Light emitting diode

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	Light-emitting diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction.
		Due to the spectral characteristics of the diode, the red and green colors of objects in its blue+yellow light are not as vivid as in broad-spectrum light.
		Some LED units contain two diodes, one in each direction (that is, two diodes in inverse parallel) and each a different color (typically red and green), allowing two-color operation or a range of apparent colors to be created by altering the percentage of time the voltage is in each polarity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Light_emitting_diode (3638 words)

	What is a Light Emitting Diode?
		LED's are special diodes that emit light when connected in a circuit.
		The energy (E) of the light emitted by an LED is related to the electric charge (q) of an electron and the voltage (V) required to light the LED by the expression: E = qV Joules.
		For each recombination of a negative and a positive charge, a quantum of electromagnetic energy is emitted in the form of a photon of light with a frequency characteristic of the semi-conductor material (usually a combination of the chemical elements gallium, arsenic and phosphorus).
	acept.la.asu.edu /courses/phs110/expmts/exp13a.html (862 words)

	Organic light-emitting diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a thin-film light-emitting diode (LED) in which the emissive layer is an organic compound.
		OLED may also be used in lighting devices.
		The key to the operation of an OLED is an organic luminophore.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/OLED (1327 words)

	LED (light-emitting diode)
		A small indicator light most often used to show the power is on or the device is being used.
		LEDs are found on your computer case, monitor, printer, modem, CD-ROM drive, and hard drive.
	www.maran.com /dictionary/l/led (34 words)

	In-Pavement Light Emitting Diode (LED) Evaluation
		The commercial lighting industry has recently developed a light strip system that utilizes a series of encapsulated light emitting diodes (LED) to provide a continuous line of closely spaced lights.
		The string of diode lights can be easily embedded within the pavement surface so as not to hinder snowplowing operations and, being sealed or encapsulated, require only a minimum of maintenance.
		LED devices are noted for requiring comparatively low level of power for operation and have demonstrated minimal failure rates.
	www.airtech.tc.faa.gov /safety/ipled.asp (210 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Light Emitting Diodes Work"
		Light emitting diodes, commonly called LEDs, are real unsung heroes in the electronics world.
		Among other things, they form the numbers on digital clocks, transmit information from remote controls, light up watches and tell you when your appliances are turned on.
		Basically, LEDs are just tiny light bulbs that fit easily into an electrical circuit.
	electronics.howstuffworks.com /led.htm (176 words)

	High-Tech Dictionary Definition
		(LED).A type of semiconductor diode that emits visible or infrared light when current passes through it.Visible LEDs are used as indicator lights; for example, the light that shows a computer or printer is turned on.Infrared LEDs are used in remote-control devices.
	www.computeruser.com /resources/dictionary/definition.html?lookup=3066 (41 words)

	Light-emitting Diode (LED)
		The total LED chip optical output power is as high or higher than the edge-emitting LED, but the emitting area is large, causing poor coupling efficiency to the optical fiber.
		Spectral Width: Ideally, all the light emitted from an LED would be at the peak wavelength, but in practice the light is emitted in a range of wavelengths centered at the peak wavelength.
		LEDs are used as visible indicators in most electronics equipment, and laser diodes are most widely used in compact disk (CD) players.
	www.fiber-optics.info /articles/LEDs.htm (3077 words)

	Light-emitting diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction.
		Due to the spectral characteristics of the diode, the red and green colors of objects in its blue+yellow light are not as vivid as in broad-spectrum light.
		The LED chip emits blue light, part of which is efficiently converted to a broad spectrum centered at about 580 nm (yellow) by the Ce The single crystal form of Ce :YAG is actually considered a scintillator rather than a phosphor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Light-emitting_diode (3639 words)

	Light Emitting Diode Lighting
		In a recent Scientific American article entitled "In Pursuit of the Ultimate Lamp", authors George Craford, Nick Holonyak and Frederick Kish discuss the progress in light emitting diodes.
		LEDs have exceeded the efficiency of incandescent sources in the past few years, but remain cost prohibitive in manufacture compared to incandescent lighting for ordinary lighting applications.
		They place the cost of commercial white LEDs at 50¢ per lumen compared to a fraction of a cent per lumen for incandescent light bulbs.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/electronic/ledlight.html (80 words)

