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Topic: Library classification

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	Library classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A library classification is a system of coding and organizing library materials (books, serials, audiovisual materials, computer files, maps, manuscripts, realia) according to their subject.
		In the 20th century, libraries opened their stacks to the public and started to shelve the library material itself according to some library classification to simplify subject browsing.
		Library classification forms part of the field of library and information science.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Library_classification (438 words)

	Library of Congress Classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The classification was originally developed by Herbert Putnam with the advice of Charles Ammi Cutter in 1897 before he assumed the librarianship of Congress.
		It was influenced by Cutter Expansive Classification, DDC, and was designed for the use by the Library of Congress.
		It has been criticized as lacking a sound theoretical basis; many of the classification decisions were driven by the particular practical needs of that library, rather than considerations of epistemological elegance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Library_of_Congress_Classification (304 words)

	SPEC Kit 252 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It also asked when the last classification study was performed within the library, what triggered the process, who was involved, and what were the results of the classification study in both economic and human terms.
		The wide range of classification levels may be influenced by outside guidelines since 41 respondents indicated that their classifications must fit into a larger classification scheme imposed by another system: state system (24%), higher education system (22%), campus system (20%), or other system (34%).
		Perhaps, the greatest trend of all is that libraries recognize the need for an expansion in classification levels in order to cover the complexity and/or variety of duties performed by support staff at the same time that they are willing to pay for the upgrades and reclassifications themselves.
	www.arl.org /spec/252sum.html (1704 words)

	MLA Forum - A Role for Classification: The Organization of Resources on the Internet
		Library classification can be seen as a categorizing device used to organize knowledge into classes, or as a notation assigned to physical information packages (Taylor, 1999).
		The library community, over many years, had appeared to favor subject indexing systems (the use of a controlled vocabulary to assign indexing terms to documents) over the use of traditional classification schemes (grouping documents into a hierarchical structure of subject categories).
		Because classification's notation is separate from a specified language, a searcher would be able to enter search terms in a given language and those terms might then relate to the relevant parts of the classification system (as a switching language).
	www.mlaforum.org /volumeI/issue2/roleClassification.html (4492 words)

	FirstSearch: Full Text
		These new classifications ("information technology consultant" is now used in our library instead of "user support specialist") are meant to reflect, according to their documentation, "today's business needs and the changing environment of work.
		Traditionally, state classifications have been scrutinized closely by local unions, and have consisted of fairly rigid classification ranges with numerous pay levels that are attained through annual step increases, until one reaches the top of one's respective range (i.e., through seniority or longevity).
		In libraries, we tend to select those positions for benchmarks that are stable and well defined at the various classification levels (1, 2, 3, etc.).
	library.sau.edu /jpollitz/reserves/supportstaff.htm (2649 words)

	Prolegomena to Library Classification
		The characteristics of the scheme are to be used in a sequence relevant to the purpose of the classification.
		A Scheme of Book Classification may be provided with a Schedule of Collection Numbers to individualise the various collections of special documents to be formed on the basis of the peculiarities of their gross bodies, or their rarity, or service exigency to facilitate use by readers.
		In an analytico-synthetic classification, the implementation of the Principle of Increasing Concreteness requires that the facets in the facet formula of a basic class should be in the decreasing sequence of concreteness.
	www.miskatonic.org /library/prolegomena.html (1492 words)

	Research Essay: Nancy Ng
		Sayers then further describes classification as "...not only the general grouping of things for location or identification purposes; it is also their arrangement in some sort of logical order so that the relationship of the things may be ascertained" (28-29).
		Therefore, the main drive of classification is logic; to take knowledge where they are related to each other and divide them logically and in the process to try not to "break any part" like a butcher.
		In 1897, the Library of Congress was moved from the Capitol in Washington to a new building where there would be enough space for the rapidly growing collection.
	www.albany.edu /~nn8194/research (955 words)

	Library Skills \| Library of Congress Classification System
		Library science took a great step forward in 1876 with Mevil Dewey's introduction of his decimal classification of books.
		The other standard book classification, and the one which most Americans will encounter, is the Library of Congress Classification system (LC), which was also conceived and introduced in the last part of the nineteenth century.
		Since the Library of Congress Classification System is used in every college and university library in the USA, then mastering it will apply to any college or university a student attends.
	www.ferris.edu /htmls/colleges/artsands/Biology/ResearchScience/LibClassificationSystem.cfm (343 words)

