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Topic: Liebig Extract of Meat Company

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	Liebig's Extract of Meat
		Liebig worked first as an apprentice to a pharmacist in Heppenheim, Germany, then got a grant from the government of Hessen to study at the University of Bonn, then at the University of Erlangen.
		Liebig was finding it costly, requiring 30 kg of meat to produce 1 kg of the extract.
		Finlay, Mark R., "Quackery and Cookery: Justus von Liebig's Extract of Meat and the Theory of Nutrition in the Victorian Age." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 66 (Fall 1992): 404-418.
	www.practicallyedible.com /edible.nsf/pages/liebigsextractofmeat (1227 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Justus Liebig (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Liebig improved organic analysis, and discovered that plants feed on the nitrogen (actually microbes do the conversions to nitrogen componds) and carbon dioxide in the air, as well as on minerals in the soil.
		Liebig learned to perform chemical operations as a child in his father's small laboratory, which was maintained to support the family drug and painting-materials business in Darmstadt, Germany.
		Liebig improved organic analysis, and discovered that plants feed on the nitrogen (actually microbes do the conversions to nitrogen compounds) and carbon dioxide in the air, as well as on minerals in the soil.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Justus-Liebig (530 words)

	Liebig Extract of Meat Company - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Liebig Extract of Meat Company was the originator of Oxo beef stock cubes.
		The Liebig Extract of Meat Company was established on 4 December 1865 in London, England and set about opening a factory to meet demand for the extract.
		The Liebig Extract of Meat Company was acquired by the Vestey Group in 1924 and the factory was renamed El Anglo.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Liebig_Extract_of_Meat_Company (604 words)

	Liebig meat extract chromo advertising trade card club for ephemera
		liebig extract of meat company has edited since 1867 many ephemera and more than 10.000 trade cards sets in many languages.
		So most of these were especially produced by printers for the Liebig Company and don't exist for others Companies.
		It is a fantastic collection on plants, animals, society worldwide, history, inventions, famous people, geography, arts and...name any other subject and I'll show you a few sets on that topic.
	www.chromo.be (531 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		He is known as the "father of the fertilizer industry" for his discovery of nitrogen as an essential plant nutrient, and his formulation of the Law of the Minimum which described the effect of individual nutrients on crops.
		Liebig did not receive the doctorate until well after he had left Erlangen, and the circumstances are clouded by a possible scandal Munday (1990).
		Liebig's arguments against any chemical distinction between living (physiological) and dead chemical processes proved a great inspiration to several of his students and others who were interested in materialism.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Justus_von_Liebig (1089 words)

	HISTORY OF MEAT'S EXTRACT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Meat extract has been conceived by German chemist Justus von Liebig, it was a method to preserve meat with all its nutrients while reducing its size.
		Liebig cards collection is still very appreciated today for their high quality of printing and design which was never really matched by any other company.
		Liebig Company did not give presents to those who completed their albums, because collectors considered the cards themselves as the gift; in fact, as time went by, cards' value increased.
	www.figurineliebig.com /liebig/storiagb.htm (970 words)

	NamibWeb.com - The online guide to Namibia: Ghost house
		The house was originally built during the German colonial period in 1911 to house the farm managers of the Karl Liebig Company, which specialised in cattle breeding.
		'Liebig's Extract of Meat Company of London' had purchased 210 000 hectares of land in the Khomas Hochland on September 18, 1907.
		Perhaps readers know whether the company had any connection with the beef-flavoured drink, Bovril, which was very popular in Britain at this time and based on 'extract of meat'.
	www.namibweb.com /house.htm (719 words)