	Sound Modulated Light from Light Emitting Diode.
		Since the light intensity is varying according to the original modulating audio signal, the photocell will put out an audio voltage that is like the original signal and will be heard in the pickup amplifier.
		This project can amplitude modulate the light being emitted from an LED using the 8 ohm earphone output from a small radio or amplifier.
		Putting a convex lens in front of the LED and focusing the light into a narrow beam.
	home.earthlink.net /~lenyr/modlitbm.htm (443 words)

	LEDs - Gallium Indium Nitride UV, violet, purple, blue, aqua, turquoise, green, white. Also Gallium Arsenide and others. New LED MUSEUM! GaN, InGaN, SiC, GaAs, GaP, GaAlP, ZnSe, flashlight, flashlights.
		Showcased in our exhibits are examples of breakthrough LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology.
		HAVE YOU SEEN ME? I am a 6977 vacuum tube, a low voltage indicator lamp that was the immediate predecessor to the visible light LED.
		Don Klipstein (http://www.misty.com/~don/index.html) was instrumental in getting this project off the ground, mainly by providing samples of LED technology which I could either not find myself or could not afford to purchase myself.
	ledmuseum.home.att.net /museum.htm (1026 words)

	“ELECTRONIC PAPER”: Organic Light Emitting Diodes
		The Organic Light Emitting Diode forms of display still have many obstacles to overcome before it’s popularity and even more importantly, its reliability are up to par with standards expected by consumers.
		Organic Light Emitting Diode technology, pioneered and patented by Kodak/Sanyo, enables full color, full-motion flat panel displays with a level of brightness and sharpness not possible with other technologies.
		The structure of the organic layers and the choice of anode and cathode are designed to maximize the recombination process in the emissive layer, thus maximizing the light output from the OLED device.
	komar.cs.stthomas.edu /qm425/01s/Tollefsrud2.htm (1436 words)

	Light Emitting Diode (LED) Books
		Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are devices that are used in a myriad of applications, such as indicator lights in instruments, signage, illuminations, and communication.
		Light Emitting Diodes are already used in traffic signals, signage/contour lighting, large area displays, and automotive applications.
		Solid-state lighting promises to reduce energy consumption as much as fifty percent, cut down on carbon-dioxide emission, and even spur the development of a completely new lighting industry.
	www.inirgee.com /LEDBooks.htm (220 words)

	LED (Light Emitting Diode) Luminaires - darksky.org
		Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have been around for nearly 30 years, but have only recently begun to be used for applications other than indicator and display devices.
		Today, many products are available using LEDs as a light source, and more are emerging every year.
		LED based linear luminaire for Facade Flood Lighting and Glazing lighting.
	www.darksky.org /fixtures/led.html (213 words)

	light-emitting diode - a Whatis.com definition - see also: LED
		A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it.
		Some LEDs emit infrared (IR) energy (830 nanometers or longer); such a device is known as an infrared-emitting diode (IRED).
		The light is not particularly bright, but in most LEDs it is monochromatic, occurring at a single wavelength.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci213613,00.html (385 words)

	Dictionary of Computers - light-emitting diode
		An LED is a diode made of semiconductor material, such as gallium arsenide phosphide, that glows when electricity is passed through it.
		A new generation of LEDs that can produce light in the mid-infrared range (300–1000 nm) safely and cheaply were developed by British researchers in 1995, using thin alternating layers of indium arsenide and indium arsenide antimonide.
		An electronic component that converts electrical energy into light or infrared radiation in the range of 550 nm (green light) to 1300 nm (infrared).
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/dictionaries/computers/data/m0006165.html (202 words)

	Light Emitting Diode Monthly - February 2006
		The headlights and interior lights are all based on light emitting diodes, which double as light sources and design elements.
		For the first time, LEDs have been used for the high beam, for which twelve additional light emitting diodes are grouped around the centre in each headlight.
		Seven white diodes at the centre of the "pupil" are sufficient to produce dipped headlights at the front and reversing light at the back.
	ledmonthly.com /index.php?...&task=view&contact_id=2&Itemid=47 (1202 words)

	Method for fabricating an organic light emitting diode - Patent 6582984
		The organic light emitting diode comprises of the organic emitting layer 326 that is between the anode 310 and the cathode 330.
		A dot-matrix type mask is used to form the organic emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, and to form the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer inside the groove.
		The total thickness of the anode 310, the organic emitting layer 326, the hole injection layer 322, the hole transport layer 324 and the electron transport layer 328 are equal to the depth of the groove 304.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6582984.html (2722 words)