	IPL Teenspace: A+ Research & Writing
		Libraries build their collections based on what they think their patrons will need, so the collections of reference materials, fiction and non-fiction will differ between a public and an academic library.
		Library catalogs usually treat a book as a single "item" and catalog it that way, even if it might be a book of poetry or a book of essays by different authors.
		The library catalog will tell you if the library keeps a particular periodical in its collection, but will not list all the articles within the periodical, nor will it necessarily even list all the issues of the periodical which are kept.
	www.ipl.org /div/aplus/library.htm (1697 words)

	Library Classification and the Internet
		Classification schemes bring systematic order and control to the collection so that an information package can be retrieved according to a particular aspect of its character.
		A successful classification scheme is one that saves the time of the user by creating an order convenient to the user (Mortimer, 2000).
		Classification schemes are used to provide systematic order, bring related items together, provide access through browsing and provide an exact location for each information package.
	www.du.edu /lisa/students/student_papers/Irwin.htm (1527 words)

	Chapter 2: Rearch Methods & Strategies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Classification means the grouping together of items or people according to a feature they have in common.
		Many public libraries in the United States still use the Dewey Decimal System because this is the system they have historically used, and because it is an easy system to use and master.
		Call numbers and library classification are intertwined because each field of study is represented by a call number.
	seattlecentral.org /faculty/lkanne/textbook/chap2.html (1820 words)

	Faceted Classification
		A faceted classification differs from a traditional one in that it does not assign fixed slots to subjects in sequence, but uses clearly defined, mutually exclusive, and collectively exhaustive aspects, properties, or characteristics of a class or specific subject.
		We in the knowledge management community are not all library scientists, and the author of this article came to these principles without any familiarity with the term faceted classification and without knowledge of the literature or practices of faceted classification in the library science community.
		One of the primary benefits of faceted classification is that even if you don’t know the name of an object, you can achieve a very accurate shared understanding of what it is by describing it in terms of several mutually exclusive categories of information.
	www.kmconnection.com /DOC100100.htm (2270 words)

	Library Classification Systems
		The Library of Congress developed its own system for classifying information in the early 1900s, because the Dewey Decimal Classification System was not flexible enough to meet the needs of its vast collection.
		The Library of Congress Classification System is now used in the United States by most academic and research libraries and some large public libraries.
		Library of Congress call numbers begin with a letter; for instance, L for education.
	home.manhattan.edu /~nick.taylor/tutorial/libraryclassificationsystems.html (408 words)

	Basic Skills: Organization of Library Materials - Chapter I - Part I - Cataloging Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Library classification in particular is “the systematic arrangement by subject of books and other materials on shelves or of catalogue and index entries in the manner which is most useful to hose who read or who seek a definite piece of information.”
		Assigning a classification number to the item so that all items on a given subject are shelved together.
		The Library of Congress (LC) established the Cataloging-in-Publication (CIP) Program in 1971, with the objective of putting cataloging data for a publication inside the publication itself.
	www.nlc.state.ne.us /libdev/basic/organizationoflibrarymaterials/cataloging.html (699 words)

	ODLIS: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science
		A division of the Canadian Library Association (CLA) formed in 2004 by the merger of the Association for Teacher-Librarianship in Canada (ATLC) and the Canadian School Librarianship Association (CSLA), CASL is devoted to providing a national voice for school libraries in Canada, promoting excellence in school libraries, and facilitating the professional growth of school librarians.
		Library holdings of a canceled serial title are noted in the catalog record in a closed entry.
		In libraries, this usually includes bibliographic description, subject analysis, assignment of classification notation, and activities involved in physically preparing the item for the shelf, tasks usually performed under the supervision of a librarian trained as a cataloger.
	lu.com /odlis/odlis_c.cfm (10129 words)

	LLRX.com - How Dewey Classify OCLC's Lawsuit
		Notably, “Dewey Decimal Classification” was first used in commerce in 1876, when Melville Dewey published and sold the first edition of this classification system.
		In further describing the conduct of the Library Hotel, OCLC quotes an interview with the hotel’s owner, Henry Kallan, where he states that he “was even thinking of registering the concept [of the hotel] as intellectual property.” Complaint at 8.
		The Library of Congress has no current trademarks relating to their system, and it is probably second only to Dewey in terms of name recognition for library classification systems.
	www.llrx.com /features/deweyoclc.htm (2402 words)