	Justus von Liebig Summary
		Liebig was a student in chemistry at both Bonn and Erlangen and received his doctoral degree from the latter university in 1822.
		Liebig wisely argued against fertilizing with only nitrogen, as this would ultimately result in depletion of other minerals from the soil, and correctly theorized that the least abundant mineral in a given expanse of soil will limit plant growth no matter how plentiful other minerals were.
		Liebig was expelled from his grammar school for detonating an explosive device he had made at home from chemicals obtained from his father's business.
	www.bookrags.com /Justus_von_Liebig (4416 words)

	corned beef
		The house she rents for 160 pesos a month is an eight-room former company property today mortgaged to the tiles with the Banco Naciόn by the family that bought the Liebig's property in 1980.
		Liebig's bought land in Corrientes, to fatten cattle for its factory, and also spread to Misiones, and produced tung oil, from the seed of a tree originally grown in China.
		Away from the demolished killing floor and the meat processing tables of what was once called "the world's kitchen" or "the biggest kitchen in the world"; away from the near derelict canning plant, the boilers and generators, and the drains that were started in 1902, one has the spooky sensation of a time machine.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /casamirror/cornedbeef.htm (2403 words)

	LIEBIG COMPANY'S PRACTICAL COOKERY BOOK (London 1894)
		Justus von Liebig was one of the greatest organic chemists of the nineteenth century.
		His research into the chemistry of meat, undertaken during his 30-year study of the chemistry of food, led him to conclude that valuable juices in meat should be sealed by roasting at a high temperature before moving to a lower one.
		Liebig's research on beef tea prompted him to begin commercial production, as he felt his "extract of beef" would be a valuable addition to the diet of the poor.
	www.acanthus-books.com /liebcompracc.html (249 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bouillon cube (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It is made by dehydrating vegetables, meat stock, a small portion of solid fat (such as hydrogenated oil), and seasonings (usually including salt and monosodium glutamate) and shaping them into a small cube.
		Food ingredients French Advertising for Liebig Extract of Meat, bevore 1900 Italian Advertising for Liebig Extract of Meat, bevore 1900 The Liebig Extract of Meat Company (Lemco) was the originator of Liebig and Oxo meat extracts and later Oxo beef stock cubes.
		Bouillon products are made from meat extracts with salt and sometimes artificial flavoring in the form of hydrolyzed plant protein.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bouillon-cube (612 words)

	Oxoid Support Baron von Liebig Memorial Lecture
		To celebrate the life and scientific achievements of Justus Liebig, Oxoid Limited are pleased to support the 7th annual Baron von Liebig Memorial Lecture, to be held on Friday 12 September at the Royal Society of Medicine, 1 Wimpole Street, London.
		Baron Justus von Liebig was a pioneer of science who, in the 19th century, established a reputation as the father of modern chemistry making important contributions to research and discovery in agriculture, animal chemistry, pharmacology and food chemistry.
		In 1968 the Liebig group was acquired by Brooke Bond, which was subsequently acquired by Unilever.
	www.rapidmicrobiology.com /news/603h61.php (593 words)

	Sportscience History Makers - Liebig (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Liebig restudied protein compounds (alkaloids previously discovered by the chemist Mulder), and concluded that muscular exertion by horses or humans required mainly protein, not carbohydrate and fat.
		Liebig argued that consuming his extract and meat would help the body perform extra "work" to convert plant material into useful substances (Holmes, 1974; Shenstone, 1895).
		Liebig, a giant in his field at the time, fell prey to a common dilemma: how to capitalize on commercial efforts while maintaining academic respectability.
	www.sportsci.org /news/history/liebig/liebig.html (784 words)

	Liebig history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Liebig´s meat extract introduced the name of FRAY BENTOS to the world, and, in the imagination of the genial Jules Verne, it served breakfast to their firs travellers to the moon.
		The company established and independent community with a standart of living far higher than surrounding areas, where special accomodation was provided for workers and their families.
		This "company town" had become an interesting touristic attraction, because the conservation of edifices and places, an tennis and golf court, an old hospital, a school, an cultural center, etc. builded by germans and english owners.
	www.rionegrotodo.com /FRAYBENTOS/ENGLISHVERSION/liebig.htm (292 words)

