country, he clasped a big stone to his breast and leaped into the Mi Lo River to end his life.
	www.pittsburghdragonboatfestival.org /2003/LEGEND.htm (282 words)

	Ancient Poems: The Songs of the South (Chinese-English)
		This book contains Qu Yuan's Li Sao, the Lady of Xiang, Mourning the Lost Capital, and the Owl by Jia Yi, each poem with the comment on the title and illustration, the ancient poem in original text with footnotes, modern Chinese translation, and English translation.
		It is called "poetic prose of Chu", or "the Sao style", in the history of Chinese literature.
		Southern poetry is different from the northern poetry styles both in verse (the verse divider xi ?, a particle expressing sighing) and in content.
	www.abc-chinese.com /b00poss.html (919 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		This Agreement shall apply, on the one hand, to the territories in which the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community is applied and under the conditions laid down in that Treaty and, on the other hand, to the territory of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Principe.
		The corresponding amount shall be paid to the National Bank of São Tomé and Principe by 31 December of the current year at the latest.
		Pursuant to Article 2 of the Agreement and for the period of application of this Protocol, licences to fish in São Tomé and Principe's fishing zone shall be granted to 27 ocean-going freezer tuna boats.
	europa.eu.int /eur-lex/mt/dd/docs/1984/21984A0225_01_-MT.doc (2358 words)

	Qu Yuan - Cookie Nest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Jiao ji neng li yu ji qiao (Xian dai qing nian zhi li yu neng li cong shu)
		Zhongguo hai qu ji lin yu di zhi, di qiu wu li xi lie tu
		By: di qiu wu li xi lie tu" bian tu wei yuan hui Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo di zhi kuang chan bu "Zhongguo hai qu ji lin yu di zhi
	store.cookienest.com /authors/qu+yuan.php (230 words)

	Chrysanthemum - flower of honour
		In Li Shizhen's famous book, "Ben Cao Gang Mu", finished in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), more than 900 varieties of chrysanthemum were listed.
		Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), the famous poet who committed suicide because he was unhappy with the dark reality of life, was among the first to write poetry about the chrysanthemum.
		He wrote in his poem "Li Sao": "Drink dew from the magnolia in the morning and take autumn chrysanthemum's falling petals as food in the evening."
	www.fmltea.com /Teainfo/Chrysanthemum.htm (929 words)

	East Asian Art & Archaeology - Newsletter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		This exhibit features twelve brush-and-ink plum blossom paintings by artist Li Fangying from an album recently purchased for the Museum by members of the Asian Art Council.
		This exhibit displays over 400 of the largest and finest snuff bottles ever to be shown at the Museum.
		This collection was put together over the course of some 30 years by James and the late Julie Li of Sao Paolo, Brazil, using the collection of Mr.
	www.umich.edu /~hartspc/NEAAA/issue70/members/exhibitions/articles/70wc_9.html (236 words)

	Pink Floyd's Allusions to Chinese Poetry: Sources
		Useful, but interpretations are distorted by a socialist version of the Chinese conventional view that poetry must have a moral and utilitarian purpose.
		Annotations on Li He's poetry by the Qing Dynasty critic Wang Qi and others.
		Li Sao and Other Poems of Chu Yuan
	www.cjvlang.com /Pfloyd/sources.html (278 words)

	Lyrical Partch: a compilation of lyrics from his works
		Prince Hsieh is a poet-governor of the 4th century under the Chin dynasty whom Li Po admired immensely.
		He is celebrated for his poems, which include the famous Li Sao.
		Note: These two stanzas are taken from a poem written by Li Po in behalf of his wife, expressing her sentiment toward himself.
	www.corporeal.com /lyrical.html (3210 words)

	Tan Dun - Composer Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		His teachers in Beijing were Li Yinghai and Zhao Xingdao; after 1980, guest lecturers included Alexander Goehr, George Crumb, Hans Werner Henze, Toru Takemitsu, Isang Yun, and Chou Wen-Chung.
		While romantic and old-fashioned by today's standards, Li Sao was less imitative, technically more advanced, and more personal than any of the symphonies produced by Chinese composers of the older generations.
		Pitches bend by microtone or sweep in glissandi; individual notes are sculpted and subtly varied for coloristic expression by changing articulation.
	www.schirmer.com /composers/tan_essay.html (5220 words)

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