	Historical research - American library classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Manual of Classification for Libraries and Bibliographers by Sayers, the first edition of which was published in 1926, is now referred to as Sayers-Maltby; it was published across the Atlantic by Grafton and Company, London.
		Primary and secondary sources in archives and libraries are summarized to provide insight into Merrill’s attempts to develop or modify tools to solve the knowledge organization problems he faced.
		However, Olson, in the same book and in other research, is almost the only scholar who has convincingly shown how multiple pathways even in library catalogs (subject information retrieval) may be accommodated and I am greatly indebted to her scholarship in connecting the principles in Merrill's Code with the negation of bias in bibliographic classification.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~asc/wsmcode.html (1464 words)

	CWI Library - Classification schemes
		CWI Library Classification Scheme valid in 2000 A classification scheme is used to retrieve monographs on a certain subject in the library catalogue.
		The MSC classification codes for computer science (MSC group 68) are replaced by CWI group 69, which is based on the more extensive CR classification codes.
		Classification codes are for use in the Online Public Catalogue and for browsing through the books on the shelves
	www.cwi.nl /library/services/class (158 words)

	[No title]
		Library classification schemes have become increasingly available in electronic form and undergone many enhancements that make them attractive for web knowledge organization.
		For example, the hierarchy structures of library classification schemes are thought to have great potential as browsing structures.
		Their use of subject categorization is similar in scope and scale to the application of traditional classification schemes in library databases.
	staff.oclc.org /~vizine/JIC/v5n42002/ClassificationSchemesRevisited.doc (2899 words)

	Math & CS Library-Classification
		The library's classification system is unique to the library and aimed at the specific needs of its users.
		The call number is the device used to locate library materials on the shelves (located on the spine of the item).
		The first part of the call no. is the classification number; the second part are letters (or a combination of letters and numbers) which serve to identify each item.
	www.ma.huji.ac.il /~library/class.htm (298 words)

	Five Colleges of Ohio Research Tutorial: Library Navigation: classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Classification systems help you find the item you are looking for on the shelf.
		There are several different types of systems, and most academic libraries use more than one.
		The Library of Congress or LC system and the Dewey Decimal system are used to classify many materials.
	www.denison.edu /ohio5/infolit/c2libnav (139 words)

	MARC Code List: PART III: Classification Sources
		Classification Sources contains a list of works which are sources of classification schemes, along with the code assigned to each source work.
		The purpose of this list is to allow the source of the classification number or span of numbers given in MARC records to be designated by a code.
		For many classification schemes of states of the United States, the source code consists of the U.S. Postal Service abbreviation for the state as the first two characters, followed by other letters identifying the specific scheme.
	www.loc.gov /marc/relators/relaclas.html (1378 words)

	The Dewey Decimal System Unit Study, Homeschool Curriculum and Unit Studies Online - Homeschool Learning Network
		Arrangements varied from library to library but in all cases, users had to look in many places to find books on the same subject.
		Libraries in more than 135 countries use the DDC to organize and provide access to their collections.
		It is used at the Library of Congress and at academic and research libraries in the United States and Canada.
	www.homeschoollearning.com /units/unit_09-10-01.shtml (1227 words)

	Classification and categorization: a difference that makes a difference Library Trends - FindArticles
		These distinctions lead to meaningful differences in the contexts within which information can be apprehended and influence the semantic information available to the individual.
		Structural and semantic differences between classification and categorization are differences that make a difference in the information environment by influencing the functional activities of an information system and by contributing to its constitution as an information environment.
		Many different and sometimes conflicting responses can be made to the question "What is information?" Floridi (in press) identifies three broad categories intended to elucidate the predominant approaches to understanding the ambiguous phenomenon called information: information as reality (or ecological information), information for reality (or instructional information), and information about reality (or semantic information).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1387/is_3_52/ai_n6080402 (236 words)

	Open Directory - Reference: Libraries: Library and Information Science: Technical Services: Cataloguing: Classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Classification Theory and the Internet: A move toward Mulitdimensional Classification - A paper by Susan Irwin, University of Denver, 2001.
		Faceted Classification - Yahoo!Group for discussion of practices and theory of faceted classification.
		Using Library Classification Schemes for Internet Resources - by Diane Vizine-Goetz of the OCLC Office of Research.
	dmoz.org /Reference/Libraries/Library_and_Information_Science/Technical_Services/Cataloguing/Classification (359 words)

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