	SHAC Meeting Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Liebig's unique position provided the basis for his style of education and enabled the development of a model that spread throughout the world.
		Liebig put Giessen on the map and boosted the town's economy through the students that he attracted to the town.
		Whilst Liebig's abilities meant he would have achieved wherever he was based, the particular environment in Giessen, where he could concentrate solely on his work, made the association so successful.
	www.open.ac.uk /ambix/may03.htm (1134 words)

	Would you believe a square meal you can fit in a cup? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Liebig declared that beef broth contained a soluble substance of great nutritional value, and in 1850 he described how to concentrate this substance into a meat extract -- a syrupy dark brown paste.
		In 1865 he acquired a partner, formed the Liebig Extract of Meat Company, and opened a manufacturing plant in Uruguay, where cattle were so plentiful they were being slaughtered simply for their hides.
		Liebig the scientist died in 1873, by which time Liebig the company had many competitors, among them Armour in North America and Bovril in Britain (though it was born in Canada).
	www.canada.com /victoriatimescolonist/news/life/story.html?id=b85dd0b9-920c-40a3-b410-ddeecbe28b12&k=46267&p=1 (605 words)

	World Architecture Images- The Oxo Tower
		Liebig wanted to include a tower featuring illuminated signs advertising the name of their product.
		When permission for the advertisements was refused the tower was built with four sets of three vertically-aligned windows, each of which "coincidentally" happened to be in the shapes of a circle, a cross and a circle.
		Liebig and the building were eventually purchased by the Vestey Group.
	www.essential-architecture.com /LO/LO-092.htm (311 words)

	Justus von Liebig (1803 - 1873) - German Chemist and Agricultural Scientist
		Liebig studied at the University of Bonn, together with Karl Wilhelm Gottlob Kastner.
		Liebig improved organic analysis, and discovered that plants feed on the nitrogen (actually microbes do the conversions to nitrogen componds) and carbon dioxide in the air, as well as on minerals in the soil.
		In 1865 he founded the Liebig Extract of Meat Company which produced beef extract, an innovation of his, as a cheap, nutricious alternative to real meat.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_justus_liebig.shtml (324 words)

	"Social Networks and Innovation in the South American Meat Indu
		Liebig was convinced of the nutritional importance of muscle juices, leading to the conclusion that it was important to eat meat along with its gravy or soup.
		By the 1850s, Liebig's extract was much in demand at Munich, but it was in use there mainly as a remedy, something only the affluent could afford.
		This company was soon selling large quantities of extract of meat to the armies and the institutional poor of Europe.
	www.ub.es /geocrit/bell-eng.htm (4878 words)

	Justus von Liebig - MalibuMountainWiki
		Liebig was expelled from his grammar school for detonating an explosive device he had made at home from chemicals obtained from his father's business.
		This concept is a qualitative version of the principles used to determine the application of fertilizer in modern agriculture.
		Liebig is also credited with the notion that "searing meat seals in the juices." This idea, still widely believed, is not true.
	www.malibumountaingallery.com /wiki/index.php?title=Justus_von_Liebig&printable=yes (517 words)

	History of the agar plate - Laboratory News - for all the latest, Lab, Science, Medical & Research news, products, jobs ...
		The original parent company, the Liebig Extract of Meat Company (Lemco) was formed in 1865 and manufactured meat infusion extracts under the trade name Lab Lemco.
		Although meat extract is a valuable source of many growth factors for bacteria it lacks sufficient amino-nitrogen to allow optimal growth of a range micro-organisms.
		Peptones – Lab Lemco, a beef extract based on that originally sold by Leibig’s Extract of Meat Co., is still available today, and Oxoid continue to manufacture peptones from meat (such as liver, heart and veal), milk and vegetable sources in their Basingstoke production facility.
	www.labnews.co.uk /printer_friendly.php/808/history-of-the-agar-plate (2135 words)