	49806.010712&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
		The p-type organic semiconductor used in an organic light-emitting diode performs the function of facilitating hole-injection from an anode and simultaneously transporting the injected hole to a light-emitting layer.
		The light-emitting layer (15,25) of the organic light-emitting diode according to the present invention, where electrons and holes injected from two opposite electrodes are recombined and emit light, employs materials having high fluorescence efficiency.
		In the voltage-current relationship for the manufactured organic light- emitting device as shown in Figure 4, the device using NPB injected holes at about 1 volt, the concentration of holes was lower than the device using the compound of Chemical Formula 1 a.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/49806.010712&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3966 words)

	Organic light emitting display patent
		Light emitting device, display apparatus having the light emitting device, and method of manufacturing the display apparatus
		The organic thin film layer 285 has at least one organic emission layer such as a hole injection layer, a hole transporting layer, an emitting layer of R, G or B, a hole blocking layer, an electron transports layer and an electron injection layer.
		However, when the organic emission layer is formed by the laser induced thermal imaging process, device reliability is changed depending on the taper angle and the step between the pixel defining layer 265 and the anode 270.
	www.freshpatents.com /Organic-light-emitting-display-dt20050602ptan20050116631.php (1481 words)

	LED vs. Laser
		LED technology uses a Light Emitting Diode printhead as a light source within the imaging device.
		The LED bar pulse-flashes across the entire page width and creates the image on the print drum as it moves down.
		Unlike laser systems, the LED printhead is solid-state and has no moving parts.
	www.okidata.com /mkt/html/nf/LEDvsLaser.html (175 words)

	Highly Efficient Silicon Light Emitting Diode (ResearchIndex)
		Abstract: In this paper, we describe the fabrication, using standard silicon processing techniques, of silicon light-emitting diodes (LED) that efficiently emit photons with energy around the silicon bandgap.
		0.6: Integration of a Novel Microfluidic Device with - Silicon Light Emitting (2000)
		The improved efficiency had been explained by the spatial confinement of charge carriers due to a local strain field that is formed by dislocation loop arrays.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /643739.html (296 words)

	eBay - light emitting diode, Nonfiction Books, Models, Kits items on eBay.com
		Light Emitting Diodes by Forrest M. Mims (1973)
		Tamiya 1/32 Mini 4wd Light Emitting Diode RED Set 15081
		NEW - Light Emitting Diodes Research Manufacturing and
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=light+emitting+diode&... (206 words)

	Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED)
		When light emitting layer is mixted with ionic material, the charged ions are dissociated under electric field.
		A junction like p-n is formed in the middle of the emitting layer.
		Optically, it requires good reflection if light passes through the anode.
	www.odcad.com /ChangingContents/DevicePhysics/LED/OLEDDevicePhysics.htm (403 words)

	Led Light Emitting Diode - Compare Prices, Reviews and Buy at NexTag - Price - Review
		Light emitting diode (LED) technology is now available as an add-on conversion for SureFire's Executive Series of high-performance flashlights.
		The Infinity Table Lamp uses a light-emitting diode (LED) to give longlasting, highly concentrated light with no heat.
		These LED lamps are perfect for experiments with simple circuits.
	www.nextag.com /led-light-emitting-diode/search-html (315 words)

	Diode Emitting Light Polarization White
		Pumping is with diodes emitting near 790 nm, but each input photon can...
		External diode lasers pump the outer core, which confines the pump light and...
		The system eliminates interference from light reflected at a leaf’s surface and allows us to see light re-emitting from within.
	www.lightingnet.info /6/diode-emitting-light-polarization-white.html (139 words)

	PRAD.de Specials Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED)
		So the functional principle of light emitting diodes is not based on a filament but on the so called luminescence.
		The wave length, and therefore the color of the light emitted, is dependent on the energy that is released during the formation of an exciton.
		Conventional LEDs consist of a semiconductor crystal which emits light when an electrical voltage is being impressed on it.
	www.prad.de /en/news/oled_special.html (536 words)

	Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and light-emitting polymer (LEP) displays - OpticsReport
		Organic EL is achieved by sandwiching a light-emitting organic material between two electrodes.
		It is possible that organic light-emitting materials will replace older display technologies much like compact discs have relegated cassette tapes to storage bins.
		When a voltage is applied, the organic molecules convert the electrical energy into light in the visible part of the spectrum.
	www.opticsreport.com /content/article.php?article_id=1001 (528 words)

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Topic: Light emitting diode

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