	Liebig
		By 1974 the company has issued in the region of 2000 different sets which can be collected in a variety of languages and for this very reason you can expect to hear a good deal more about this issuer of cards as time goes on.
		This was 101 years after the death of Baron Von Liebig, the inventor of the meat extraction process and obviously the fellow that gave the company its name.
		Baron Von Liebig might have been a big wheel in the meat extraction process but he also was a big noise in space.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/Franklyn_Roberts/tliebig.htm (884 words)

	Oxoid - About us
		The original parent company, the Liebig Extract of Meat Company (Lemco) manufactured meat extracts which could conveniently be used in laboratories to grow bacteria.
		Liebigs produced a popular - and cheaper - version of meat extract around the turn of the century and named it Oxo, with the familiar Oxo cube following a few years later.
		During 1968 Liebig merged with Brooke Bond and in 1975 Oxoid left the Oxo cube factory in Southwark, London where the company had been founded and moved to new purpose-built facilities in Basingstoke.
	www.oxoid.com /UK/blue/about/about.asp?c=UK&lang=EN (1066 words)

	Extract herbs - Herbs for impotence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The original product was a viscous liquid containing only meat extract was invented by Justus Liebig around 1840 and commercialized by the Liebig Extract of Meat Company starting in 1866.
		The original product was a viscous liquid containing only meat extract was herbs herb impotence for impotence invented herb impotence by Justus Liebig around 1840 and commercialized by the herbs for impotence Liebig Extract of herb impotence Meat herbs for impotence Company starting in 1866.
		In 1899, the company introduced the trademark Oxo for a cheaper version; the herb impotence origin of the Campbell Soup Company.
	herbs-for-impotence.cialis-cialis.org /extract-herbs (1820 words)

	Liebig - silver almost for free - SMP Silver Salon Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Liebig Extract of Meat Company was the originator of Oxo beef stock cubes.
		The extract became known as Oxo in 1899.
		A popular cookbook, The Liebig Company's Practical Cookery Book by Hannah M. Young, was published in 1894 and re-released in 1999 (David Brown Book Co., ISBN 1870962168).
	www.smpub.com /ubb/Forum12/HTML/000077.html (846 words)

	S&M history of international trade of agricultural commodities
		In addition to coffee, meat and cattle products, the company imported Chile saltpeter, which for centuries was highly coveted as the only raw material for the manufacture of aniline dye, explosive materials, fertilizer and sodium nitrate.
		For nearly fifty years, the company's legendary meat extract molded the corporate image, in addition to import of phosphate and ferrous sulfide.
		The company's success during this overall critical phase was based on over one hundred years of trading experience and the professional competency of corporate management.
	www.schlueter-maack.com /history (919 words)

	Un lugar ligado a la vida de su frigorífico \| LANACION.com
		LIEBIG, Entre Ríos.- Generalmente los pueblos de Entre Ríos están ligados a su producción, ya que muchos nacieron, crecieron y se desarrollaron gracias a ésta.
		Este lugar tomó vida cuando Liebig s Extract of Meat Company Limited se asentó en la zona y creó uno de los frigoríficos más importantes de su época.
		Hoy, Liebig, como tantos otros pueblos de la zona, trata de abocarse al turismo como un modo de conservar su patrimonio y su historia.
	www.lanacion.com.ar /EdicionImpresa/suplementos/elcampo/Nota.asp?nota_id=834028 (996 words)

	Vestey Group at AllExperts
		To ship the meat back to the UK the Vesteys created their own shipping company, the Blue Star Line, registered on July 28 1911 in London and Liverpool with a capital of 100,000 pounds.
		In the course of their expansion, Vestey bought a number of other companies, acquiring Oxo and London's Oxo Tower through the purchase of the Liebig Extract of Meat Company.
		In the middle of the 20th century, Vestey companies dominated the UK wholesale and retail meat trade, selling refrigerated and canned meats, as well as leather and other by-products.
	en.allexperts.com /e/v/ve/vestey_group.htm (741 words)

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